测验十语言学.doc

测验十 - 试答 1窗体顶端Question 1 分数: -/1 32. Linguists have found that for the vast majority of children, language development occurs _with little conscious instruction_.选择一个答案 a. with little conscious instruction b. with little linguistic input c. with much imitation d. with much correction from their parents Question 2 分数: -/1 26. _ Acquisition _ refers to the gradual and subconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations.答案: Question 3 分数: -/1 14. Imitation, plays at best a very minor role in the childs mastery of language.答案: 对 错误 Question 4 分数: -/1 18. Childrens two-word expressions are absent of syntactic or morphological markers.答案: 对 错误 Question 5 分数: -/1 1. L1 development and L2 development seem to involve the same processes.答案: 对 错误 Question 6 分数: -/1 13. Correction and reinforcement are not key factors in child language development as they were claimed to be.答案: 对 错误 Question 7 分数: -/1 39. _ is believed to be a major source of incorrect forms resistant to further instruction.选择一个答案 a. The second language learners unwillingness to learn b. The fossilization of the learners interlanguage c. The learners lack of instrumental motivation d. The Poor classroom teaching Question 8 分数: -/1 29. Learners subconsciously use their first language knowledge in learning a second language. This is known as language _ transfer _.答案: Question 9 分数: -/1 4. Children follow a similar acquisition schedule of predictable stages along the route of language development across cultures, though there is an idiosyncratic variation in the amount of time that takes individuals to master different aspects of the grammar答案: 对 错误 Question 10 分数: -/1 24. _ Behaviorist _ learning theory suggested that a childs verbal behaviour was conditioned through association between a stimulus and the following response.答案: Question 11 分数: -/1 22. According to a _ nativist _ view of language acquisition, humans are quipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use, just as birds are biologically prewired to learn the songs of their species.答案: Question 12 分数: -/1 17. In general, the two-word stage begins roughly in the second half of the childs first year.答案: 对 错误 Question 13 分数: -/1 36. In general, a good second learner is an adolescent _.选择一个答案 a. who seeks out all chances to interact with the input b. who is willing to identify himself with the culture of the target language community c. all the above d. who has a strong and well-defined motivation to learn Question 14 分数: -/1 11. For the vast majority of children, language development occurs spontaneously and require little conscious instruction on the part of adults.答案: 对 错误 Question 15 分数: -/1 37. The optimum age for second language acquisition is _.选择一个答案 a. D. after the brain lateralization b. B. after puberty c. A. early teenage d. C. at puberty Question 16 分数: -/1 28. The language that a learner constructs at a given stage of SLA is known as _ interlanguage _.答案: Question 17 分数: -/1 15. Observations of children in different language areas of the world reveal that the developmental stages are similar, possibly universal, whatever the nature of the input.答案: 对 错误 Question 18 分数: -/1 6. Some languages are inferior, or superior, to other languages.答案: 对 错误 Question 19 分数: -/1 20. Language acquisition begins at about the same time as lateralization does and is normally complete, as far as the essentials are concerned, by the time that the process of lateralization comes to an end.答案: 对 错误 Question 20 分数: -/1 33. The development of linguistic skills involves the acquisition of _ rules rather than the mere memorization of words and sen-tences .选择一个答案 a. pragmatic b. behaviour c. grammatical d. cultural Question 21 分数: -/1 16. A childs babbling seems to depend on the presence of acoustic, auditory input.答案: 对 错误 Question 22 分数: -/1 5. Humans can be said to be predisposed and biologically programmed to acquire at least one language.答案: 对 错误 Question 23 分数: -/1 3. All normal children have equal ability to acquire their first language.答案: 对 错误 Question 24 分数: -/1 19. Children first acquire the sounds in all languages of the world, no matter what language they are exposed to, and in late stages acquire the more difficult sounds.答案: 对 错误 Question 25 分数: -/1 7. Language acquisition is primarily the acquisition of the vocabulary and the meaning of language.答案: 对 错误 Question 26 分数: -/1 27. The _ Contrastive _ Analysis was founded on the belief that it was possible, by establishing the linguistic differences between the native and target language systems, to predict what problems learners of a particular second language would face and the types of errors they would make.答案: Question 27 分数: -/1 9. Children who grow up in culture where caretaker speech is absent acquire their native language more slowly than children who are exposed to caretaker speech.答案: 对 错误 Question 28 分数: -/1 31. In first language acquisition, imitation plays _.选择一个答案 a. a minor role b. a significant role c. a basic role d. no rule Question 29 分数: -/1 2. The capacity to acquire ones first language is a fundamental human trait that all human beings are equally well possessed with.答案: 对 错误 Question 30 分数: -/1 34. _ has been found to occur usually in children s pronunciation or reporting of the truthfulness of utterances, rather than in the grammaticality of sentences.选择一个答案 a. Punishment b. Reinforcement c. Instruction d. Imitation Question 31 分数: -/1 40. Which of the following is not true?选择一个答案 a. Interlanguage is the representation of learners unsystematic L2 rules. b. Interlanguage is a product of mother tongue interference. c. Interlanguage is a product of overgeneralization of the target language rules. d. Interlanguage is a product of communicative strategies of the learner. Question 32 分数: -/1 8. Human beings are genetically predetermined to acquire language, this genetic predisposition is a sufficient condition for language development.答案: 对 错误 Question 33 分数: -/1 25. The early multiword utterances of children lack inflectional morphemes and most minor lexical categories, they are often referred to as _ telegraphic _ speech.答案: Question 34 分数: -/1 10. In mother tongue acquisition, normal children are not necessarily equally successful.答案: 对 错误 Question 35 分数: -/1 23. A caretaker speech, also called _ motherese _ or babytalk, is the type of modified speech typically addressed to young children.答案: Question 36 分数: -/1 35. According to the _, the acquisition of a second language involves, and is dependent on, the acquisition of the culture of the target language community.选择一个答案 a. conceptualist view b. acculturation view c. behaviourist view d. mentalist view Question 37 分数