大学英语新理念综合教程第一册教案.doc

New Concept English Comprehensive CourseUnit One College Life Learning FocusExpress their feelings of college life. Describe the campus and the activities at college. Get the meanings of some new words and expressions. Know the English vowels and verb tenses. Write a Notice（通知）. Section I Lead-inSection II ReadingText A What to Expect from College LifeBackgroundTypes of Colleges in the U.S. If youre planning to study in the U.S., you have a number of choices when it comes to pick your college. There are many types of schools, each having its own mission and purpose within American education.Two-year colleges Two-year institutions, which are typically referred to as community or junior colleges, award the associate degree Associate of Arts (A.A.) or Associate of Science (A.S.) following successful completion of a two-year, full-time program. There are two basic types of programs at community and junior colleges. Some programs are strictly academic and designed to prepare students to transfer to four-year institutions with bachelors degree programs. Others are more practical or applied and provide career training in specific areas. This second type of school does not usually prepare students for transfer to a four-year institution, though some of the credits earned may still be accepted by a four-year institution. A small number of two-year colleges offer the final two years of the undergraduate program only, awarding the bachelors degree rather than the associate degree. Most community and junior colleges are publicly supported by the state and local communities, although some are private. Some private two-year colleges are proprietary or run for a profit.Four-year colleges and universities The college or university (sometimes called an institute when it emphasizes engineering or other technical courses) awards the bachelors degree. The Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) or Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degrees are the most common, but a variety of bachelors degrees by other names are also granted. Bachelors degrees are typically awarded following successful completion of a four-year, full-time program. Programs in some fields of study or at some institutions can be longer than four years. There are both public and private colleges and universities in the United States, and some have an affiliation with a religious denomination.Public versus private Publicly supported schools are generally state colleges or universities or two-year community colleges. These institutions receive most of their funding from the states in which they are located. Private schools generally have higher costs because they do not receive the same primary funding from the state and federal government. Colleges and universities with religious affiliations are private. Most of them are Christian (Roman Catholic and Protestant), although there are a small number of Jewish and Islamic institutions. In most cases, you do not need to be a member of a particular church or religious group to attend a religiously affiliated college and enrollment in these institutions will not usually interfere with your own religious views.Privately owned colleges Proprietary institutions are different from other types of schools in that they are privately owned and run for a profit. They are educational businesses that offer services and courses similar to those at other institutions, but you need to be very careful and research their accreditation status. Their programs tend to be technical and pre-professional courses of study. Almost all the colleges in the United States are now coeducational, which means that both men and women attend. There are also a small number of single-sex schools, some for men and some for women. Faculty, administration, and staff members will likely be of both sexes at any college.Words and Expressionsa little bit有点v He was a little bit under the weather.v 他生病了。v Helen sings a little bit worse. v 海伦唱得稍微差一点。v Can you try and persuade the supplier to boost the quantity a little bit? v 能否请您去说服供货商稍微增加点供货呢？expect v. regard something as probable or likely 预期,盼望,期待v The journey was not as nice as we had expected.v 旅途不像我们预想的那样好。