OXFORD ENGLISH (9B) 上海市育才初级中学 郭苏山 Chapter 4 Tom Sawyer.doc

OXFORD ENGLISH (9B) 上海市育才初级中学 郭苏山Chapter 4 Tom Sawyer Paints the Fence(Period 2)Teaching content:The detailed study of the first half of the textTeaching aims:1. Language objectivesTo paraphrase some words, expressions and sentences in the first half of the text and to learnsome usage of these words2. Ability objectivesTo retell the first half of the text3. Emotional objectives:To develop the team spirit by co-operating with others while acting the story out and to raise the consciousness to solve problems creativelyTeaching aid: Multi-mediaTeaching difficulty:Some difficult words and expressionsTeaching steps:Pre-task preparationStep 1 Dictate some words and expressions.Step 2 Check all the exercises assigned before.Step 3 Ask and answer questions on the first half of the text.While-task procedureStep 4 Explain the first half of the text and focus on some word study.1Joyce wanted to encourage students to read more famous books 乔伊丝想鼓励同学们多读名著。 encourage只用作及物动词，意为“鼓励；鼓舞；促进；助长”，常用于以下句型： encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事。 例：My parents often encourage me to study hard我的父母经常鼓励我努力学习。 encourage sb in sth在方面助长(鼓励)。 例：Dont encourage him in laziness别助长他的懒惰行为。 We must encourage her in her studies我们必须鼓励她用功学习。2Every boy in town was happy，except Tom Sawyer 镇上的每个男孩都兴高采烈的，唯独汤姆索亚例外。except是个介词，意为“除之外”。 例：We all failed except him我们都失败了，只有他除外。3Tom stood on the sidewalk with a bucket of white paint and a brush with a long handle in his hands汤姆站在人行道上，手里拎着一桶白色的油漆和一把长柄刷a brush with a long handle意为“长柄刷子”，其中with为“带有”的意思。with a bucket of white paint and a brush with a long handle in his hands表示一种伴随状态。我们经常使用with的复合结构表示某人或某物的行为方式或伴随情况，现小结如下： with+名词代词+形容词例：He left the room with the door open门开着，他就离开了屋子。 Dont talk with your mouth full嘴里满是东西时不要说话。 with+名词代词+副词 例：With the radio on，grandma slept deeply in the chair 收音机开着，奶奶在椅子里睡得很熟。 With Tom awayI always feel lonely汤姆不在，我总是觉得很孤单。 with+名词代词+动词的过去分词例：The fellow stood there with his hands crossed这个家伙两手交叉，站在那里。 The peasants have a good harvest with all the crops got in 庄稼都收割了，农民们有了一个好收成。 with+名词代词+动词不定式 例：With this book to help you，you can finish your work as soon as possible 有这本书来帮忙，你能尽快完成工作。 With so many problems to settle，the new manager was too worried to eat anything有着太多问题要处理，新经理担忧得吃不下任何东西。 with+名词代词+名词 例：The old man looks down upon everyone，with his son chairman of the company因为他儿子是公司的主席，这个老头瞧不起任何人。 He was taken to hospital with his legs a mass of bleeding flesh 他被抬到医院时，两腿血肉模糊。 with+名词代词+介词短语 例：The man left the meeting with a book in his hand 这个男人手里拿着本书离开了会议。 The woman with a diamond necklace around the neck must be wealthy 那个脖子上戴钻石项链的女人一定很有钱。4He looked at the fence that his aunt had told him to paint and felt very depressed他看着姨妈要他刷的同栏，沮丧万分。形容词depressed是由动词depress(使不快乐)派生而来，用以描述人的心情，意为“沮丧的”。若要表示某物带给某人某种情感时，则应使用depressing。例：Hes been very depressed since he lost his job他自从失业后就变得很消沉。5The section that was painted was so small，and the unpainted section was so big! 漆好的部分那么小，还没有漆的部分是这么大!painted和unpainted在本例中均为形容词，并互为反义词，前者意为“上过油漆的”，后者意为“未上过油漆的”。 例：Those unpainted doors in the flat are made recently 屋子里那些没有油漆过的门都是最近刚做的。6He began to think of all the games which he had planned for the day 他开始想他早已计划好的这天要玩的游戏。think of意为“考虑；思考”。 例：Have you thought of what job you are going to do? 你考虑过准备做什么工作了吗?7Soon the boys who were free would come along and make fun of him 很快，空闲的男孩们就会走过来，取笑他。 come along意为“出现” 例：I got the post because I came along at the right time 我得到这个职位是因为碰巧遇上好机会。 此外，come along还可用以表示： 跟(某人)去(常与介词with连用，后跟人) 例：Can l come along with you to the shops?我可以跟你们一起去商店吗? 进展(与come on意思相近) 例：How is the report coming along? 报告的进展如何? make fun of为习语，意为“取笑；嘲笑”。 例：He thought his friends would make fun of his new hair style 他认为他的朋友们会嘲笑他的新发型。8But just then, he had a wonderful idea但就在那时，他想到了一个绝妙的好主意。 just then意为“就在这时候那时候”。9Ben Rogers came along the road，singing happily and carrying an apple 本罗杰斯从路那边走来，欢快地哼着小曲，手里还拿着一只苹果。 singing happily and carrying an apple为现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示伴随状态，它们的逻辑主语都是本句的主语Ben Rogers。 例：The dog came up to me，running and wagging its tail小狗摇着尾巴向我跑过来。 He stood there quietly，looking out of the window他静静地站在那儿，看着窗外。10. Tom went on painting and ignored Ben汤姆继续刷他的油漆，(故意)不理会本。go on与continue意思相同，意为“继续”。11You have to stay and work，dont you?你不得不留下来T作，不是吗? 此句为反意疑问句，反意疑问句可以用来确认自己的判断，获取真实的信息，还可以用来表示惊讶、愤怒等感情。 反意疑问句南两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的附加疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。12Im enjoying myself我是在享受。 enjoy oneself意为“过得快乐”。 例：Did you enjoy yourself at the party?你在宴会上玩得愉快吗? One cant enjoy oneself if onehe is too tired一个人如果太疲倦就不能尽情享受。 She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buyingthe dress she had first asked for她使售货员把橱窗内几乎所有的东西都拿出来看看，最后才买下她最初想要的那件衣服。对此，她乐在其中。13Does a boy get a chance to paint a fence like this every day?男孩子每天都有像这样漆丽栏的机会吗?get a chance to do sth, 为“得到一个做某事的机会”。 例：Finally，I got a chance to take part in the competition 最终，我得到了参加竞赛的机会。14Sometimes he stopped，stood back to look at the fence，and then added a bit more paint in just the right place 他有时还停下来，站回去端详一下同栏，然后在适当的地方再加几刷油漆。a bit more意为“稍微多一点”。此处的a bit用于形容词比较级more前，表示“稍微；一点儿”的意思，同样的意思也可以用a little来表示。此外，我们也可以用其他词修饰比较级表示“更；得多”的意思，如a lot，much，even和far等。 例：Eddie is a little，a bit taller than Simon埃迪比西蒙高一点儿。 This dictionary is much，a lot，even，far more expensive than tha