passage1-10(短文听写及答案).doc

Passage 1The New York Times is an American daily newspaper, founded in N.Y. It has been (1) _ published since September 18, 1851. It has won 112 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other news organization. Its web site is Americas most popular news site, receiving more than 30 million unique visitors per month.Following industry trends, its weekday circulation (2) _ fewer than one million daily since 1990. Nicknamed The Gray Lady, The Times is long regarded within the industry as a (3) _ “newspapers of record”. The companys chairman is Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr., whose family has (4) _ the paper since 1896.The papers motto, “All the News Thats Fit to Print”, appears in the (5) _ left-hand corner of the front page. Its web site has (6) _ it to “All the News Thats Fit to Click”. It is (7) _ sections: News, Opinions, Business, Arts, Science, Sports, Style, Home, and Features. The New York Times stayed with the eight-column format for several years after most papers switched to six, and was one of the last newspapers to adopt color photography.In 1896, Adolph Ochs bought the New York Times, a money-losing newspaper, and formed the New York Times Company. The Ochs Sulzberger family, one of the United States newspaper dynasties, has owned The New York Times ever since Turner Catledge, the top editor at The New York Times for almost two (8) _ , wanted to hide the ownership influence. Arthur Sulzberger routinely wrote memos to his editor, (9) _, instructions, complaints, and orders. When Catledge would receive these memos he would erase the publishers(10) _ before passing them to his subordinates.Passage 2Some of the arguments against bike share are just confusing. I dont know how to (1) _ the argument that we dont need bike share because everyone who wants to bike already owns a bike. Thats like saying that we dont need restaurants because everybody has a (2) _. I dont know what to do with the argument that bike share stations take up valuable space on a public street. You know what is also taking up valuable space on a public street? Your car. My car.Now there are things I dont love about bike share. Im not (3) _ about the idea of more people riding bikes with no helmets, which is probably because a few times I (4) _ a bike at high speed, hitting my head and cracking my helmet. Walking away with a cracked bike helmet makes you a very (5) _ fan of bike helmets.And I also think cyclists need to (6) _. More than ever I am not going to lie: my first 10 years in New York City I probably stopped at four red lights. These days, however, you come to intersections and you find a half-dozen people stopped at a red light. That kind of peer (7) _ is both strange and unbelievable. I think cyclists need to think of themselves as part of a bigger (8) _ picture. But I think this is working. I think the more people that are on bikes, the safer streets become for everyone, and statistics (9) _ risk of serious injury (10) _ for both cyclists and walkers.Passage 3Women are half the worlds population. But they can face (1) _ to economic independence and security. Today we hear about a program aimed at (2) _ low cost loans to women in India. We also examine the Roman Catholic (3) _ about efforts to permit church women. But first, we learn about women peacekeepers in the Middle East.Along the border of Israel and Lebanon, female peacekeeping troops are active in the United Nations force that guards the area. Avi Arditti tells us more. The captain is a medical (4) _ and one of about 30 women who live on this French base of 700 peacekeepers. They help to keep the border secure and (5) _ the Lebanese government. Captain Annie, French soldiers dont use their last names, says she does not (6) _ herself a female peacekeeper, but a member of the UN force. But she says being a woman does sometimes help.United Nations Interim Force In Lebanon (UNIFIL) has a peacekeeping force of more than 11,000 troops in southern Lebanon. They come from 37 countries. In recent years, the United Nations has begun expanding women (7) _. Women in UNIFIL serve on both the common man and military forces, form helping with military planning to teaching French to Lebanese school children. Male and female peacekeepers live together, work together and play sports together. Force commander Eric of the French corps says women help to bring security to an insecure area. In southern Lebanon, many people (8)_about the roles of the sexes. But, UNIFILs female peacekeepers say they (9)_ with the local community men and women (10) _.Passage4Until the nineteen sixties, black people in many parts of the United States did not have the same civil rights as white people. Laws in the American South kept the two (1)_ separate. These