大一下学期英语考试.doc

英语考试整理一、 全新版大学英语Unit 1 1. Appalled by what their children spend on candy and video games (or, rather, appalled by the degree to which their childrens overspending seems to mimic their own), parents devise ways to lock up their childrens resources.孩子们在糖果、电子游戏上的花费之大令家长们十分震惊（或者更确切地说，令他们吃惊的是孩子们的超支行为与他们自己的相似程度），于是他们便设法让孩子们把钱存起来不用。2. Compounded, that works out to an annual rate of more than 70 per cent.以复利计算，年息达到70以上。3. I give them unlimited access to their funds, no questions asked, and I provide printed statements on demand.他们使用自己的资金我不加任何限制，不作任何询问，我还根据要求随时提供打印的账单。4. The only way to teach kids to adopt a long-term perspective is to give them a short-term incentive for doing so.教育孩子们看问题要有长远目光的唯一途径，是让孩子们近期内便能尝到某种甜头，从而激励他们去那样做。Unit21. I think that skill with ones own hands-whether its tilling the soil, building a house, making a piece of furniture, playing a violin or painting a painting a painting-is something that doesnt change with the ups and downs of life.我认为手艺不管是耕地，造房子，做家具，拉小提琴，还是画图这些东西不会因生活的起起落落而改变。2. No matter if I was involved in writing a book, conducting a political campaign, teaching at Emory University or dealing with international affairs, I could always go back-at least for a few hours at a time-to the woodshop.无论我在写书，从事政治活动，在爱莫瑞大学教书，还是处理国际事务，我总会设法抽空回木工场，每次至少呆上几个小时。3. In Jimmy and Rosalynn Carters recently published book, Everything to Gain, they explain frankly how they used back-to-basics to confront and resolve their painful political defeat, a sudden departure from Washington and their fears of an empty future.在吉米和罗莎琳卡特最近出版的书名为好处说不尽的书中，他们直言不讳地解释了当他们遭遇了痛苦的政治上的失败，突然告别华盛顿以及对茫然的未来感到惧怕时，他们是如何使用返璞归真的技能来面对和化解这些问题的。4. In this book we encourage people to take on new things that might look very difficult, but that become very rewarding once the person is involved.在此书中，我们鼓励人们勇于开拓新天地，看起来也许非常困难，但你一旦投入进去，就会得益匪浅。Unit 31. In the face of clear evidence to the contrary, Joe Frazier was unable to give up the notion that Marvis would succeed him as champion, that he would continue to hold the crown through his son.尽管事实清楚表明并非如此，但乔费雷泽还是坚信马维斯能继承他的衣钵成为冠军，他的荣耀能通过儿子继续下去。2. It is disturbing business, this drive for immortality, usually much more subtle than thrusting ones son naked into the ring.这种通常比硬把儿子推上拳台要微妙得多的对不朽的追求是一件令人苦恼的事。3. But I knew better. I knew now that if I insisted on staying, it would be his day that would be ruined so Dad could watch a ball game.但我还是比较明智，放弃了呆下去的念头，我很明白如果我坚持呆着不走，那他的一天就会因为爸爸想看球赛而过得十分扫兴。4. He was supposed to like the baseball game, not for his sake, but for mine, and I had gotten angry at him when he didnt measure up to my expectations.他应该为了我，而不是为了他自己喜欢这场棒球赛，当他辜负了我的期望的时候，我便对他生气了。Unit 41. It is the sound of the only lasting disagreement in a household that is otherwise peaceful.这是一个原本安宁的家庭中唯一持续不去的不和谐音。2. It leads to intimacy before acquaintance; it scatters secrets outwards, not inwards; and, most worrying of all, it is a vehicle for liars.它使人们还未相识就已亲近，它不能保守秘密反而扩散秘密，而最令人担心的是，它是撒谎人传播谎言的工具。3. I said, trying to be reasonable but not altogether succeeding, that in and among the things they “tell” each other on the tap-tap, a tendency to murder might just have been overlooked, might it not?我说，他们啪哒啪哒“讲”给互相听的事情中，杀人的倾向或许就被忽略了，难道这不可能吗？我说这话时尽量想做到通情达理，但不完全成功。4. Needless to say, it is a new version of the old tale of innocents calling forth evil forces they cannot control, this time in the form of a visitor with the ever-handy axe packed in his luggage.不用说，这又是一些无聊的人引出了邪恶的力量却不能控制的老故事的翻版，这一次的邪恶力量是以一位来客的面貌出现，但行李中却藏着斧头，随时可以拿出来杀人。