原因状语从句.doc

原因状语从句原因状语从句表原因，引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要的有because, as, since, for，seeing (that), now (that), considering (that)，in that等。以下逐一介绍常见的原因状语从句的引导词：because引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后， because表示直接原因， 语气最强， 最适合回答 why引导的疑问句。例如： I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。 注意： “not . because”结构中的not否定的是because引导的整个从句， 例如： The country is not strong because it is large. 国强不在大。 since引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、 显然的理由(通常被翻译成“既然”)， 较为正式， 语气比because弱。例如： Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics. 既然今天你休息， 你最好帮我补习数学。 注意： seeing (that)， now (that)， considering (that)， in that这几个词汇与since引导的原因状语从句意思相近， 都表示“既然”。例如： Seeing (that) he refused to help us, theres no reason that we should now help him. 他既然曾经拒绝帮助我们， 我们现在没有理由要来帮助他。Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents. 既然你长大了， 就不应该依靠你的父母了。Considering (that) everybody is here, lets begin our discussion. 既然大家都到了， 我们就开始讨论吧。In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it. 因为有病， 他觉得做不了那件事。 as 引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”， 语气比since弱， 较为正式， 位置较为灵活(常放于主句之前)。例如： As it is raining, youd better take a taxi. 既然在下雨， 你最好乘出租汽车。As you are tired, you had better rest. 既然累了， 你最好休息一下。I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我睡得早， 因为我筋疲力尽了。 for引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因， 只提供一些辅助性的补充说明， for引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。例如： He could not have seen me, for I was not there. 他不可能见过我， 因为我不在那里。比较：because, since, as和for because语势最强，表示不知道的原因用because，即说话人认为听话人不知道。因此because从句是全句最重要的部分，通常被放置于主语之后。 当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。 I didnt go, because I was afraid. Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. for虽然表示不知道的原因，但因语气比because弱得多，是可说可不说的话，只能位于主语之后，这时，for是并列连词，如果不是因果关系，而是对前面主语内容加以解释或推断时，只能用for。 He is absent today, because / for he is ill. He must be ill, for he is absent today.注1：除以上提到的大家比较熟悉的引导原因状语从句的从属连词外，when有时也可引导原因状语从句(when表示“既然”) I wont tell you when you wont listen. 既然你不想听，我就不告诉你了。 注2：because习惯上不与so连用 汉语习惯上说“因为所以”，但英语习惯上却不能将 so与because 连用： 因为下雨，所以我们呆在家里。 正：Because it was raining, we stayed at home. / It was raining, so we stayed at home. 误：Because it was raining, so we stayed at home. 注3：because 从句与 because of短语的转换 Because引导的原因状语从句有时可与because of 短语转换，because of后加的原因可以为好或坏 但最正规的还是becauseHe cant come because he is ill. / He cant come because of his illness. 他因病不能来。 I said nothing about it because his wife was there. / I said nothing about it because of his wifes being there. 因为他妻子在那儿，我对此事只字未提。 考题1 _ youve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as 答案 A 解析 主句与从句之间存在因果关系， 且“youve got a chance”表示一个显而易见的原因， 因此应选用表原因的now that。 考题2 He found it increasingly difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail.A. and B. for C. but D. or答案 B 解析 “his eyesight was beginning to fail”是“he found it increasingly difficult to read”的原因， 因此本题应选用可以表示原因的连词for引导原因状语从句。 考题3 A man cannot smile like a child, _ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone.A. so B. but C. and D. for 答案 D 解析 下划线处之后的句子补充说明“a man cannot smile like a child”的原因， 应选用for表原因。原因状语从句练习题I. 在下列句子的空格中填入适当的连词(每空一词)：1. _ Jane was the eldest, she looked after the others. 2. _ you know it, I wont repeat it. 3. He didnt hear the knock at the door _ he was listening to the radio. 4. Why didnt you come? _ my father wouldnt let me. 5. _ _ everybody is here, lets begin the discussion. II. 句型转换(把下列复合句转换为简单句)： I)把从句简化为 because of 结构： 1. He lay in bed because he had caught a bad cold. 2. He couldnt walk because his leg was broken. 3. I came back because it was raining. 4. They stayed in because the weather was bad. 5. We didnt get home till after midnight because we had missed the bus. II)把从句简化为分词短语： 6. As he is a warmhearted man, he is always ready to help others. 7. As he saw nobody in, he decided to leave a note. 8. Because he didnt understand its meaning, he asked the teacher to explain the word. 9. As he had lived in Beijing for many years, he knew the city very well. 10. As I have not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 11. As they were influenced by Lei Fengs example, they did a lot of good deeds. 12. As he was brought up in the countryside, he was not used to the city life. III)把从句简化为形容短语： 13. Because he was afraid of being late for class, Bob ran to school as fast as he could. 14. As he was full of ear, Crusoe left the cave in a hurry. 15. As he was anxious for a quick decision, the chairman called for a vote. Key: I. 1. As 2. Since 3. because 4. Because 5. Now that/Seeing that II. 1. He lay in bed because of a bad cold. 2. He couldnt walk because of a/his his broken leg. 3. I came back because of the rain. 4. They stayed in because of the bad weather. 5. We didnt get home till after midnight because of missing the bus. 6. Being a warm-hearted man, he is always ready to help others. 7. Seeing nobody in, he decided to leave a note. 8. Not understanding its meaning, he asked the teacher to explain the word. 9. Having lived in Beijing for many years, he knew the city very well. 10. Not having seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 11. Influenced by Lei Fengs example, they did a lot of good