v I expect I will be back on Sunday. v 我预计我会在周日回来的。Phase n. any distinct time period in a sequence of events局面,阶段v The child is going through a difficult phase. v 那孩子正经历困难的阶段。support oneself 通过做某一种工作养活自己v She supported herself by making soil. v 她靠种地为生。adjust to 适应, 调节v Could I adjust to Chinese life at 72? v 岁的我能适应中国的生活吗？v After Nigel left his academic post and went into business, it took him quite a while to adjust to the rat race. v 奈杰尔弃学从商后，过了很长时间他才适应那种竞争激烈的环境。v Astronauts in flight must adjust to weightlessness. v 宇航员在飞行中必须适应失重状态。stand on ones own feet 自立，依靠自己v We should learn to stand on our own feet.v 我们要学习依靠自己。v You should learn to stand on your own feet from now on. v 从现在起，你应该学着自立了。v This expressed their determination to stand on their own feet.v 这表达了他们自立更生的决心。hardship n. a state of misfortune or affliction艰难,困苦v A strong man will bear hardship without complaining.v 一个坚强的人会忍受困苦而不抱怨。v Mountaineering is attractive especially to young people because it is accompanied with hardship and adventure. v 登山很吸引人，特别是对年轻人来说，因为它伴随着艰难险阻。v Hardship disposes man to meet adversity.v 艰苦能让人适应逆境。Challenge n.挑战 ；v. 向.挑战v This career offers a challenge. v 这份职业具有挑战性。v The time was ripe for a challenge to the power of the government.v 时机已经成熟，可以向政府权力提出挑战了。v Nowadays no one will challenge the fact that the earth is round. v 现在没有人会对地球是圆的这一事实提出异议。in ones favor 对某人有利v That might be in your favor. v 那可能对你有利。v in favor of赞成v Are you in favor of his opinion? v 你会赞成他的意见吗？v do sb. a favor 帮忙v Sandy, do me a favor. v 桑迪，给我帮个忙v Can you do me a favor? v 可以请你帮点忙吗？peer n. a person who is of equal standing with another in a group同等的人；同辈v The opinions of his peers are more important to him than his parents ideas. v 在他看来，他同辈人的观点比他父母的观点更为重要。take on 承担,接受v The idea never really took on. v 这一观念一向不太得人心。v We cant take on any more work， were fully stretched (ie working to the utmost of our powers) at the moment. v 我们不能再接受更多的工作了目前已经全力以赴了.count on 依靠,指望v You can count on me. v 你可以指望我。v Great, Ill count on it! v 好极了，我就指望它了!v You can always count on Jim. v 你可以永远相信吉姆。face up勇敢地承认, 正视v He wont face up to the fact that he is too old for the job. v 他年岁太大不宜做这项工作，他却不愿面对这一现实。v He must face up to the fact that he is no longer young. v 他应该勇于正视自己不再年轻这一事实。make the most of充分利用 v We shall make the most of the opportunity. v 我们应充分利用这一机遇。v These photos make the most of the beauty of the morning in the mountains. v 这些照片将山中早晨的美景表现得淋漓尽致。acquire v. come into the possession of something concrete or abstract获得,取得,学到 v The collector has acquired a fine collection of impressionist paintings.v 这位收藏家收集到大量印象派绘画。v How did he acquire his wealth?v 他的财富是怎样得来的？Precious a. of high worth or cost宝贵的,珍贵的n My time is precious; I can only give you a few minutes.n 我的时间很宝贵，我只能见你几分钟。n You should make good use of every precious minute to study. n 你应很好利用宝贵的每一分钟去学习。n Pandas are precious creatures. n 熊猫是珍贵的动物。Translation1. 他总是乐于助人，作为回报，大家都喜欢他。(in return)He was always ready to help others, in return, he wasliked by everyone.2. 我们不能再接受更多的工作了。(take on)We cant take on any more work. 3. 那是他们唯一依靠的东西。(count on)That was the only thing they could count on. 4. 他把自己仅有的一点力量全使出来了。(make the most of)He makes the most of the little he has. 5. 72岁的我能适应中国的生活吗？(adjust to) Could I adjust to Chinese life at72? Text B My Experiences at Collegefreshman n. a first-year undergraduate大学一年级学生 v Its important for the college freshman to keep his nose clean.v 对大学新生而言洁身自好是很重要的。v in my freshman year 我是新生那年；v a freshman senator 任期未满一年的议员v The appearance of the new freshman called away his attention. v 新同学的出现使他的注意力分散了。Roommate n. an associate who shares a room with you室友 v I have seven roommates in my universityv 上大学时，我有7个室友。v My roommate gets up later than I do. v 我的同屋比我起得晚military a. of or relating to army and warfare军事的 n. 军队 v In some countries all the young men do a years military service.v 有些国家，所有年轻男子都要服一年兵役。Related phrases:v military academy 陆军军官学校, 军事学院v military age 兵役年龄v military operation 作战; 军事行动v military fever 伤寒症follow by 后面有(继之以), 接下来 v A middle-aged woman come over, followed by a group of children. v 一位中年妇女走进来，后面跟着一群孩子。v Cocktails will be served promptly at six to be followed by dinner at eight.v 6点钟准时举行鸡尾酒会，随之在8点钟举行正式的晚宴。make it clear 弄清楚，使人明白 v I want to make it clear that I have no prejudice against you. v 我要表明我对你没有偏见。