laws forced black people to (2) _ separate schools, and sit in separate areas on a bus. One day an old black woman got on a city bus. The law (3)_black people seated in one area of the bus to give up their seats to white people. The woman refused to do this and was (4) _.This act of peaceful disobedience started (5) _ in Montgomery that led to legal changes in (6) _ rights in the United States. The woman who started it was Rosa Parks. She worked (7) _ clothes from the nineteen thirties until 1955. Then she became a (8) _ for millions of African-Americans.In much of the American South in the 1950s, the first rows of seats were for white people only. Black people sat in the back of the bus. However, black people sitting in that part (9) _ leave their seats if a white person wanted it.Rosa Parks and three other black people were seated in the middle area of the bus when a white person got on the bus and wanted a seat. The bus driver (10) _that all four black people get out of their seats so the white person would not have to sit next to any of them. The three other blacks got up, but Missus Parks refused. She was arrested. Passage5Cecil Blount DeMille was born in Ashfield, Massachusetts. Both his parents were writers of plays. His father died when he was twelve years old. His mother kept the family together by (1) _ a theater company. Cecil joined the company as an actor. He continued working in his mothers theater company as an actor and a manager until 1913.That year, he joined Jesse L. Lasky and Samuel Goldfish to (2) _ the Jesse L. Lasky Feature Play Company. Goldfish later changed his name to Samuel Goldwyn. The three men started making motion pictures (3) _. They were (4) _ interested in its creative and financial possibilities. DeMille, Lasky and Goldfish began working on a movie (5) _ of the popular American western play “Squaw Man”.DeMille (6) _that the movie be made in the real American West. He chose Flagstaff, Arizona. DeMille and the company traveled to Flagstaff by train. When they arrived, DeMille thought the area looked too modern. They were in a quiet little town in southern California. The town was called Hollywood. DeMille decided this was the (7) _ place to film the movie.“Squaw Man” was one of the first (8) _ produced in Hollywood. It was released in 1913 and was (9) _. DeMille is considered the man who helped Hollywood become the center of the motion picture business. He quickly became a creative force in the new movie industry. Cecil was among the very few filmmakers in Hollywood whose name appeared above the title of his movie. His name was more important to movie-goers than the names of the stars and his movies were known to be big (10) _.Passage 6In the beginning of the twentieth century, women like Isadora Duncan and Ruth Saint Denis wanted to create a new form of dance. Duncan and Saint Denis felt (1) _ by ballet.Martha Graham was one of the most famous dancers and creators of dance, called choreographers(编舞者). She brought modern dance to a new level of (2) _ in American culture. She created a new language of movement that expressed powerful emotions. She started traditions that are still used in modern dance today. They include expressive movements of the body to tell a (3) _ story, special music, lighting, stage design and (4) _.Martha Graham was born in the small town of Allegheny, Pennsylvania in 1894. After Martha turned fourteen years old, her family moved to Santa Barbara, California. While (5) _ the Midwest, Martha enjoyed the wide, open spaces of nature. She also enjoyed the beautiful flowers and plants in California. The free, expressive movements of modern dance were (6) _ the beauty of nature Graham observed.Earlier in her life, however, Martha did not know that she would become a dancer. Her father was a doctor and her family was very (7) _ . They were members of (8) _ and did not accept dance as an art (9) _.Still, in 1910, Marthas father took her to see a dance (10) _ by Ruth Saint Denis, one of the first modern dancers in America. Martha was sixteen and she decided then that she wanted to become a dancer.Passage 7Are manners dead? Cell phones and social networking may be killing off the traditional politeness and good (1) _ ,but a new generation of etiquette(礼节) experts is rising to make old-fashioned manners (2) _ to a new generation. Their goal: to help young people (3) _ troublesome, tech-age minefields, like invites on social networking sites and online dating, not to mention actual face-to-face (4) _ with people.Perhaps the fastest growing area of social advice is whats been termed “netiquette”. There are online (5) _ on using emotions in business e-mails, being careful when posting on social networks and re-posting too many micro blog messages.Young people “are (6) _ the irony and