lesson 5.doc

数学问题A + B x C =A X C + B X C =(A + B) x CThe following statements constitute translation principles: a, translation equivalence is established at the discourse and not at the langue level. b, translators do not translate words; they translate their sense into a given context. C, insofar as possible, the target text should transmit the same denotative and connotative information as the source text.coffee, cola and even black tea with all its antioxidants cant count in your water quota. Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science. new machines or techniques are nor merely a product, but a source, of fresh creative ideas. It is really due to the spread of the knowledge and the practice of what is coming to be called Death Control. 4，Lincoln was a good speaker and student of political philosophy. 5，The first aspect of science is the application of the machines, products and systems of applied knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. 6，even those legislative lions who roar against the president on Capital Hill tend to lower their voice and follow their prepared speeches when they walked the White House door.误：其原因确实在于知识的普及和那种被称作“死亡控制”的实践。正：其原因确实在于现在被称作“死亡控制”的有关知识的普及和有关实践的开展（应用）。林肯擅长演说，并且钻研过政治哲学。（林肯没上过学）误：科学的第一个方面就是运用机器，产品，和科学家，技术人员研制出来的应用知识体系。正：科学的第一个方面就是运用科学家，技术人员研制出来的机器、产品和应用知识体系。甚至在国会上对总统大喊大叫的议员们一跨进白宫大门，也常常压低嗓音，并按事先准备好的稿子讲话7, N. + N. + 修饰（定从）We cannot keep what we have unless we are all committed, all willing to sacrifice and to serve where we can.8, he is a skillful English-speaking diplomat. 9, N. +修饰+修饰 All the credit organization charge interest on a monthly basis which may work out as high as 25 percent a year.靠近原则：修饰成分似乎只修饰最靠近的一个句子成分。N., N., N.,+定语 翻译方法 1，主句简单短小，定语比较长时，将定语从句和主句溶为一句。it was a hope which reflected the conviction expressed some years earlier by the then British Prime Minister.这个希望反映了一种信念，它由数年前当时在任的英国首相所提出。There has never been a man around me who wrote so many memos.我周围的人中还没有一个会写这么多备忘录的。We are a nation that must beg to stay alive.我们国家非靠讨饭才能存活。2，当一个句子处理Chinese trade delegations have been sent to African countries, who will negotiate trade agreements with the respective governments.中国贸易代表团被派往非洲数国，就贸易协定问题同各国政府商谈。（以便与各国政府商谈贸易协定）。译成表示原因或目的的偏正复句 the sun heats the hearth, which makes it possible for plants to grow.太阳温暖大地，所以植物才可能生长。一名词的动词意义 抽象 vs 具体，静态 动态1，表示身分I am a good teacher. She is a beautiful singer. She is a sailor.I am a pacer / rice man / a big fan of yours Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.I have often tried to conceive of what those pages might contain, but of course I cannot do so because I am a prisoner of the present-day world.Few students of the Far East doubted that Japan intended to use the opportunity offered by the plight of Russia and Britain to grab the oil she desperately needed.The argument arises when the mediaTV in particularare perceived as interpreters of society.The skyscrapers are also lavish consumers, and wasters, of electric power.2. 从动词派生出来的抽象名词That loss of confidence has not sprung overnight from the invention of a weapon.Nuclear warfare would leave no time for the old-style mobilization of the armed forces.The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.To criticize it for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity. N +of+ N, its/ his nThere were also those who agreed with everything about the White Paper except its publication.There was a measure of political calculation in his choice of where to go. He emerged at the top of the exile movement last month. His choice was a surprise. 名词的罗列：枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家。古道西风瘦马，断肠人在天涯。