专四语法练习.doc

Ex251. My daughter is quite well now. _ a slight headache.A) besides B) except C) beside D) except for 1. D）besides意为“除之外”，即“除了之外，其余的人或物也”，如：He has other people to take care of besides me除了我之外还有别人需要他照顾。A）在此处显然不合适。beside意为“在旁边”，也不会题意。except用于前后同一类的词类，如：He answered all the questions except the last one他解答了除最后一个问题以外的所有问题。而except for表示在对整体肯定的基础上，对某些细节进行修正，通常用于前后不同类的词类，如：The composition was well written except for a few spelling mistakes作文写得不错，就是有几处拼写错误。因为 my daughter和 headache不属于同类词，故D）为惟一正确答案。2. My father went to New York) the doctor suggested that he _ there.A) not to go B) hadnt gone C) not go D) wouldnt go 2C）在与advise，ask，beg，decide，demand，deserve，desire，insist，intend，maintain，move，order，propose，recommend，request，suggest，urge 等表示意见、建议、命令、请求、劝告、愿望、需要等含义的动词相关的名词性从句中，谓语要使用“should十动词原形”结构，should可以省略,如： Tom suggested that the work（should） be finished first汤姆建议必须先把工作做完。可见C）为正确答案。3. My friend does one thing one day and just the _the next. His behavior is inconsistent. A) other B) alternative C) negative D) opposite 3 D）opposite意为“对立面；对立物”，例如：You are warmhearted; he is just the opposite你很热情，而他却恰恰相反。other意为“别的，其他的”，例如：He enjoys spending other peoples money他喜欢花别人的钱。alternative意为“供选择的东西”，例如：There is no alternative but to yield别无选择，只有放弃。negative意为“否定的，否认的”，例如：The teacher gave me a negative evaluation老师给我以否定的评价。4. My sisters professor had her _ her paper many times before allowing her to present it to the committee. A) rewritten B) to rewrite C) rewrite D) rewriting 4C）该题考查动词have的搭配用法。have后面既可用不带to的动词不定式作宾补，又可因现在分词作宾补，还可用过去分词作宾补，但意义不同，如：I had him fill out a form我叫他填了一张表（不带to的动词不定式作宾补强调动作的全过程）。He had us laughing all through the meal他使我们在吃饭过程中自始至终笑个不停（现在分词作宾补强调分词的动作正在进行）。I really must have my watch repaired我真得修修表了（过去分词作宾补表示“使被做”）。根据题意，只有C）是正确答案。5. My students found the book _: it provided them with an abundance of information on the subject. A) enlightening B) confusing C) distracting D) amusing 5A） enlightening意为“有启发的，有教育意义的”，如：I dont think the book is of any enlightening value我认为这本书没什么启迪价值。confusing意为“令人困惑的”，如：His explanation only made things more confusing他的解释只是使事情更令人不解 distracting意为“使人分心的，干扰的”，如：The noise from next door was so distracting that he couldnt concentrate on his work隔壁传来的噪音干扰得他无法集中精力干工作。amusing则作“有趣的，令人欢乐的”讲，如：I have read an amusing story recently我最近读了一个有趣的故事。6. My supply of confidence slowly _ as the deadline approached. A) elapsed B) eliminated C) exterminated D) diminished 6D）diminish意为“减少，递减”可作不及物动词，如：The currency has diminished in value这种货币已经贬值而eliminate（排除，消除，消灭）和exterminate（根除，灭绝，扑灭）都是及物动词，如：The teacher is trying to eliminate mistakes from the studentswritings. 老师正试图改正学生文章中的错误We are making efforts to exterminate colonialism of all shades and for. 我们正努力消灭形形色色的殖民主义elapse是不及物动词，但强调时间 “过去，消逝”，如:A little time elapsed一些时间过去了。7. Never in my life _ a TV program so much. A) I have enjoyed B) have I enjoyed C) I enjoyed D) do I enjoy 7B）当具有否定意义的词或短语或从句位于句首作状话时，主谓要颠倒常见的否定词和具有否定意义的词组有：at no the, by no means，hardly，in neither case，in no case，in no time，in no way，in vain，little, neither，never，no sooner，nor，not only，not until，on no account，rarely，scarcely，seldom，still less，under no condition，under no circumstances等，如：Never before I have been to such a wonderful place从前我从未到过如此美丽的地方。