生命科学前沿专题课程简介.doc

生命科学前沿专题课程简介Frontier special topics of life sciences一、课程编号：060346二、课程类型：限选课课程学时/学分：32/2适用专业：生物技术专业、中药专业先修课程：生命科学专业基础课程及部分专业课程三、内容简介：本门课程为生物技术专业的限选课程，由教学部具丰富教学和科研经验的教师共同承担。主要介绍生命科学研究的重要及热点领域，了解相关研究的基本原理、基本方法、研究现状和研究进展等。通过该门课程的学习，将使学生了解到有关生命科学前沿的研究现状及研究进展，扩大同学们的知识眼界、开扩其思路，从而领悟出生命科学的发展前景和巨大魅力，树立良好的科学观和专业使命观。该门课程主要涉及的内容有程序性细胞死亡、癌基因与肿瘤、RNA干涉、small RNA、高等植物对环境胁迫的生理及生化应答、基因复制、新基因的起源及基因组学等生命科学的前沿。四、选用教材：自编讲义生命科学前沿专题（英文）课程教学大纲一、课程编号：060346二、课程类型：限选课课程学时32（其中，理论教学学时/学分32/2）：适用专业：生物技术专业、中药专业先修课程：生命科学专业基础课程及部分专业课程三、课程性质与任务本门课程为生物技术专业的限选课程，由教学部具丰富教学和科研经验的教师共同承担。主要介绍各相关专业研究方向的基本原理、基本方法、研究现状和研究进展等。通过该门课程的学习，将使学生了解到有关生命科学前沿的研究现状及研究进展，扩大同学们的知识眼界、开扩其思路，从而领悟出生命科学的发展前景和巨大魅力，树立良好的科学观和专业使命观。四、教学主要内容及学时分配Lecture 1 Programmed Cell Death . 教学内容The current state of knowledge regarding PCD will be discussed to provide an understanding of how death, at the appropriate time and place, can in fact be an essential part of life.重点及要求Students should make clear what is PCD and apoptosis, and its hallmark; what happen during senescence and the meaning of apoptosis, so as to have a better understanding of the death of specific sets of cells is an essential part of the growth and development of many eukaryotic organisms.教学学时 2学时Lecture 2: Oncogenes and Cancer. 教学内容2.1 Introduction 2.11 Tumor cell ； 2.12 The relationship between gene and cancer.2.2 Oncogenes2.3 Tumor suppressors重点及要求1.Students should know that a tumor cell is distinguished from a normal cell and relationship between gene and cancer；2.Understand kinds of oncogenes and their function, especially ras；3.Understand structure and function of tumor suppressors,Rb and p53.教学学时 6学时Lecture 3: RNA interference and the use of small interfering RNA to study gene function in mammalian systems教学内容3.1 The cell biology of the RNAi pathway and Gene inhibition due to microRNAs (miRNA)3.2 Developing RNAi for use in mammalian cells and cell-type dependence on the efficiency and specificity of siRNA after transient or vector-based delivery重点及要求1. Understand the cell biology of the RNAi pathway2. The use of siRNAs and shRNAs in mammalian system教学学时 4学时Lecture 4 Small RNAs:Classification,Biogenesis, and Function教学内容4.1 Classification of small RNAs and Action mechanisms of small RNAs4.2 Different classes of small RNAs and divergence and convergence of pathways in different organisms重点及要求1.Action mechanisms of small RNAs2.The biogenesis of different classes of small RNAs教学学时 4学时Lecture 5 The Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Higher Plants to Environmental Stresses教学内容4.1. Background; Introduction; Abstract4.2. A General Model for Stress Signal Transduction Pathways in Higher Plants4.3. Multiplicity of Higher Plant Stress Signals and Complexity in terms of Sensing to Environment; Functional Analysis of Stress Signal Transduction and Related Stress-responsive Genes4.4. Classification of Stress Signaling Pathways; Concluding Remarks; Examples in Genetic Engineering related to the ISSUE in Question重点及要求1. Having a good master of Some Specific Vocabulary, Concept of Stresses, Current Status of this Topic In Modern Plant Biology on the hot Globe2. Knowing about the importance of signal transduction and related modes3. Well informed of complexity of stress signal transduction and stress-responsive genes4. Realizing the common existence of Signal Transduction and Multiplicity; being clear that related frontier advances and partial successful examples in Genetic Engineering in relation to this Aspect教学学时 8学时Lecture 6 Gene duplication: the model and the function divergence in the next step.教学内容Ohnos hypothesis of two-rounds of genome duplication1 in early vertebrates has recently become widely accepted because it seems to explain why vertebrates have four HOX gene clusters whereas invertebrates have only one. The impact of this pattern of duplication on vertebrate development has been extensively discussed.重点及要求The human genome sequence contains no conclusive evidence for two-round duplications: for example, no pervasive duplicated chromosome blocks as are seen in yeast or Arabidopsis thaliana. Although these phenomena can be explained as being the consequence of rapid chromosome rearrangements and gene losses after genome duplications, this raises the question of whether large-scale duplication(s) occurred in the early stages of vertebrate evolution.教学学时 2学时Lecture 7 The origin of new genes: glimpses from the young and old.教学内容The study of ancient genes has highlighted the antiquity and general importance of some mechanisms of gene origination, and recent observations of young genes at early stages in their evolution have unveiled unexpected molecular and evolutionary processes.重点及要求There are several mechanisms related on the generation of new genes. Genome data have revealed great variation in the numbers of genes in different organisms, which indicates that there is a fundamental process of genome evolution: the origin of new genes. However, there has been little opportunity to explore how genes with new functions originate and evolve.教学学时 2学时Lecture 8 MicroRNA: small RNAs with a big role in regulation.教学内容MicroRNAs are a family of small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression in a sequence-specific manner. The two founding members of the microRNA family were originally identified in Caenorhabditis elegans as genes that were required for the timed regulation of developmental events.重点及要求Hundreds of microRNAs have been identified in almost all metazoan genomes, including worms, flies, plants and mammals. MicroRNAs have diverse expression patterns and might regulate various developmental and physiological processes. Their discovery adds a new dimension to our understanding of complex gene regulatory networks.教学学时 2学时Lecture 9 Genomics: a review based on two model spicies.教学内容The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. Rice is the most important crop for human consumption, and also a research model of cereal and monocot grass plant .重点及要求Notably, the human genome seem