江苏南京盐城两市2015高三一模考试英语试卷 Word版含解析.doc

江苏南京盐城两市2015届高三一模考试英语试卷（带解析）一、单选题（共15小题）1The scientist does not study nature _ it is useful to do so. He studies it because he takes pleasure in it.Auntil-BthoughCbecause-DUnless2Mom！Jack has broken a cup！Doesnt matter. Accidents _ happen.Ashould-Bmust-Cwill-DShall3Home is _ somebody notices when you are no longer there.Athat-Bwhen-Chow-Dwhere4 Could you please explain the assignment for Monday, Miss Smith？ Certainly. Read the next chapter and come to class _ to discuss what youve read.Apreparing-BpreparedCto prepare-Dto be prepared5They eat only plant foods, and take care to _ animal products from other areas of their livesAcontain-BmaintainCexclude-DInclude6 Did you stay at the party until the very end last night？ No，I left as early as was _ with politenessAcontent-BconsistentCpatient-DPermanent7Believe it or not，your ship isnt quite sunk，as there are some ways to _ a new career even if its something youve never done beforeAburst into-Bget throughCbreak into-Dcomb through8Maury Brown of Forbes reports that Major League Baseballs annual _ for 2014 will top $9 billionAallowances-BrevenuesCrates-DAccounts9 Alan seems a lot taller than when I last saw him He _Hes grown a foot since you saw him in ShanghaiAis-Bwill beChas been-DWas10Personal space is the region surrounding a person _ they regard as psychologically theirsAwho-Bwhere-Cwhen-DWhich11On two occasions he was accused of stealing money from the company，but in neither case _ any evidence to support the claimsAwas there-Bthere wasChad there been-Dthere had been12A great deal of hotel business comes from people travelling not just for holidays but by people travelling _ their business activitiesAin harmony with-Bin conflict withCby order of-Dby virtue of13You are not _ to unemployment benefit if you have never workedAaccustomed-BresignedCentitled-DSubmitted14We guarantee that all your personal information will be treated _ and there should be no fear at all of identity theftAinitially-BindependentlyCconfidently-DConfidentially15 I cant bear the air pollution in this city anymoreIt is getting worse and worse _！Weve never had so many chemical factories beforeAI wouldnt bet on it-BYou said itCKeep it up-DCome off it二、完形填空（共1小题）16.Everyone enjoys a fitting reply; it is wonderful to say the right thing at the right time！When I was a senior in high school，I_1_knew I wanted to pursue writing as a careerWriting had basically_2_me when I was only 7 years old，_3_since that time，Id been bombarded by guidance counselors and career planners who all_4_me to have “a back-up plan” in case writing didnt work outId never even_5_a different career path，so I was very_6_and worriedAfter much thought，I decided_7_would be my “back-up plan,”and I signed up for a class through my high schoolThis_8_that every morning，I would serve as a teachers helper for my favorite 6th grade teacher，MrRalstonMorning after morning，I showed up in MrRalstons classroom and_9_papers for himSometimes，I even_10_a lesson or twoIt was fun，and the students seemed to like me，so I was surprised when it came time for my_11_MrRalston looked me right in the eyes and asked，“Do you really want to teach？”“Had I really been that_12_？” I thought“Dont misunderstandYoull do fine in teaching,”he continued“But，is your_13_really in it？”“Not really,” I_14_“I want to writeI want to write news stories and fiction and poetry and so much morebut Ive been told its tough to make it as a writer_15_I thought maybe I would teach and then use my summers_16_to pursue writing”As I shared with MrRalston my hopes，dreams and carefully plotted-out back-up plan，he smiled and said，“Why are you preparing to_17_with this back-up plan？If you want to be a writer，go for it！Pursue writing！”MrRalstons_18_to follow my dreams was the little nudge I needed to help me push past my_19_of not making it as a writer and simply “Go for it！”Thats what an encouraging word will do when spoken in love in_20_seasonSo，lets try and be like MrRalston and speak that word of encouragement at just the right time and make a difference in someones life today1Aeven Bnever Calready Dalso2Areminded Bentertained Caccompanied Dchosen3Aor Band Cfor Dbut4Aurged Bforced Ctaught Dpersuaded5Acreated Btaken Cconsidered Dexamined6Aembarrassed Bconfused Cannoyed Dfrightened7Awriting Bteaching Cstudying Dcompiling8Ameant Bindicated Csuggested Drevealed9Aread Bset Cgraded Dcomposed10Areviewed Bskipped Ctook Dpresented11Aapplication Bevaluation Cinstruction Dqualification12Atransparent Bshallow Csuperior Dambitious13Aeye Bmind Cheart Dfocus14Ainterrupted Bjoked Cadmitted Dapologized15Aunless Bif Cbecause Dso16Aup Bapart Calong Doff17Afail Bfollow Cdepart Dcompete18Aencouragement Bdetermination Ctendency Dattempt19Adreams Bfears Cregrets Dmistakes20Apeak Blow Cdue DNew三、阅读理解（共5小题）17.1Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？