江苏省苏大附中高三英语暑期自主学习讲义6(1).doc

江苏省苏大附中高三英语暑期自主学习讲义6【知识梳理】 一、动词时态、语态小贴士时态 (一) 现在进行时用法注意点：1.状态性动词不用进行时态，包括（1）be和have,或者含有be 和have意义的动词，如：belong to, contain, depend on, own, possess等；（2）feel, sound, smell, taste等连系动词；（3）hear, see, find等表示结果的动词；（4）表示心理或情感状态的动词，如：believe, love, want, understand, wish等；2.进行时态和副词always, forever等连用时，往往带有一定的感情色彩，如赞扬、批评、不满、抱怨等；3.时刻表 the plane takes off at 3 ocolck this afternoon. (二) 一般过去时与过去进行时的区别：1.过去进行时表示动作的未完成性、持续性，着眼于动作的过程；一般过去时表示动作的完成，即动作发生过，且已结束，着眼于结果；如：she was writing a report last night and i dont know if she has finished it.(表示昨晚一直在写)she wrote a report last night.（表示昨晚写了，并且写好了）2.过去进行时与always, forever等词连用表示一定的感情色彩； he was always throwing things about. (表示不满或讨厌)3.过去进行时课表过去将来：(三) 将来进行时与将来完成时：1.将来进行时表示将来某一时刻发生的动作，结构为：will / shall be doing2.将来完成时表示到将来某时刻某动作已发生，结构为：will / shall have done,时间状语为：by+表将来时间的词语；如：ill be climbing the mountain this time the day after tomorrow.by the time he graduates from the college, he will have learned three foreign languages.(四) 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别1.现在完成时表示延续到现在； 一般过去时表示过去了的动作或状态（1） has your father returned from africa yet? yes, but he _ (be) here for only three days before his company sent him to australia.（2 his first novel _(receive) good reviews since it came out last month. 2.现在完成时强调对现在的影响; 一般过去时不提及对现在的影响.(1) kevin, are you coming with us? id love to, but something unexpected_(come up).(2) bob has gone to california. oh, can you tell me when he _ (leave)?附送黄金句型： its the best coffee i have ever had before! this is the most beautiful place ive ever seen. it is the first time he has lost a game.its the second time you have arrived late this week.(五) 现在完成时及过去完成时的用法注意点：1.瞬间性动词与延续性动词的正确使用：与how long, for, since等表示一段时间的状语连用时须用延续性动词，如：buy-have, keep-borrow, die-be dead, marry-be married, begin-be on, begin to know-know等；2.注意have / had been to与have/ had gone to的区别；3.现在完成时用在时间、条件等状语从句中，表示从句中的动作在主句动作前完成，如：if it has stopped snowing in the morning, well go to the park.4.by+过去时间状语用过去完成时；5.有些动词的过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望，这类动词为：think, plan, mean, intend, hope, expect, suppose等；i had intended to visit you yesterday, but the rain prevented me. (七) 某些固定句型中时态是固定的：1.this / that / it is the first time +从句（用现在完成时）2.its / has been +一段时间+since从句（用过去时）3.hardly / no sooner had sb. done when / than +从句（用过去时）4.it will be +一段时间+before从句（用一般现在时）/ it was +一段时间+before从句（用过去时）5. its time+从句（用过去时或should do）6.would rather+从句（用一般过去时/过去完成时）如：its getting late. id rather you took a taxi there.the film was boring. id rather i hadnt gone to see it.语态1.动词sell, write, read, open, lock, shut, wear, wash, keep, cook, cut, burn, run等与well, smoothly, easily等连用时，说明主语内在的“性能”“特点”，用主动代替被动；2.表示状态特征的连系动词如smell, taste, feel, sound, look, prove等用主动语态表示被动意义；3.不及物动词及一些固定短语不能用被动语态：come up, run out（用完）, give out（耗尽）, go out（熄灭）, come out（出版）, come to light, belong to, break out, lose heart, die out, own, have, possess, happen, occur等；4.当want, require, need作“需要”解，后接doing/ to be done作宾语，此时动词do与主语为动宾关系；5.be worth后接doing作宾语，用主动形式表示被动意义；6.不定式to let（出租）, to blame（该受责备）表示被动意义；7.在“主语+be+形容词（for sb.）+to do”结构中，to do用主动形式；8.在“主语+谓语+宾语（名词）+动词不定式to do（作定语修饰前面的名词，且为动宾关系；主语与to do为主谓关系时，此动词不定式用主动形式；如：i have a meeting to attend.【巩固训练】一、单项选择1. could i use your car tomorrow morning? (2013 江苏) sure. i _ a report at home. a. will be writing b. will have written c. have written d. have been written2. what about your self-drive trip yesterday? (2013 江苏) tiring! the road is being widened, and we _ a rough ride. a. had b. have c. would have d. have had3. we _ very early so we packed the night before.（2013课标ii） a. leave b. had left c. were leaving d. have left4. i took a photo of you just now. really? i _ with attention. a. didnt look b. wasnt looking c. am not looking d. havent looked5. food supplies in the flood- stricken area_. we must act immediately before theres none left.(2012 重庆) a. have run out b. are running out c. have been run out d. are being run out 6. why, jack, you look so tired! well, i _ the house and i must finish the work tomorrow. (2010 江苏) a. was painting b. will be painting c. have painted d. have been painting7. hi, torry, can i use your computer for a while this afternoon? sorry. _.（2009 江苏） a. its repaired b. it has been repaired c. its being repaired d. it had been repaired8. the place caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building _ now.