期末考试题型与复习资料(2015-fall).doc

美剧与美国社会文化期末考试题型Part I 看视频填空（范围：百度网盘中表演和配音的视频,21个空填单词， 听写三个句子）30%Part II文化知识填空（范围：以下文本中）15%Part III 图表描述（范围：所学单元课本中出现的图表，需要写“数据描述”和“数据发现”）10%Part IV 简答（范围：以下文本中，共5题） 25%Part V 作文（就小组所看美剧的某个文化点完成作文，300字）20%Unit 11. Terms: immigrant, illegal immigrant2. What are the leading countries of origin of immigrants to the USA?3. What is the trend of illegal immigration to the USA?4. What are the reasons of immigration? (List 4-5 reasons.)5. What are the pros and cons of immigration?Additional questions:6. What are the ethnic groups in the US?l White Americans, Hispanic and Latino Americans, black Americans and Asian Americans7. What are three immigration theories? American melting pot: It indicates the American immigrants, whose culture have become a part of American culture, share common values.The essence of melting pot: assimilation of different cultures to “American culture”l Salad bowl or Mosaic: They indicate various cultures mix with each other, but keep their individual characteristics. 8. social security numberIn theUnited States, aSocial Security number(SSN) is a nine-digit number issued toU.S. citizens,permanent residents, and temporary (working) residents under the Social Security Act. Although its primary purpose is to track individuals forSocial Securitypurposes,the Social Security number has become ade factonational identification numberfortaxationand other purposes.9. AmnestyThe national governments offers forgiveness for people for providing fake documents that include identity cards, social-security numbers, and also driving license among many other documents to get employment more easily in United States as well as to stay in this country. These amnesties permit illicit immigrants or even undocumented strangers to attain stable residency in the USA.The United States first provided its amnesty in the year 1986. Unit 31. What is the underlying cultural reason for the differences between the western and Chinese festivals?What is the underlying cultural(深层次的原因) reason for the differences between Western and Chinese festivals? Western festivals have an association with religions, while Chinese festivals always relate to the weather and shape of the moon which can be traced back to agricultural cultivation（耕种）.2. What is aging and aging society?l Aging ( British English, ageing) can be sociologically defined as the combination of physical, psychological and social process that affects people as they grow older. l The proportion of population of a region over aged 65 reaches 7%, the region enters “aging society”3. Analyze the figures in P30,31 and give your findings4. What are the causes of aging society?5. What are the consequences of aging society?6. What does the welfare system include in the US? 7. What measures have America taken to deal with aging problem?8. What are the features of American welfare model compared with European model? l It is far less generous to the poor in terms of social benefits;l It is far less protective of low-wage workers (because most of social security programs are based on “contribution”, the more portion you make, the more money you get in need.)l American health care system has long been a subject of debate and criticism. Europeans have a quite negative views about the US health care system, they point out American medical services are insufficiently funded and a significant number of people are insured.9.What are underlying cultural reasons for American welfare system? l preference of work and employment over relief （救济）(不用答括号里的，括号里用来理解American values: all the people are equal but those who do not work are less equal; individual life has worth, but only the fit should survive ;people are responsible for each other, but those who are dependent upon others for their living are of less worth)Unit 4 review1. Terms： sexual orientation, heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual LGBT2. What might be the causes of homosexuality?3. What influences homosexuality might have on the society?4. What were and are peoples attitudes towards homosexuality?Rejecting-more tolerated-legislation5. Talk about gay liberation in America / China. (aims, stages, achievements)了解即可Unit 51. What are three leading English Varieties? l British English, American English, Australian English2. Why are there fewer abortions in the US than in China?l Religious factors: Christian believes that no one can determine other peoples life and death except god. Life is given by God. Only God has the right to take away life.(两句话写1句就行)l Legal restriction: Before 1973, abortion is（was）illegal in the US. Even after 1973, there are some restrictions for abortion in the US.3. What is Roe V. Wade case?l Roe. V. Wade is a landmark（里程碑） decision by the United States Supreme Court on the issue of abortion in 1973. The Court ruled that a right to privacy under the due process clause（条款） of the 14th Amendment（修正案） extended to a womans decision to have an abortion.4. What are the key arguments for pro-abortion and anti-abortion?l Pro-abortion: they claim to protect womens rightl Anti-abortion: they claim to protect unborn babies right.5. The options for nonmarital pregnancy6. Causes for rising nonmarital birthsUnit 61.What do (缺少you) know about Watergate Scandal?l When: in 1972 when President Nixon is running for the second presidential election.l Where: at the Democratic National Committee (DNC) headquarters at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C.l What happened: 5 members of Nixons administration breaks（broke）into the DNC office to wear a wire and photocopies the documents and are（were） arrested on the spot. Nixon denies his involvement and attempts to cover up, but the tape recording of the White House proves that President lies and he is impeached by the Congress.l How ends: in 1974, Nixon resigns and becomes the first and the only US resignation president so far.l Implication of Watergate: political dirty tricks2. There are three presidents in the US who were impeached（控告） by congress? Who are they?l Andrew Johnson, Richard Nixon, Bill Clinton3. What is “ electoral(elector) college system（总统选举团）” in the US presidential election? l The president and vice president are not actually chosen by how many people vote for them( the popular vote); instead, they are chosen by electoral votes There are 538 electoral votes; it taks270(majority)to win.4. What is “winner-take-all” principle in the US presidential election?l In all states except Main and Nebraska, the candidate who receives the largest number of popular votes receive all of the a states electoral votes.(胜者通吃)5. There are two parts of the US congress. What are their names?l Congress includes the Senate（参议院） and the House of Representatives（众议院）.6. What are two parties of the US? Which one is more liberal? Which one is more conservative? l Democratic Party and Republican Party. Democratic Party tends to be more liberal, for example it is pro-abortion, pro-gun-control; while Republican party tend to be more conservative, for example, it is anti-abortion and anti-gun-control.Unit 91.How to become a doctor in the US?(请了解,不用掌握)The standard U.S. medical school curriculum is four years long. The first two years are composed mainly of classroom education, while the last two years primarily include rotations in clinical settings where students learn patient care firsthand. Upon graduation, physicians who plan to independently care for patients must complete a residency which is a supervised training period of three to seven years. Physicians who sub-specialize or who desire more supervised experience may complete a fellowship, which is an additional two to three years of supervised training in their area of expertise. A doctor typically may not legally practi