v I make it clear to him that I reject his proposal.v 我清楚地告诉他，我拒绝了他的建议。discipline n. a system of rules of conduct or method of practice 训练,纪律,惩罚 v A little discipline would do him a world of goodv 稍微处分他一下会对他大有好处。v The teacher cant keep discipline in her class.v 这位老师无法维持教室纪律。v His army is a very disciplined force.v 他的军队是一支训练有素的队伍。v The children are happy at the school, but they lack discipline. v 孩子们在学校里很快活，但很散漫。scorching a. hot and dry enough to burn or parch a surface 灼热的 v He drew back from the scorching heat.v 他从灼人的热气中退了回来。v Its scorching hot. v 天气热得火烧似的。exhausted a. drained of energy or effectiveness精疲力竭的，用完的 v The combatants were exhausted after a months fight. v 战士们经过一个月的战斗已筋疲力尽。v She did not cry out， her tears were exhausted.v 她哭不出来了，因为眼泪都已哭干了。v The exhausted mother smiled at the cry of her newborn baby.v 听到新生儿的哭叫声，倦极了的母亲笑了。Reliant adj. relying on another for support有信心的, 自力更生的, 靠自己的 v Our country should not be so reliant on the oil it produces.v 我国不应如此依赖自产的石油。v Raising self-reliant children requires parents at times to lead with their heads and not their hearts. v 培养有自立能力的孩子要求家长们不时地用理智而 不是用感情来引导孩子。Mature a. having reached full natural growth or development成熟的,到期的,充分发育的,考虑周到的 v His character has greatly matured in the years.v 这些年他的性格已大大成熟。v A fully grown, mature organism. v 成体, 完全发育成熟的有机体v Oh, grow up! (i.e. Behave in a more mature way.)v 噢, 别那么不懂事了（表现得成熟些吧）!Extremely ad. to a high degree or extent; favorably or with much respect 极其,非常 v This task is extremely difficult. v 这项任务极其困难。v He is an extremely frank person. v 他是个极其老实的人。v The reward of this company is extremely bountiful.v 这家公司的奖金是非常慷慨的。easy-going a. amiable 随和的 v Some people are very easy-going.v 一些人非常宽厚。v Hes very good natured and easy-going.“v “它的性情十分温顺乖巧。champion n. someone who has won first place in a competition 冠军,拥护者 v He was the world tennis champion. v 他曾是世界网球冠军。v The little girl presented the champion with a victory garland.v 小女孩给冠军献上了胜利的花环。v Its a civic pride to have a world champion.v 拥有世界冠军是我们每个公民的骄傲。speech contest 讲演比赛 v I am a graduate of Beijing Foreign Studies University. I won a scholarship and the first prize in speech contest in the University.v 本人毕业于北京外国语大学，在校期间曾获得奖学金和演讲比赛冠军。v If you can manage, wed like you to attend our speech contest to Thursday morning. v 如果您能安排的话，我们想请您参加星期四上午举行的演 讲比赛。v Im very anxious about the speech contest. v 我对此次演讲比赛十分忧虑。pay off 有回报,成功 v If you work hard, it will pay off eventually.v 如果你努力的话，最终会有回报的。v Did your plan pay off? v 你的计划成功了吗？How time flies! 时光飞逝 v I often complain about how quickly time flies.v 我经常抱怨时光飞逝。v Its nearly midnight how time flies when youre enjoying yourself. v 快半夜了过得快活时，时间过得真快啊。vivid a. evoking lifelike images within the mind生动的,栩栩如生的,鲜艳的 v This girl gave a vivid description of the event. v 那女孩对这件事作了一番生动的描述。v My daughter is a child with vivid imagination. v 我女儿是一个想象力活跃的孩子。Engrave v. carve, cut, or etch into a material or surface 铭记, 雕刻 v The terrible scene was engraved on his memory.v 那可怕的情景铭记在他的记忆里。v His memorial was engraved on the stone. v 纪念他的碑文刻在石碑上。Recall v. to remember; to take back回想起,召回,恢复 v The danger recalled him to a sense of duty.v 这危险的事唤起了他的责任感。v I can recall the mens features. v 我回忆得起这个人的容貌。v I cant recall how long it has been.v 我回忆不起来多长时间了。Section III Practical WritingNotice（通知） Writing Tips英语的通知可分为两类，即书面通知和口头通知。写作格式及要求如下： 一、通知的标志 书面通知是书面的正式公告或布告，常常是张贴在显眼的位置，多用notice作标志。为了醒目起见，标志的每个字母可以用大写NOTICE(但如发出通知的单位以首字母大写形式出现在通知的标志之上，则也要首字母大写形式Notice)，并常写在正文上方的正中位置。口头通知用Announcement作标志，但通常省略不说。 二、通知的单位及时间 发出通知的人或单位的名称，一般写在标志的上方或在正文后面的右下角；发出通知的时间要写在正文的左下角或发出通知的单位名称的下方，也可按书信格式写在正文的右上角。不过，这两项有时可以省略。口头通知不说这两项。 三、通知的正文 正文要写明所做事情的具体时间、地点、概括性内容(多为书面通知的首句)、出席对象及有关注意事项。布置工作的通知要把工作内容和要求写清楚。正文一般可采用文章式。 四、通知的对象 被通知的单位或人一般用第三人称；但如果带有称呼语，则用第二人称表示被通知的对象，口头通知常用第二人称表示被通知的对象。涉及要求或注意事项时，也常用第二人称表示被通知的对象(祈使句中常常省略)。 五、通知的文体 书面通知用词贴切，语句简洁，具有书面化；口头通知用词表达要注重口语化。口头通知的开头往往有称呼语 (被通知的对象)，如：“Boys and girls”，“Ladies and gentlemen”，“Comrades and friends”等，或用提醒听众注意的语句，如“Attention, please!”， “Your attention, please!”， “May I have your attention, please? ”等，且最好有结束语，如：“Thank you (forlistening)”以示礼貌Section IV Language Skill Development1. Phonetic Study (1)英语元音列表元音前元音/i:/ /i/ /e/ /中元音/:/ /后元音/u / /u:/ / /:/ / /:/合口双元音/ei/ /ai/ /i/ /au/ /u/集中双元音/i/ / /u/2. 