Unit 51. I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it-repeating the process 14 times until, utterly spent, I would be through-I could then admit defeat and lie down and die.我觉得如果有一天我无法再抬起一只脚迈上一个台阶，再痛苦地拖起另一只脚将这个过程重复14遍，直到精疲力竭为止到那时我就会服从并会倒下死去。2. I believed that in this whole world I alone had been chosen to suffer.我认为在整个世界里，就我一个人被选中去受苦受难。3. In the next few frozen seconds the shame and horror of that moment penetrated, and I was sick with an intensity I had never felt before.刹那间，时间凝固了，我感到万分的羞愧和震惊。我从来没有这么难受过。4. I realized that I was filled to overflowing with self-pity, selfishness, and indifference to the needs of others.我意识到我的自艾自怜、自私，以及对他人需求的冷漠，已到了无可复加的地步。Unit 61. The though of answering other peoples telephones, typing other peoples work and watching other people take credit for my ideas and opinions would throw me into week-long bouts of depression.每当我想起给别人回电话、打字，看到我出的主意和见解却让别人受益时，常常整个星期都会闷闷不乐。2. How long could I live like this? Certainly not until I retired.这样的生活我能维持多久？肯定不会到我退休之时。3. I steeled myself to travel the road that would lead me to a better understanding of who I was and of what I wanted out of life.我坚定地走下去，这条路将使我更好地了解自己，更好地认清自己生活的目的。4. And its not so much the results of he action that have reshaped me (although thats important, too) as it is the realization that I have within myself what it takes to do what I set out to do.此外，给我带来新的生活的，与其说是自己努力取得的结果（虽然这也很重要），不如说是由于意识到自己具有潜在的能力可以做到自己想做的事。Unit 71. It is unparalleled in several ways: by the increasing number of users of the language; by its depth of penetration into societies; by its range of functions.这一过程在几个方面都是前所未有的：英语使用人数的不断增加，英语在不同社会渗透的深度，以及英语功用的广度。2. What began some 1500 years ago as a crude language spoken by little known German tribes who invaded England, now covers the globe.大约1500年前，英国还只是那些入侵英格兰的鲜为人知的日耳曼部落使用的一种粗俗的语言，如今它却遍及全球。3. With this technical and scientific dominance came the beginning of overall dominance by the language, first in Europe and then globally.随着它在科技领域主导地位的确立，英语首先是在欧洲，继而在全球开始取得全面的主导地位。4. While languages such as English, German, and French have been international languages because of their governments political power, this is less likely to be the case in the 21st century where economics and shifts in population will have more influence on languages.虽然英语、德语和法语这些语言曾经凭着各自政府的政治力量而成为国际语言，这种情况在经济和人口变化对语言的影响更大的21世纪不太可能发生。Unit 81. And so for the moment on this island we are witnesses to the beginning, as it were, of the pollution of our environment因此，目前在这个岛上，不妨说我们是环境开始受到污染的见证人2. Their livelihood is involved, and the motor, for all its unpleasant smell, has helped increase the fishermans catch so that he can now afford to do away with the far worse outdoor toilet.这关系到他们的生机，马达尽管气味令人讨厌，却帮助渔民增加了捕获量，因而他们就可以有钱去掉远比马达气味糟糕的户外厕所。3. If the oil is killing the life along the coral heads, what must is not be doing to the plankton at sea which provide 70of the oxygen we breathe?如果油污正在毁灭珊瑚礁顶部的生物，那它对于供给我们70呼吸所用氧气的海洋浮游生物还有什么影响不会产生呢？4. The technologythe machinewill then indeed have had its ultimate, mindless, all unintended triumph over man, by destroying the atmosphere he lives in just as surely as you can pinch off a divers breathing tube.那个时候，技术即机器便确实会像掐断潜水者的透气管一样毫不含糊地毁灭人类赖以生存的大气层，无意中不知不觉地取得击败人类的最终胜利。21世纪大学英语第二册Unit 11. 老伴60多岁中风（stroke）去世时，那位72岁的退休教授不胜悲痛。无人依靠的生活对他来说将是非常困难的。When his wife died of a stroke in her sixties, the 72-year-old retired professor was overwhelmed by grief. Life would be too difficult for him without anybody to rely on.2. 