D）虽也倒装，但时态与in my life不搭配。可见只有 B）正确。8. New York is _ in the world.A) larger than any other city B) larger than any city C) larger than any cities D) largest of all cities 8A）largest是形容词large的最高级，通常要和定冠词the连用，因此D）应当排除。C）错误，因为any后接复数名词时，意为“一些”，常用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句在这里any city in the world意为“世界上任何一座城市”，自然也包括 New York，而同一事物无法进行比较在这种情况下，只需在any后面接Other（别的，其他的）即可，如：He is taller than any other boy in his class他是班上最高的男生由此可见B）错误而A）正确。9. Nicoll made a few _ with his pen on the page he had just read. A) signals B) marks C) signs D) codes 9B） mark意为“记号，痕迹”，如：Who made these dirty marks on my new book？谁在我的新书上弄了这些污迹？signal意为“信号”，如：A red light is usually a signal of danger红灯通常是危险信号sign 则意为“迹象，标记”，如： There were signs that the enemy would surrender敌人有投降的迹象code通常指“代号，密码，准则”，如： We should live up to the code of the school我们应该遵守按规。10. No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to _.A) the other B) any other C) another D) other 10A）从句中的 neither可以看出，是两方参加的会谈，而 the other表示已知的两者之间的第二个或另外一个，故 A）为正确答案，如：The twins are so much alike that people find it difficult to tell the one from the other那时双胞胎长得那么像，以至于人们难分彼此。The post office is on the other side of the street邮局在大街的另一边。any other指除了自身以外的其他任何一个，一般不用于两者之间，如：He is taller than any other student in his class他比班上的任何一位同学都高（在班上他个头最高）。ShangHai is larger than any other city in China上海是中国最大的城市。another修饰单数可数名词时，意为“再一（个），另一（个）”，用于不确定的范围之中，如:This shirt is soiledI am going to put on another one这件衬衫弄脏了，我要再换一件My glasses are brokenI need to buy another pair我的眼模摔碎了，我需要再买一副。other修饰可数名词时表示“别的，其他的”，一般不用于两者之间，如：She prefers this black coffee to other kinds与其他咖啡相比，她更喜欢喝这种不加牛奶的咖啡。Other things being equal，Alice would marry Jim，not Tom如果其他情况一样，爱丽斯会嫁给吉姆，而不会嫁给汤姆。11. No longer are contributions to computer technology confined to any one country; _ is this more true than in Europe.A) hardly B) little C) seldom D) nowhere 11. D）than作为从属连词，与形容词或副词的比较级连用，表示“比更”，连接两个平行结构。因此，与表示地点的介词短语in Europe 平行的结构就只有nowhere，所以，只有D）是正确答案，如：I agree with you more than with Robert我同意罗伯特的看法，但更赞成你的观点。12. No matter how frequently _, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences. A) performed B) performing C) to be performed D) being performed 12A）由于主句主语the works of Beethoven和从句谓语动词 perform在逻辑上是动宾关系，因此，在从句中必须使用被动语态，所以 B）错误。在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等从句中，当从句的主语和主句的主语是一致的，而且从句的谓语动词是be的形式时，可将从句的主语和 be的形式省略，如：No matter how（it is）produced，force Is measured in pounds不管力是如何产生的，总是用磅来计量。 Though（he was） born in Chicago，the writer wrote many stories about New York City那位作家虽然生在芝加哥，却写了许多关于纽约的小说。I went on talking，though（I was） continually interrupted by him虽然他不时地打断我的谈话，但我仍继续讲下去。Though（he is） still young，he can speak two foreign languages fluently虽然他还很年轻，他却能流利地讲两门外语。Whether（it is）large or small，every object in the universe has a tendency to move toward every other object宇宙中每个物体，不论是大是小，都具有向其他物体移动的倾向。可见A）正确。由于根据语义，主句动作always attract large audience和从句动作 perform应同时发生，故C）和D）错误。13. No one likes him because he always tells _ jokes.A) hard B) hateful C) nasty D) noisy 13C）hard作“引起不快的，难以忍受的”讲，通常用来指一段经历或时间。如；In those hard times，the working people often suffered from cold and hunger在那艰苦的岁月里，劳动人民常常饥寒交迫。