AThe voyage through the wormhole is a considerable challengeBA team of crime-fighters uncovers a criminal plot in Big HeroCPresident Coin pushes Katniss to protest PeetaDPenguins have to wrestle with problems in District 132The similarity that exists in the four films is that _Aeach of them is a branch of film seriesBall of them are concerned with positive energyCthey all have the best actors and actresses in the worldDthe four films all have something to do with exploration18.According to figures released by the Office for National Statistics (ONS)，the UKhas about 77 million families with dependent children，of which 37 million have just one child，compared to 3 million with two and 11 million with three children or moreThe number of families today with just one dependent child is now 47 percent and will likely rise to more than 50 percent in a decadeAs the ONS confirms，“It appears that families are getting smaller”One obvious reason for this could be that women are putting off having children until they have established careers when they are bound to be less fertileBut it could just as well be a matter of choiceParents must consider the rising cost of living，combined with economic uncertainty and an increasingly difficult job marketAnd this trend may continue growing as having an only child becomes more normal，which seems to be the mood on the mothers online forum Mumsnet，where one member announced that she “just wanted to start a positive thread about how fab it is to have an only child”She had received 231 replies，overwhelmingly in the same upbeat spiritParents of only children insist there are plenty of benefitsNicola Kelly，a writer and lecturer who grew up as an only child and is now a married mother of one，says her 15-year-old son seems more grown-up in many ways than his contemporariesNot all products of single-child families are as keen to repeat the experienceIn a moving recent account journalist Janice Turner wrote about her own keenness to “squeeze out two sons just 22 months apart”as a reaction to her only-child upbringingShe was placed on a pedestal by her doting parents，whom she punished with a “brattish，wilful” rejection of everything they stood forDesperate for a close friend she was repeatedly shattered by rejection and refers to her childhood as being “misery”Writer and clinician DrDorothy Rowe，a member of the British Psychological Society，says that we all interpret events in our own individual way and there are some children who no matter what their circumstances feel slighted，while other children see the advantages of their situationHowever，the one part of life that is unlikely to get any easier for only children is when they grow up and find themselves looking after their own parents as they become older1The passage is written with the purpose of _Aillustrating the strength and weakness of having an only childBanalyzing the reasons why having an only child becomes popularCpresenting us with different opinions about having an only childDguiding people to look at the same issue from different perspectives2What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean？ANearly half of families intend to have just one childBAll people dont stand for the idea of having an only childCSome people fail to recognize the advantage of having an only childDPeople brought up in an only child family resist downsizing the family3From what DrDorothy Rowe said，we know that _Ajournalist Janice Turner experienced a miserable childhoodBshe has a positive attitude towards Janice Turners reactionCits necessary for us to look at the event from our own angleDsome are unable to make an objective assessment of their conditions4What can be inferred from the passage？AIts normal to see the imperfection in character in only childrenBMumsnet is an online forum which promotes having an only childCEconomic development plays a determining role in the family sizeDOnly children will have difficulty in attending to their parents19.Exercise seems to be good for the human brain，with many recent studies suggesting that regular exercise improves memory and thinking skillsBut an interesting new study asks whether the apparent cognitive benefits from exercise are real or just a placebo effect that is，if we think we will be “smarter” after exercise，do our brains respond accordingly？The answer has significant implications for any of us hoping to use exercise to keep our minds sharp throughout our livesWhile many studies suggest that exercise may have cognitive benefits，recently some scientists have begun to question whether the apparently beneficial effects of exercise on thinking might be a placebo effectSo researchers at Florida State University in Tallahassee and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign decided to focus on expectations，on what people anticipate that exercise will do for thinkingIf peoples expectations jibe (吻合) closely with the actual benefits，then at least some of those improvements are probably a result of the placebo effect and not of exerciseFor the new study，which was published last month in PLOS One，the researchers recruited 171 people through an online survey system，they asked half of these volunteers to estimate by how much a stretching and toning regimens (拉伸运动) performed three times a week might improve various measures of thinkingThe other volunteers were asked the same questions，but about a regular walking programIn actual experiments，stretching and toning program generally have little if any impact on peoples cognitive skillsWalking，on the other hand，seems to substantially improve thinking abilityBut the survey respondents believed the opposite，estimating that the stretching and toning program would be more beneficial for the mind than walkingThe estimates of benefits from walking were lowerThese data，while they do not involve any actual exercise，are good news for people who do exercise“The results from our study