两位业余画家上个月在伦敦举行了一次个人画展。许多人前去参观，其中包括一些著名的专业画家。Last month two amateur painters held an exhibition of their pictures in London. Many people went to it, including a few celebrated professionals.3. 当20世纪80年代中期，7名宇航员（astronauts）在“挑战者”号的灾难中遇难，全世界一下子陷入了震惊与悲痛之中。When seven astronauts died in the Challenger disaster in the mid-1980s, it plunged the whole world into shock and grief.4. 在结束了其第二届首相任期之后，她仍积极参与政治事务。当政府遇到困难时，她屡次前来帮忙。After completing her second prime ministry, she remained actively involved in political affairs. She came to the rescue several times when the government was in the difficulty. 5. 大选失败之后，史密斯博士隐退到一个小村庄，在那里尝试耕作。After his failure in the election campaign, Dr. Smith retired to a small village, where he tried his hand at farming.6. 只要你一辈子不停地努力工作，你在回忆往事时就会感到心满意足的。As long as you keep working hard all your life, you will recall your past with a glow of satisfaction.7. 我们现在必须唤醒人们认识到环境保护的重要性。否则很快就为时太晚了。We must awaken people to the importance of environmental protection, or it will be too late.8. 那位官员卷入一件政治丑闻（scandal）而被撤职。如果早知会落到这般地步，他当初也许就会以不同的方式行事了。That official was removed from office for being involved in a political scandal. Had he known this would happen, he might have acted differently.Unit 21. 我们班女生占大多数。相比之下，他们的班级全由男生组成。Female students constitute the majority of our class. By contrast, their class is made up of males only.2. 美国孩子通常每天看三个小时电视，而中国孩子必须将放学后的大部分时间用于做家庭作业。American children can usually watch TV (for) three hours a day, whereas their Chinese counterparts have to work on their homework most of the time after school.3. 他开发的一系列新研究方法使他获得了巨大成功。他说这一切都得归功于他父母的鼓励。His development of a series of new research methods led to his great success. He said he owed all this to his parents encouragement.4. 讨论直接涉及他的未来，而他却被排斥在外，对此他表示愤慨。He resented being excluded from discussions that directly concerned his future.5. 这些问题连续不断地出现，这表明这台新仪器必须重新调试。The fact that these problems are continually showing up suggests that this new device has to be readjusted.6. 张华是近年来涌入美国一流大学的亚裔学生之一，他说他的许多思想都基于传统的中国哲学。As one of the many Asian students who have surged into the best American universities in recent years, Zhang Hua says that many of his ideas are based on the traditional Chinese philosophy.7. 首先，杨先生如此努力工作并非只是为了钱，他一心为了教育青年人并设法激励他们在各方面都取得进步。To start with, it is not merely money that makes Mr. Young work so hard. He is committed to educating the young and tries to motivate them to get ahead in life.8. 我们剩下的时间不多了，于是我们把车开得更快，希望能及时赶到机场。As time was running out, we drove even faster in hopes that we could make it to the airport in time.Unit31 当那份临时性的工作结束时，人家给乔治提供了一份永久性的（permanent）工作，他马上接受了。When this temporary job came to an end, George was offered a permanent job, which he accepted at once.2 为了确保他们在日本的合资企业盈利，那些美国公司比语言翻译来说更需要文化翻译。To ensure that their joint ventures in Japan are profitable, the Americans companies need cultural translation even more than language translators. 3 作为一名文化翻译，乔治渴望帮助那些就许许多多事情来向他请教的日方雇员，包括属于他专业知识范围之内和之外的问题。As a cultural translator, George was eager to help the Japanese employees who came to ask his advice on a great many matters, both within and outside of his field of expertise.4 乔治用某种方法说服美方经理接受了日方会计师的决定，从而缓解了两人之间的冲突。Somehow or other, George persuaded the American manager to go along with the Japanese accountants decision, thus smoothing over the conflict between the two.5 美方经理与日方经理之间的确有时会发生冲突和争论。但由于双方都很有见识进行妥协，才防止了这些冲突和争论激化为感情大战。