(2012 重庆) a. remains b. is remained c. is remaining d. has been remained 9. the shop assistant promised me that the material _ and what she said _ to be true. a. would be dried easily ; was proved b. will be dried easily; was proved c. dried easily; proved d. was dried easily; proved10. you _exercises at your desk! why not take some exercise? a. always do b. are always doing c. have always done d. have always been doing11. you should have told him the date earlier. i_, but he forgot about it. a. did b. have c. had d. should have12. toms wife took the place of him to attend the conference. i would rather tom _ there, not his wife. a. had been b. have been c. was d. went13. the population of jiangsu _ to more than twice what it was in 1949. the figure is now approaching 74 million.(2009 江苏) a. has grown b. have grown c. grew d. are growing 14. the discovery of gold in australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _.(2010 课标全国) a. is made b. would make c. was to be made d. had made15. to get a better grade, you should _ the notes again before the test. a. go over b. get over c. turn over d. take over 16. didnt you have a good time at the party? of course i did. as a matter of fact, i had such fun that time seemed to_ so quickly. （2007安徽） a. go by b. go away c. go out d. go over17. could i use your computer for a few moments, please?_. im not using it myself.（2007陕西） a. come on b. it depends c. go ahead d. thats great18. the light bulb, invented by edison in 1879, is about to disappear from our lives, _ to more energy-efficient lighting.(2012 江苏南京二模) a. giving way b. making way c. giving hope d. making room 19. you must _ your projects by the end of next week. a. hand in b. give in c. take in d. cut in20. she resigned and _ one of her younger colleagues. a. handed over to b. took over c. look over d. go over二、动词词组勤归纳give词组 give away赠送，泄露 give back归还，恢复 give in屈服, give off放出，发出 give out放出，分发，筋疲力尽 give up放弃21. the gas _ an unpleasant smell.22. the teacher _ the examination papers.23. ive _ smoking.24. he _ most of his fortune to the poor.25. i hope the holiday will _ him _ his good spirits.26. he has _ my views. 27. the swimmer _ after ten laps.28. they suspected that the secret had been _ by one of their friends.go词组go against违背 go ahead继续，做吧 go back to追溯到go by流逝，过去 go in for报名参加 go on 继续go over复习 go with与相配 go out (灯火等)熄灭29. but if you _ nature and do things at the wrong time of the year, you will have to do more work and the results will not be so good.30. as time_, my memory seems to get worse.31. -may i start? -yes, _.32. he doesnt _ team games.33. he always likes to _ his younger days.34. nobody noticed the thief slipped into the house because the lights happened to _.35. _your work before you hand it in.36. why not buy some english tapes and some books to _ them.hand词组hand down传下来，传给 hand in上交，递交 hand on传递，转交hand out发给，散发 hand over移交37. in the early days, news was _ from one person to another.38. the thief was _ to the police.39. this custom has been _since the 18th century.40. the teacher _ the books at the beginning of the lesson.41. he finally _ his responsibility for the company last year.42. i want you both to _ your exercise book today.三、主题式翻译助写作43.公益广告(psas) 往往是免费投放的，其目的是就健康、安全或者其他影响到公众利益的问题对老百姓进行教育。( be intended to/be meant to ) _44.商业广告是一种人们为了推销商品或服务而花钱做的广告。(promote) _45.对于选择广告很重要的是要始终迎合受众的口味。(appeal to )_46. 遗憾的是，很多人都没有意识到受广告的骗了。( be aware of ; fall for ) _47. 公益广告为让我们过更好的生活做出重要贡献。(make contributions to ) _【能力拓展】四、完形填空i had worried myself sick over simons mother coming to see me. i was a new 48 , and i gave an honest account of the students work. in simons case, the grades were awfully low. he couldnt read his own handwriting. 49 he was a bright student. he discussed adult subjects with nearly adult comprehension. his work in no way reflected his 50 .so when simons mother entered the room, my palms(手掌心) were sweating. i was completely 51 for her lips on both my cheeks. “i came to thank you,” she said, surprising me beyond speech. 