So celebrate Bachs birthday on March 21 with food and music, candles and a toast.Our nations have great and proud histories. Together, our creativity, our innovation and our courage have set the pace in world economic development for centuries.China invented paper, printing and blast furnaces from smelting iron. Britain invented the computer, televation and the Internet.（跟动词搭配） In every Chinese city, we got into the streets, shops, parks, theaters and restaurants. 遛大街，逛商店，游公园，看演出，吃大餐名词之间融合the magic we are after does not call for spells and potions, just courage and grit and the willingness to go where few have gone before. 除此之外，我们所追寻的魔法并不需要咒语和巫药，我们心中只要怀有坚定不移的勇气、另辟蹊径的愿望，就足矣。 勇气，坚韧，和另辟蹊径的愿望名词的量词：Let a rose or a ribbon, well-chosen music or a crackling fire, weave a bit of romance into the fabric of your February.让一朵玫瑰，一条丝带，一首精选的乐曲，一炉噼啪爆响的炉火，将一丝浪漫编织/融进你的早春二月里。But lets give our romantic proclivities a corner, or at least a thought.但是为了我们心中的浪漫，至少可以腾出一个角落、一段思绪吧。搭配名词的冠词（名词的替换）an event, the child,He raises a black and a white cat.The black and the white cats他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫。He raises a black and white cat. 他养了一只花猫。Although her memoirs were written in her forties, the detail is extensive enough to suggest some to the contradictions which the young Simone faced, and which the adult autobiographer does not recognize.He felt the patriot rise within his breast. 爱国热情The reason I suggest you learn about cosmetic surgery is thatThe rational behind not deciding on it right away is that名词的单复数A full facelift is major surgery, involving sizable incisions.全面的脸部拉皮手术是个大手术，要在多处切开相当大的创口。flowers, rows of houses, newsmen went flying to NY 纷纷,The lion is the king of animals The very earth trembled as with the tramps of horses and murmur of angry men.export出口 exports出口货物comfort舒适comforts使生活舒适的用品或设备美鸭绒被，main电线，电源mains(自来水、煤气等的)总管, 干线advice忠告advices（政治外交上的）消息air空气airs风度、神气ash灰烬ashes骨灰beef牛肉beeves食用牛，菜牛blue 兰色blues烦闷，忧郁brain大脑brians智力，脑髓colour 颜色colours 旗帜compass罗盘compasses 圆规 custom 习惯，风俗customs 海关，关税damage 损害damages赔偿金effect 效果 effects 动产，家产copper 铜 coppers 铜线fetter脚镣fetters 囚禁，束缚experience 经验experiences 经历 foot 脚foots 渣滓 force力forces军队，兵力fund 资金funds 现金green绿色greens 蔬菜ground土地grounds 根据，理由gut 肠子 guts 内脏，内容，勇气heaven 天国 heavens 天空honour荣誉honours优等成绩 iron 铁irons 镣铐letter信，字母 letters文学line行lines 诗歌look 脸色，看looks容貌 manner方式manners礼貌minute分钟minutes会议记录moral 教训 morals品行oil油oils 油画pain痛苦pains 辛苦，努力physic 药品physics 物理premise前提premises房屋quarter四分之一quarters住宅return回来returns利润sand沙sands 沙滩saving节约savings储金silk绸silks绸衣spectacle景象 spectacles眼镜 spirit 精神spirits烈酒step步骤，脚步steps台阶time时间times 时代troop 群，队troops军队water水waters海洋wit有才能的人wits智力work工作works工厂content容量，内容contents目录drawer抽屉drawers衬裤我们的信心并非是在一夜之间由于发明了某种武器而丧失的。核战争将不让你有时间对武装部队按老样子调动。通过考试来竞争，其好处有点让人怀疑。但是明明知道失败还去竞争，这肯定是有害的。批评智力测试不能做到这点，就如同他选择去哪个国家 选中他为了庆祝，到时别忘了准备食物、音乐、蜡烛和一篇祝酒辞哟。直觉可以是你脑海中浮现出或梦到的一个形象，也可以是由各种外部因素刺激所致，比如你家电视上（壮丽的）落日余辉，（深情的）咏叹调，玩耍的小男孩，缺衣少食、无人疼爱的小女孩等等。这些都可以激发起人的直觉。The Freedom of the Fly by John RuskinWe can nowhere find a better type of a perfectly free creature than in the common housefly. Not free only, but brave. There is no courtesy in him: he does not care whether it is king or clown whom he tastes; and in every step of his swift, mechanical march, and in every pause of his resolute observation, there is one and the same expression of perfect egotism, perfect independence and self-confidence, and conviction of the worlds having been made for flies.Strike at him with your hand, and to him, the aspect of the matter is, what to you it would be, if an acre of red clay, ten feet thick, tore itself up from the ground and c