Conflicts and arguments do arise at times between the American managers and their Japanese counterparts. But since both parties have the good sense to compromise, these conflicts are prevented from escalating into big emotional battles.6 所有日方雇员，包括人事经理在内，都很感激乔治在他们遇到众多的问题上所给予的经常帮助。All the Japanese employees, the personnel manager included, appreciated Georges frequent help with the multitude of problems they ran into.7 我的日语口语还不足以很好地表达我思想，所以如果我有时说了些愚蠢的话，请不要生气。My spoken Japanese is not good enough to express myself well. Please dont get offended if I sometimes say stupid things.8 张大夫对中医有精深的了解，英语也掌握得不错，所以他完全有资格培训前来中国学习中医的外国医生。With a solid understanding of traditional Chinese medicine and a good mastery of English, Dr. Zhang is highly qualified to train foreign doctors who have come to China to study Chinese medicine.Unit 41. 庇护孩子不让他们知道自己已经失败对于他们的成长和发展是绝对无益的。Protecting children from the knowledge that they have failed is anything but beneficial to their growth and development.2. 爱默生认为在失败和成功之间并无天壤之别。Emerson does not think there is a world of difference between success and failure.3. 一个成熟的人是一个善于把失败变为成功的人。A mature man is one who is good at turning failure into success.4. 她醉心于在溜冰方面取得的成功，从未对现实世界的挑战做好准备。She was so obsessed with becoming a success in ice-skating that she never prepared herself for the challenges of the real world.5. 当他得知自己的公司已经破产（go bankrupt）时，神经完全崩溃了。He suffered a complete nervous breakdown when he learned that his company had gone bankrupt.6. 史密斯先生在谈到他的成功时，往往夸大其词（exaggeration）。When talking about his success, Mr. Smith is very prone to exaggeration.7. 这家公司开始只卖收音机，但现在已扩大营业范围，销售电脑了。The company started by selling radios but now has branched out into selling computers as well.8. 事实上，失败并不是可怕的东西。一旦我们学会运用它，它就能对我们的成长和发展做出积极的贡献。In face, failure is nothing to be afraid. Once we learn how to use it, it can make a positive contribution to our growth and development.Unit51. 这所大学只提供给普里西拉一小笔贷款，余下的钱得靠她自己去筹划。The university offered Priscilla only a small loan and she had to come up with the rest of money herself.2. 凭着她在参观工作的微薄收入，玛丽几乎无法维持生活。因此，她已在所住的公寓大楼里找了一些清扫大楼的工作做。With the small income from her restaurant job, Mary could barely make (both) ends meet. Thats why she found some cleaning worm to do in the apartment building where she lived.3. 在头两个学期她经常熬夜学习，因为她知道必须在班上取得最高的平均积点分才有资格获得那份奖学金。In the first two semesters, she often stayed up late studying because she knew she had to get the highest GPA in her class to qualify for the scholarship.4. 任何人想在那家公司找到工作，即使没有博士学位，至少也得有个硕士学位，否则就不会被录用。Anyone who wants to find employment in/with that company must have at least a maters degree, if not a Ph. D. Otherwise he or she will not be accepted.5. 只要你全心全意地投身于学习，你终将会达到你成为一名考古学家的长远目标。Only if you threw yourself into your studies will you ultimately achieve your long-term goal of becoming an archaeologist.6. 在办公室里贝斯看上去一直很开心，脸上随时带着微笑。但在内心深处她已厌倦了做秘书。她想做点有创意的事情。In the office Beth always looked happy and had a ready smile. But deep down, she was tired of being a secretary. She wanted to do something more creative.7. 我父亲是来自墨西哥的农业季节工人。当我被华盛顿大学录取，成为我家上大学的第一人时，他高兴极了。A migrant farm laborer from Mexico, my father was overjoyed when I was accepted by the University of Washington and become the first person in my family to attend college.8. 普里西拉回忆起初艰苦奋斗年月时说，在工作和学习之间取得平衡是不容易的。When Priscilla looked back on her years of hard struggle, she said that it was no easy job to balance work and study.Unit 61. 专攻理论宇宙学的英国科学家史蒂芬霍金被公认为二十世纪末叶最伟大的天才。Stephen Hawking, a British scientist specializing in theoretical cosmology, has been proclaimed the greatest genius of the late 20 century.2. 