suggest that the benefits of aerobic exercise are not a placebo effect,” said Cary Stothart，a graduate student in cognitive psychology at Florida State University，who led the studyIf expectations had been driving the improvements in cognition seen in studies after exercise，MrStothart said，then people should have expected walking to be more beneficial for thinking than stretchingThey didnt，implying that the changes in the brain and thinking after exercise are physiologically genuineThe findings are strong enough to suggest that exercise really does change the brain and may，in the process，improve thinking，MrStothart saidThat conclusion should encourage scientists to look even more closely into how，at a molecular level，exercise remodels the human brain，he saidIt also should encourage the rest of us to move，since the benefits are，it seems，not imaginary，even if they are in our head1Which of the following about the placebo effect is TRUE according to the passage？AIt occurs during exerciseBIt has cognitive benefitsCIt is just a mental reactionDIt is a physiological response2Why did the researchers at the two universities conduct the research？ATo discover the placebo effect in the exerciseBTo prove the previous studies have a big drawbackCTo test whether exercise can really improve cognitionDTo encourage more scientists to get involved in the research3What can we know about the research Cary Stothart and his team carried out？AThey employed 171 people to take part in the actual exerciseBThe result of the research removed the recent doubt of some scientistsCThe participants thought walking had a greater impact on thinking abilityDTheir conclusion drives scientists to do research on the placebo effect4What might be the best title for the passage？AIs it necessary for us to take exercise？BHow should people exercise properly？CWhat makes us smarter during exercise？DDoes exercise really make us smarter？20.Mum，its meHopefully，this Mothering Sunday you will get to hear those three wordsI will，of course，try to phone youI hope we will be able to speak for the allowed 10 minutesBut I suspect many inmates will be using the phone，so if I dont call and if we dont speak，then this is what I would have said：Its not your fault that I am hereI know that deep in your heart you have questioned whether my current circumstance is somehow your fault，if the reckless stupidity of my past is somehow a failure on your partIt is notOnly one person is to blame，only one person should hurt meYou have always taught me that when the room goes dark，you can wait for the lights to be switched back on or you can search in the dark and turn the light on yourselfYou are my lightYou always have been and always will beThere is nobody I admire more，nobody I have strived harder to please in my life，which is why my current failure hurts me so muchI am so sorry that I will not be there to see you，but I want you to know that now，as always，you are here with meIn my darkest hours，and in the coldest loneliness of my past few months，my mind has so often wandered to the past，to when it was you and me and I have been able to smileYours is the strength that I draw uponA parents job is to make sure that they pass on the best of themselves to their childrenYou have done thatIt is the inner you in me that will get me through thisI have failed you so epically，but you have never failed meIf I think back to the tears I shed when Dad left，all those years ago，I see you through their misty glazeYou holding me and you telling me wed be OK，and we will beWe are and always will be the best teamChildhood heroes such as footballers，actors and rock stars are clichdIf the jobs done right，a childs heroes should be their parents you are mineThe strength you showed after the divorce from Dad to find your biological parents，to go to university and get your teaching qualifications，to begin your life again，is the strength that I draw on nowIt is the belief in myself，it is the belief you have in me，that tells me that once I am released I can and will rebuild my lifeI will make you proud againI will make you happy to have me as your sonYours is the will that gets me through every dayI dont believe you can judge a person for the mistakes they make，as we all make them，but you can judge them for what they do afterwardsAnd after this，when it is all over，you will still have a son with the same hopes and dreamsThey have not diminishedIf you can dream it，then you have to believe it can happen right？So this Mothering Sunday，please think back to that morning in the 80s，the first Mothers Day without Dad，when a six-year-old me got up early and made breakfast for youDo you remember it？Could you ever forget？A slice of bread a doorstep thick and a wedge of cheese equally denseYou didnt have to eat it，but you did，chewing every dry mouthfulI know now why you forced yourself because it had been made with loveWell，things dont change this year this letter is that bread and cheese (it sure has plenty of the cheese！)I love you so muchI am sorry I have let you down，but you have taught me that we will always pick ourselves up and become better than we were beforeThank you for everything and this year，more than ever：Happy Mothering SundayLove，your son1According to the passage，what made the author most upset at present？ALosing his freedom temporarilyBBeing unable to phone his motherCFailing to live up to his mothers expecta