hateful意为“可恨的，讨厌的”，如：The sight of food was hateful to the seasick girl那晕船的女孩看到食物就感到厌恶。nasty即意为“卑鄙的，下流的”，如：Nasty stories do great harm to young minds猥亵故事严重毒害青少年的心灵。noisy意为“吵闹的，喧哗的”，如：Living in a noisy place may drive one mad住在喧闹的地方会使人受不了的。根据题意C）为正确答案。14. No one needs to feel awkward in _ his own customs.A) pursuing B) following C) chasing D) seeking 14B）follow此处意为“遵循，听从”，如：We should invariably and conscientiously follow the rule我们应该始终如一地、认真自觉地遵守这条规则。pursue意为“追随，从事”，如：Illness pursued him till his death他一直病魔缠身，直至去世。chase作“追逐，驱逐”讲，如；The farmer is trying to chase a pig out of his wheat field. 农夫正试图把猪赶出他的麦田seek则意为“寻找，追求”，如：She has sought a shelter from the rain她找到了避雨的地方。15. No sooner had we finished the conversation_ we heard a knock on the door. A) when B) then C) than D) until 15C）“no sooner. 。than. 。”是固定搭配，意为“刚就”，主句一般用过去完成时，从句一般过去时，如：No sooner had he sat down than the doorbell rang他刚一坐下，铃就响了。when要和hardly，scarcely或barely连用，意思同“no soonerthan”，如：Hardly（Scarcely，Barely） had I closed my eyes when I began to imagine the most fantastic shapes. 我刚一合眼，就开始想像奇形怪状的东西。根据结构可知C）为正确答案。16. No sooner had we reached the top of the hill _ we all sat down to rest. A) than B) then C) when D) until 16. A）“no sooner. 。than”是固定搭配，意为“刚就”，主句一般用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，no sooner置于句首时，语序要倒装，如：He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another business他刚到家，就又被要求出差。No sooner had he sat down than the doorbell rang他刚坐下门铃就响了。when要和hardly，scarcely或barely连用，意义与“no soonerthan”相同，如：Hardly（Scarcely，Barely） had I closed my eyes when I began to imagine the most fantastic shapes我刚一合眼，就开始想像奇很怪状的东西Hardly had we got into the country when it began to rain我们刚到乡下就下雨了。因此，只有A）正确。17. Nobody _ that something was wrong at that time.A) commented B) committed . C) noticed D) expressed 17. C）notice作“注意到”讲，符合本题题意。如： John is so shy and awkward that everyone notices him约翰害羞尴尬得厉害，以至于大家都注意到了他。而comment则作“评论”讲，一般作不及物动词，后用介词on，如：The play was not a success，but it is favorably commented on by a number of critics那出戏并不成功，但一些评论家对它的评论还是很好。commit意为“犯，干（错事）”，如：If you go on like that，you are sure to commit blunders，如果你继续像那样下去的活，肯定要犯大错误。express作“表达，奉承”解，如：Just as one cannot learn to swim while standing by the pool，so one cannot learn to sketch and express graphically only by reading about it正像人们不可能站在游泳池边学游泳一样，人们也不可能仅仅通过阅读有关制图的书就学会制图和用图来表达自己的思想。18. Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financial system will _ down the economy.A) put B) settle C) drag D) knock 18. C）drag down意为“往下拉，使堕落”，此处用的是比喻意义，意为“拖的后腿”，如：If you marry that man，hell drag you down如果作嫁给那个人，他会把你给毁了。put down则作“放下”讲，如：The bus stopped to put down two passengers公共汽车停 了下来，让两位乘客下车。settle down意为“平静下来，安定下来”，如：They have settled down very happily in their new home他们高高兴兴地在新家安顿下来。 knock down作“撞倒，击倒”讲。如：a bus knocked her down. 一辆公共汽车把她撞倒了。19. None of the servants were _ when Mr. Smith wanted to send a message.A) available B) approachableC) attainable D) applicable 19A）available作“可利用的，可用到的，有空的”讲，如： Are you available for the meeting tomorrow morning？明天上午你能出席会议吗？approachable意为“可亲近的；可到达的”，如：We found him approachable and easy to talk to我们发现他和蔼可亲、平易近人。attainable意为“可到达的，可获得的”，如：They set the limit of performance attainable他们设定了可以达到的运行限度。