rudeness that is so popular in their online lives”, said Jane Pratt, editor in chief of XoJane, a womens lifestyle web site. “The return of etiquette is in part a response to the harshness of the interactions they are having in the digital sphere.” The social puzzlement seems to be (7) _. Are you required to respond to party invitations on Sina Weibo? Is it rude to listen to your iPod while (8) _ with someone else?When Daniel Post Senning, the great grandson of Emily Post, a well-known etiquette writer in the US, was working on the 18th edition of Emily Posts Etiquette, he found it impossible to cover technology in (9) _ . Instead, he (10) _ an entire book to it, Emily Posts Manners in a Digital World: Living Well Online.Passage 8Its called “Shanghais 3rd Annual Love and Marriage Expo”. But the (1) _ at this vast gathering for single Chinese men and women was (2) _ unromantic. More than 18,000 people preregistered for the weekend event, (3) _ in an expanding shopping complex specializing in home and office (4) _.The crowds were met by billboards (5) _ thousands of single men and women one list in pink and the other in blue. Within minutes of the doors opening on a rainy Saturday morning, visitors hurried to study the lists and take in (6) _ information about potential candidates age, height, education, annual income and their registered hometown, also known as hukou.Some people took notes, while others took photos of single entries with their cell phones. In one hall more than a hundred men and women in their twenties and thirties sat (7) _ each other at tables decorated with red and yellow tablecloths, the beautiful tones of a Norah Jones love song (8) _ from loudspeakers. “Welcome everybody to our 8-minute (9) _,” announced the master of ceremonies eventually. When the eight minutes was up, each dater was instructed to move on.” Male guests please move two seats to your left,” boomed the announcer. For some (10) _, this was the first time they had ever been on a date. “Its useful its just like research,” said Yixin Bai, a 20-year-old man home for the summer holidays from a university in Canada.Passage 9Mom always told us wed go blind if we read in the dark. Does science (1) _? Jim Sheedy, a doctor of vision science and director of the Vision Performance Institute at Oregons Pacific University, sets his sights on the (2) _ . Turns out, our parents were wrong. “There is no reason to believe nor evidence to support that any long-term damage to the eyes or change to the eyes can be caused by reading in the dark,” Dr. Sheedy says. That is not to say that page-turning during the night wont lead to discomfort or (3) _.The lack of light will cause the pupils(瞳孔) get wilder and opener, (4) _ a smaller depth of field the distance between the nearest and (5) _ object that the eye considers to be in focus. Dr. Sheedy says the added effort to change focus and the effort to change the angle of the lines of sight between the two eyes will (6) _ make your eyes feel tired and your body spent.But, of course, thats often the object of reading (7) _. Dr. Sheedy says he (8) _ his students that there isnt enough evidence to argue that what you do with your eyes leads to nearsightedness. No link to long-term damage has ever been conclusively (9) _, says Dr. Sheedy. Its an old tale, a (10) _ used by moms to get kids to go to sleep when they wanted them to, he says.Passage 10Childrens Day is recognized on various days in many places around the world, to honor children globally. It was first (1) _ by the World Conference for the Well-being of Children in 1925 and then established universally in 1954 to protect children working long hours (2) _ and allow all children access to an education. The UN General Assembly recommended that all countries should establish a Universal Childrens Day on an (3) “_” day.International Day for Protection of Children, (4) _ in many countries as Childrens Day on June 1 since 1950, was established by the Womens International Democratic Federation on its (5) _ in Moscow (22 November 1949) and was (6) _ the former Soviet Unions “peace propaganda” policy.In the West, the whole country celebrates with cards, presents, special foods, parades, and other activities. Although schools (7) _ open, children do not attend class and (8) _ homework. Students (9) _ in a wide variety of activities to strengthen loyalty to their country, have fun, and take part in, and join youth organizations such as the Communist Youth League. Childrens Day is a time of celebration for Chinese youngsters. The occasion is marked by the Childrens Day Celebration honoring (10) _ students and by numerous parent-children activities sponsored by government and civic organizations. Thus, the day not only lets the kids become king for a day, but also helps to str