英语的时态英语共有十六种时态，其表现形式如下(以study为例)：一般时进行时完成时完成进行时现在Studystudiesam studyingis studyingare studyinghave studiedhas studiedhave been studyinghas been studying过去studiedwas studyingwere studyinghad studiedhad been studying将来shall studywill studyshall be studyingwill be studyingshall have studiedwill have studiedshall have been studyingwill have been studying过去将来should studywould studyshould be studyingwould be studyingshould have studiedwould have studiedshould have been studyingwould have been studyingSection V Extended ExercisesUnit Two Career Planning Learning FocusLearn the new words and expressions. Make suggestions and explain points of view to others. Know the English consonants and Present Simple Tense. Get to know some skills about how to write a Poster. Section I Lead-inSection II ReadingText A Avoid Career Confusions Background1. Career planning is the action of defining career type, objectives and strategies in order to achieve certain goals and career success. Career planning could be a crucial element to gain a healthy and successful career. Career planning drives your ideas into a clear direction to walk through, and series of actions to perform.2. Getting you career planning process running is to be achieved through your own self planning, hiring professional service or consultant, or using some kind of career planning tools. 3. Setting your own career planning scheme requires some deep thinking, studied calculations and good knowledge of your potentials. Its not an everyday action, nor a subject for too many frequent changes. Career planning should be built on strong basis of best self analysis, during the appropriate time to take such process.4. Career planning helps individuals to invest their potentials into predefined tracks, and save their time, effort and money from distraction. Career planning is the key for an early look on what to be working on its achievement.5. Career planning in many cases is not a permanent, one time deal. It can be divided on multiple stages according to certain circumstance or new calculations that come up through the way. It can also be re-done in a complete different and reset what was planned. Its not the end of the world if you have to re-construct your planning and begin everything all over. However, try to avoid this as possible as you can, if you want to have a sharp, well defined career.6. The entrance for individual career development planning is the next step on the track. Setting the main career planning scheme, then beginning the implementation, and reaching certain goals indeed, are the development process that has to come next. After succession with your early objectives that were set on your career planning, you may refresh your planning scheme with new objectives or even extra goals. Just keep it gradual and reasonable.7. In conclusion, career planning is an important step to take on the road to goal achievement. It helps keep your path organized and clear, and gives you motivation to go with a clear, well planned career.Reading ComprehensionDiscuss the following questions after reading the passage.Whether youre just entering college or preparing for graduation, now its time to start thinking about your career. Why?What is the meaning of the sentence “You dont have to spend your life singing at weddings just because you have a silky voice. Nor do you have to become a chef because you have an uncanny gift with spices.”Why does the author say “That believing your job has to satisfy the whole you is a common source of career error”?If one likes to write, does he have to become a writer? Why?Words and Expressionsaspire v. to have an ambitious plan or a lofty goal to do sth.热望, 立志v In his childhood, he aspired to become a great general.v 在童年时代，他渴望成为一位伟大的将军。v He aspired to leadership even in his childhood.v 童年时代他就渴望当领袖。 hit home to refer to， be relevant or familiar to 恰中要害，深深打入v Your comments really hit home. v 你的评论确实恰中要害。v I could see from her expression that his sarcastic comments had hit home.v 从她的表情中我可以看出他那些挖苦人的话已经触及她的痛处。 be supposed to 应该, 被期望 v He is supposed to be here tonight. v 他今晚应该会在这里。v He was supposed to give us advice, but all he came up with were airy-fairy ideas.v 他应该给我们提些建议，但他所想出来的一切是不切实际的。v I was supposed to meet her, but I