每位出（release）一张新唱片，这位歌手总梦想着他能跻身电台的排行榜前十名之列。Every time he releases a new record, the singer dreams of its earning a place in the “top-ten” list on the radio.3. 位于伦敦西北的牛津大学以其学术成就而闻名遐迩。Located in the northwest of London, Oxford University is noted far and wide for its academic excellence.4. 作为一位智力超群的伟人，爱因斯坦使现代人对于时空有了全新的概念（responsible）。An intellectual giant, Einstein was responsible for modern mans new concept of time and space.5. 这项医学研究的目的在于找到医治遗传性血液疾病的新疗法，因为现在使用的药物不能治愈这些复杂的疾病。This medical research is aimed at finding new treatment for inherited blood diseases, because the drugs now in use cannot cure there complicated diseases.6. 今年是我校建校一百周年纪念。我校最初是一家私塾，现已成为一所理论研究见长的世界名牌大学。This year is the one hundredth anniversary of the founding of our university. A private school initially, it has now become a world-famous university specializing in theoretical research.7. 两年前，鲍勃对他餐馆经理的工作感到厌倦了；幸好他获得了一份州立大学的奖学金。Two years ago, Bob was feeling bored with his job as a restaurant manager. Luckily, he won a scholarship to the state university.8. 当被问及史蒂芬在大学时是什么样的学生时，当时任物理系系主任的怀特教授回忆道：“他给我的印象是个非常聪明的学生，具有一种对物理本能的洞察力。Asked what kind of student Stephen was at college, Prof. White, the then Chairman of the Physics Department, recalls, “He impressed me as a very bright student with an instinctive insight into physics.”Unit 71. 他在尝试制定促进思考艺术的新计划时脑子里闪过了一个绝妙的主意。A brilliant idea flashed into his mind while he was trying to formulate a new plan to promote the art of thinking.2. 不管你怎么看他，都没有理由怀疑他是蓄意造成这一骇人事故的。Regardless of what you may think of him, there is no reason to suspect him of bringing about this horrible accident deliberately.3. 他转过身来正好看见玛丽在聚会中途悄悄离去，因而感到非常不安。He turned round just in time to catch Mary sneaking off in the middle of the party, which greatly disturbed him.4. 他那些尖刻的话使我想起了他对足球教练的强烈不满。其实他们纯粹是来自偏见，并使他自己为大部分队友所疏远。His sharp words reminded me of the strong resentment he feels toward his soccer coach. Actually they come from pure prejudice and most of his teammates shun him for it.5. 现在整个书房归乔治独用了，他准备把沙发搬出去以腾出地方来放他的新书桌。Now that George has the whole study to himself, he is going to move the sofa out to make room for his new desk.6. 他对工作忽视太久了，别说一个星期，就是一个月也不可能赶完它。He has neglected his work for too long and it is impossible for him to catch up on it in a month, let alone in a week.7. 解决他的问题的最好办法是向精神病专家作些咨询。但如果他拒绝这种咨询怎么办？The best solution to his problem lies in seeing a psychiatrist for counseling. But what if he refuses such counseling.8. 虽然他声称是现实主义者，但他好像对他的公司资金正在且可能很快地就会陷入困境这一事实视而不见。While he claims to be a realist, he seems blind to the fact that his company is running out of funds and will be in serious trouble soon.Unit 81. 不成文的规定比成文的规定更有力地规范着我们的生活和行为。The unwritten rules govern our lives and behavior more strongly than the written ones.2. 在图书馆和教室里当你和某人交谈时你并不提高嗓门。事实上，我就从没见过任何人在那些地方大声尖叫过。When you are talking with someone in libraries and classroom, you do not raise your lungs in those places.3. 当他喊道“该死，西尔维亚”后发现拥挤在餐馆里的所有人都在惊讶地看着他时，他的脸涨得通红。He blushed when he found that everyone in the crowded restaurant was looking at him in surprise after he yelled, “Damn it, Sylvia.”4. 尽管比赛很激动人心，但坐在看台上的八万名观众却没有一人离开座位。正如鲍勃格林所说，那道无形的屏障一直是有效的。Regardless of the emotion of the contest, none of the 80,000 spectators sitting in the stands left their seats. Just as Bob Green says, the invisible barrier always holds.5. 每天早晨六点半，运动场上已挤满了跑步和做早操的学生。这本身就是一个充满希望的征兆，说明越来越多的学生已认识到身体好的重要性。By six thirty every morning, the playing field is already full of students jogging