applicable意为“适用的，适当的，合适的”，如：They are trying to find a solution that is applicable to the problem他们试图找到一个适用于这个问题的解决办法由此可见，A）为正确答案。20. Not _, the process of choosing names varies widely from culture to culture. A) obviously B) surprisingly C) particularly D) normally 20B）surprisingly意为“惊人地,令人吃惊地”，和 not连用置于句首，用作插入语，表示讲话人认为这一现象一点也不奇怪，如：Not surprisingly，he didnt pass the examination because of his frequent absence from class他经常缺课，所以考试不及格，这一点都不奇怪。故 B）正确obviously意为“显然”，如：Obviously，he tried to lessen his collaborators services显然他想抹煞合作者的功劳。particularly意为“尤其，特别”，如：He always has the presence of mind，particularly in time of danger他一贯沉着冷静，处于危险时刻时尤其如此。normally意为“通常，在一般情况下”，如：I normally go to bed early，but I stayed up late last night通党我早早就上床休息了，但昨晚我却开了夜车。由此可见，A），C）和D）均不符合题意。21. Not only _ us light, but also it gives us heat.A) the sun gives B) the sun does give C) gives the sun D) does the sun give 21D）当at no time，by no means，hardly，in no case，in no time, in no way，in vain，neither，never，no sooner，nor，not once，not only，not until，on no account，rarely，seldom，under no condition，under no circumstances等具有否定意义的词或短语或从句位于句首且作状语时，主谓要颠倒如：Not only does she sing like an angel，but also dances divinely她不但出唱得像天使一样，而且舞跳得也跟天仙一般。由此可见D）为正确答案。22. Not until 1868 _ made the capital of the state of Georgia.A) was Atlanta B) Atlanta was C) when Atlanta D) was when Atlanta 22A）当否定或含有否定意义的词组位于向首作状语时，主谓应当颠倒，又因为倒装只发生在主句中，因此D）错误而A）正确。23. Nowadays advertising costs are no longer in reasonable _ to the total cost of the product.A) proportion B) correlation C) connection D) correspondence 23A）in proportion to是固定搭配，意为“与成比例”，如：Are you paid in proportion to the number of hours you work？你的报酬与你的工作时间成正比吗？correlation意为“相互关系，关联作用”，如：It should be considered in correlation with the present situation应该把这件事和当前形势联系起来考虑。connection意为“联系关系”，如：Tell me all you know in connection with that matter告诉我你所知道的与那事有关的全部信息。correspondence意为“相符，对应，通信”，如：I have been in correspondence with him about the problem我与他就这一问题一直在通信。24. Nowadays it is more and more difficult to obtain a job that can bring one much money and _ provide him with a sense of security.A) same time B) in the same time C) meanwhile D) at the meanwhile 24C）meanwhile是副词，有“同时”的意思，与之同义的表达方法还有in the meantime和at the same time. 25. Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people _ harm them. A) more than B) other than C) rather than D) better than 25C）rather than意为“而不是”，如：These shoes are comfortable rather than pretty这双鞋舒服有余而美观不足。综观句子前后，C）最合题意。more than意为“超出，多于”，如:I admire and respect you more than I can say我对你的敬仰难以言表。other than意为“不同于，非”，如： The truth is quite other than what you think事实真相同你想的完全不同。I borrowed some books other than novels我借了几本书，都不是小说。better than意为“优于”，如：The yield this year was better than that in any normal year今年的产量比任何正常年景都好。The original plan was better than the plan we followed，原先的计划优于我们所实行的计划。26. Of ham and beef, the _ meat is cheaper today, but it depends in _ years.A) latter later B) second latter C) later latter D) later second 26A）本句意为“就火腿和牛肉来讲，后者现今更便宜些，但在以后的日子里就难讲了。”latter是名词，意为“后者”，later是形容词，意为“较晚的，以后的”。27. Of the thousands of known volcanoes in the world, the _ majority are inactive.A) tremendous B) demanding C) intensive D) overwhelming 27D）overwhelming意为“势不可挡的”，例如：An overwhelming maj