词根前缀后缀.doc

满意回答2011-10-22 19:32二、高中英语常用的前缀和后缀 1、常用前缀 aero-：concerning the air of aircraft planeaeroplane spaceaerospace anti-：against；opposite of nuclearantinuclear matterantimatter warantiwar auto-：of or by oneself biographyautobiography criticismautocriticism be-：to treat as the stated thing friendbefriend littlebelittle bi-：two；twice；double lingualbilingual cyclebicycle bio-：concerning living things chemistrybiochemistry spherebiosphere by-，bye-：less important produceby-produce waybyway centi-：hundredth part gradecentigrade metercentimeter co-：together，with authorcoauthor existcoexist col-：( used before l ) together，with locationcollocation com-：( used before b，m，p ) together，with passioncompassion con-：together，with centricconcentric federationconfederation contra-：opposite dictioncontradiction naturalcontranatural cor-：( used before r ) together，with relatecorrelate respondcorrespond counter-：opposite actcounteract attackcounterattack cross-：across；going between the stated things and joining them countrycrosscountry breedcrossbreed de-：showing an opposite；to remove；to reduce codedecode valuedevalue dis-：not；the opposite of advantagedisadvantage agreedisagree honestdishonest em-：( used before b，m，p ) to cause to become bodyembody powerempower en-：to cause to become；to make dangerendanger largeenlarge ex-：former ( and still living ) ministerex-minister wifeex-wife extra-：outside；beyond curricularextracurricular ordinaryextraordinary fore-：in advance，before；in or at the front armforearm warnforewarn il-：( used before l ) not legalillegal literateilliterate im-：( used before b，m，p ) not moralimmoral possibleimpossible in-：not directindirect sensitiveinsensitive infra-：below in a range；beyond redinfrared structureinfrastructure inter-：between；among changeinterchange nationalinternational intra-：inside，within；into cityintracity departmentintra-department ir-：（used before r）not regularirregular responsibleirresponsible kilo-：thousand gramkilogram meterkilometer macro-：large，esp. concerning a whole system rather than particular parts of economicsmacroeconomics structuremacrostructure mal-：bad or badly functionmalfunction treatmaltreat micro-：extremely small computermicrocomputer electronicsmicroelectronics mid-：middle daymidday nightmidnight mini-：small；short busminibus skirtminiskirt mis-：bad or badly；wrong or wrongly fortunemisfortune understandmisunderstand mono-：one；single planemonoplane tonemonotone multi-：more than one；many purposemultipurpose nationalmultinational non-：not residentnon(-)resident sensenonsense out-：outside；beyond liveoutlive dooroutdoor over-：too much；above；additional headoverhead timeovertime poly-：many centricpolycentric syllabicpolysyllabic post-：later than；after graduatepostgraduate warpostwar pre-：before；in advance payprepay warprewar pro-：in favor of，supporting Americapro-America abortionpro-abortion pseudo-：not real；false namepseudonym sciencepseudoscience re-：again；back to the former state unitereunite usereuse self-：by means of oneself or itself；of，to，with，for，or in oneself or itself employedself-employed taughtself-taught semi-：half；partly circlesemicircle finalsemifinal step-：not by birth but through a parent who has remarried motherstepmother childrenstepchildren sub-：under，below；less important；part of the stated bigger whole dividesubdivide sectionsubsection super-：more，larger，greater than usual marketsupermarket naturalsupernatural tele-：at or over a long distance；by or for television communicationtelecommunication screentelescreen therm(o)-：concerning heat chemistrythermochemistry meterthermometer trans-: across, on or to the other side of ; between Atlantictransatlantic planttransplant tri-: three; three times angulartriangular cycletricycle ultra-: beyond; very, extremely modernultramodern soundultrasound un-: not certainuncertain fortunateunfortunate under-: too little; below developunderdevelop seaundersea uni-: one, singer formuniform directionalunidirectional vice-: next in the rank; below chairmanvice-chairman presidentvice-president 2.常用后缀 （1）名词后缀 -ability，-ibility ableability flexibleflexibility -age postpostage shortshortage -al arrivearrival refuserefusal -an，-ian，-arian librarylibrarian musicmusician -ance，-ence appearappearance referreference -ancy，-ency emergeemergency expectexpectancy -ant，-ent applyapplicant correspondcorrespondent -cy accurateaccuratcy privateprivacy -dom kingkingdom freefreedom -ee employemployee interviewinterviewee -er，-or，-ar paintpainter begbeggar -ery bravebravery slaveslavery -ese ChinaChinaese JapanJapanese -ess actoractress waiterwaitress -ful handhandful spoonspoonful -hood childchildhood manmanhood -ics electronelectronics linguistlinguistics -ion，-ition，-ation collectcollection observeobservation -ism MarxMarxism socialistsocialism -ist psychiatrypsychiatrist violinviolinist -ity，-ty cruelcruelty purepurity -ment movemovement retireretirement -ness darkdarkness happyhappiness -ology climateclimatology futurefuturology -ship friendfriendship scholarscholarship -sion，-ssion decidedecision expandexpansion -th growgrowth widewidth -ure closeclosure exposeexposure (2)动词前缀 -en deepdeepen fastfasten -ify classclassify simplesimplify -ize，-ise modernmodernize / modernize popularpopularize / popularize (3)形容词后缀 -able，-ible suitsuitable questionquestionable -al naturenatural structurestructural -an，-arian，-ian suburbsuburban CanadaCanadian -ant，-ent differdifferent pleasepleasant -ary，-ory adviseadvisory customcustomary -ate considercons