52 me, simon had become a different person. he talked of how he 53 me, he had began to make friends, and for the first time in his twelve years, he had 54 spent an afternoon at a friends house. she wanted to tell me how grateful she was for the 55 i had nurtured(培养) in her son. she kissed me again and left. i sat, stunned (惊呆), for about half an hour, 56 what had just happened. how did i make such a life-changing difference to that boy without 57 knowing it? what i finally came to 58 was one day, several months before, when some students were 59 reports in the front of the class, jeanne spoke 60 , and to encourage her to raise her voice, i had said, “speak up. simons the expert on this. he is the 61 one you have to convince, and he cant hear you in the 62 of the room.” that was it. from that day on, simon had sat up straighter, paid more attention, 63 more, and became happy. and it was all because he 64 to be the last kid in the last row. the boy who most needed 65 was the one who took the last seat that day.it taught me the most 66 lesson over the years of my teaching career, and im thankful that it came 67 and positively. a small kindness can indeed make a difference.48. a. cleaner b. reporter c. monitor d. teacher 49. a. or b. and c. but d. so 50. a. courage b. abilities c. feelings d. dream51. a. desperate b. responsiblec. unprepared d. unsuitable52. a. because of b. in spite of c. apart from d. as for 53. a. loved b. envied c. pleased d. criticized54. a. gradually b. constantly c. recently d. obviously55. a. self-respectb. self-doubtc. self-pityd. self-defence56. a. imagining b. observingc. wonderingd. regretting 57. a. also b. even c. always d. still 58. a. expect b. remember c. believe d. accept59. a. writingb. reviewing c. editing d. giving 60. a. quietly b. repeatedlyc. quickly d. firmly61. a. lucky b. lonely c. only d. likely 62. a. entrance b. middle c. front d. back 63. a. slept b. smiled c. shouted d. quarreled64. a. intendedb. pretendedc. refusedd. happened65. a. change b. praise c. thanks d. visits 66. a. difficult b. painfulc. valuabled. enjoyable 67. a. early b. slowly c. frequently d. occasionally五、阅读理解a one morning, anns neighbor tracy found a lost dog wandering around the local elementary school. she asked ann if she could keep an eye on the dog. ann said that she could watch it only for the day. tracy took photos of the dog and printed off 400 found fliers（传单）, and put them in mailboxes. meanwhile, ann went to the dollar store and bought some pet supplies, warning her two sons not to fall in love with the dog. at the time, anns son thomas was 10 years old, and jack, who was recovering from a heart operation, was 21 years old. four days later ann was still looking after the dog, whom they had started to call riley. when she arrived home from work, the dog threw itself against the screen door and barked madly at her. as soon as she opened the door, riley dashed into the boys room where ann found jack suffering from a heart attack. riley ran over to jack, but as soon as ann bent over to help him the dog went silent. “if it hadnt come to get me, the doctor said jack would have died,” ann reported to a local newspaper. at this point, no one had called to claim the dog, so ann decided to keep it. the next morning tracy got a call. a man named peter recognized his lost dog and called the number on the flier. tracy started crying, and told him, “that dog saved my friends son.” peter drove to anns house to pick up his dog, and saw thomas and jack crying in the window. after a few moments peter said, “maybe odie was supposed to find you, maybe you should keep it.” 68. what did tracy do after finding the dog? a. she looked for its owner b. she gave it to ann as a gift. c. she sold it to the dollar store. d. she bought some food for it. 69. how did the dog help save jack? a. by breaking the door for ann. b. by leading ann to jacks room. c. by dragging jack out of the room. d. by attending jack when ann was out. 70. what was anns attitude to the dog according to paragraph 4? a. sympathetic b. doubtful c. tolerant d. grateful 71. what can we infer about the dog from the last paragraph? a. it would be given to odie. b. it would be kept by ann family. c. it would be returned to peter. d. it would be taken away by tracy. 72. for what purpose did peter call tracy? (no more than 7 words ) _. belizabeth freeman was born about 1742 to african american parents who were slaves. at the age of six months she was acquired, along with her sister, by john ashley, a wealthy massachusetts slaveholders. she became known as “mumbet” or “mum bett.” for nearly 30 years mumbet served the ashley family. one day, ashleys wife tried to strike mumbets sister with a spade. mumbet protected her sister and took the blow instead. furious, she left the house and refused to come back. when the ashleys tried to make her return, mumbet consulted a lawyer, theodore sedgewick. with his help, mumbet sued(起诉) for her freedom. while serving the ashleys, mumbet had listened to many discussions of the new massachusetts constitution. if the constitution said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply