《介词+关系代词》PPT课件.ppt

music Preposition which whomATTIBUTIVE FOLLOWME 定语从句 介词 关系词的定义 当介词后的宾语提前做为先行词时 介词可以放在定语从句中 也可提前放于关系词前 Heistheperson youspoketo that who whom Heistheperson youspoke whom Thisisthehouse Ilivedin4yearsago Thisisthehouse Ilived4yago that which which to in Thecitywhichshelivesinisfaraway Themanwhomyouspoketoisourheadmaster Thefarmwhichweworkedontenyearsagoisbeautiful Thisisthetreewhichweusedtoplaygamesunder Thefarmonwhichweworkedtenyearsagoisbeautiful Themantowhomyouspokeisourheadmaster Thecityinwhichshelivesisfaraway Thisisthetreeunderwhichweusedtoplaygames 介词 关系词的功能 一 介词 关系代词 结构在定语从句中主要起关系副词的作用 即在定语从句中充当状语 用在介词后的关系代词只有whom which和whose三个 不能用that 二 介词后面的关系词不能省略 三 先行词时物时 介词后用关系词which 先行词是人时 介词后用关系词whom 四 表所属关系时用ofwhich whom Theboy parentsarebothdoctorswonthefirstplaceintheexam whose Theboytheparentsofwhomarebothdoctorswonthefirstplaceintheexam ofwhomtheparents 关系副词when where why和介词 which之间的关系 关系副词when where why可以用适当的介词 which来替代 如 when in on at which where in on at which why for which 1 Iwon tforgetthedateonwhichIwasborn 2 ThisistheroominwhichIlived 3 Idon tknowthereasonforwhichhehaven tcometoday 4 TomstillremembersthedaysduringwhichtheylivedinTianjin 5 HangzhouistheplacetowhichIwentlastyear 6 Irememberthedayonwhichmyfatherdied Iwasonlytenyearsoldatthattime when where why when where when 介词 关系词中介词的选择 根据从句所修饰的先行词的需要来确定介词 根据从句中谓语动词或形容词搭配的需要来确定介词 根据从句句意的需要来确定介词 根据主从句搭配关系的需要来确定介词 Themoney whichyouweretobuydogfoodisgone Hewillneverforgettheday whichhefailedintheexam Thisisthemountainvillage whichIstayedlastyear I llneverforgetthefarm whichIworkedtogetherwithyou 一 根据从句所修饰的先行词的需要来确定介词 withthemoney用钱 on with in on ontheday在那天 inthemountainvillage在山村 onthefarm在农场 Heisreallytheperson whomwehavealottolearn Thegirl whomyouaretalkingisworking TheWestLake whichHangzhouisfamous isabeautifulplace Theman whomIshookhandsjustnowismydaughter sEnglishteacher 二 根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定 learnfromsb 向某人学习 talkto withsb 与某人交谈 befamousfor因为 而闻名 shakehandswithsb 与某人握手 from to with for with Air whichmancan tlive isreallyimportant 三 根据定语从句句意或主从句的搭配关系来确定 Thepen whichheiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday Thisismypairofglasses whichIcannotseeclearly Heisthegirl whomyouwenttoconcertlastnight without with without with 一般情况下 介词放在关系代词which和whom之前 也可放在动词后 固定搭配的动词短语中的介词一般不能提前 常见的这类动词短语有 lookfor after forwardto carefor takecareof hearof about from 等 ThisistherightplaceI mlookingfor Thegirlwhomheislookingafterishissister 介词 关系词中介词的位置 介词 关系代词引导的定语从句 关键是判断介词的选择 方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词 习惯搭配 再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断 结合生活实际来判断 Tips 1 Doyoulikethebookonwhichshespent 10 2 Doyoulikethebookforwhichshepaid 10 3 Doyoulikethebookformwhichshelearnedalot 4 Doyoulikethebookaboutwhichsheoftentalks 介词 关系代词的使用 5 ThemantowhomIspokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwriting 6 Glasses withoutwhichIcan tseeclearly arereallyimportantforme 7 Chinaisabeautifulcountry ofwhichweareproud 8 Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub Thisistheteacherwhosedaughterisafamousdoctor Thisistheteacherthedaughterofwhomisafamousdoctor 1 名词 介词 关系代词 Wehavethreeforeignteachers twoofwhomarefromCanada 2 数词 介词 关系代词 含基数词 序数词 分数和百分数 3 代词 介词 关系代词 代词有all both none either either some any等 Theoldwomanhastwosons bothofwhomareteachers Ihavemanyfriends someofwhomarefromChina 4 形容词最高级 介词 关系代词 Chinahasthousandsofislands thelargestofwhichisTaiwanIsland 5 介词 关系代词 名词 Hespentfouryearsincollege duringwhichtimehestudiedmedicine Lookatthesesentences Weboughtahouseinfrontof thereisalake Wehadabarbecueonthefarmbehind wefoundawood Mikereachedthepostoffice ontherightof henoticedasupermarket which which which Theman Ishookhandsjustnowismydaughter sEnglishteacher Adesertisagreatplain nothingwillgrow Hewastheman roomthethiefhadstolenthebag Thisismypairofglasses Icannotseeclearly withwhom inwhich fromwhose withoutwhich 5 Thegirl hespokemadenoanswer 6 Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear 80 aresoldabroad 7 Theyaskedmealotofquestions many Icouldn tanswer Twomen Ihadeverseenbefore cameintomyoffice 我以前从未见过他们 neitherofwhom towhom ofwhich ofwhich 9 Hegothisfirstsalary hegavetohisparents 其中一半10 Ourcountryhasmanyislands isTaiwan 其中最大的11 Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths thesailingtimewas226days thelargestofwhich halfofwhich ofwhich 介词加关系代词的基本用法 Theman youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster Theroom myfamilyliveusedtobeagarage Didyoufindthepen Iwrotejustnow Didyoufindthepaper Iwrotemyletter Didyoufindthecomposition Iwrotejustnow withwhom inwhich withwhich onwhich which Thefarmweworkedtenyearsagoisn twhatitusedtobe Heisthemanyoucanturnforhelp Thisisthetreeweusedtoplaygames onwhich towhom underwhich onthefarm在农场 turntosb forhelp向某人求助 underthetree在树下 Thesungivesusheatandlight wecan tlive Thestudent weweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass I llneverforgettheday shesaidgoodbyetome Whocangivemethereason hehasn tturnedupyet withoutwhich aboutwhom onwhich forwhich 1 Theteacher IlearntmostwasMrsZhu 2 Thisisthehouse LuXunoncelived Thereason IcamehereisthatIwanttogetyourhelp 4 Thefellow Ispokemadenoanswer 5 TheWestLake Hangzhouisfamous isabeautifulplace fromwhom inwhich forwhich towhom forwhich Practice 1 Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding thereisawell A infrontofitB infrontofwhoseC infrontofwhichD infrontwhich2 I llneverforgettheday IjoinedtheLeague A onwhichB inwhichC whichD atwhich3 Thewoman mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher A whoB towhomC towhoDwhom C A B 4 Jeannewasheroldfriend sheborrowedanecklace A fromwhoB fromwhomC tothatD towhom5 Hisglasses hewaslikeablindman felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg A whichB withwhichC withoutwhichD that6 sheisateacherofmuchknowledge muchcanbelearned A whoB thatC fromwhichD fromwhom B C D 7 Hebuiltatelescope hecouldstudytheskies A inwhichB withthatC throughwhichD byit8 Doyouknowthereason hewaslate A thatB whichC forwhatD forwhich9 Ihaveboughttwoballpens writeswell A noneofwhichB neitherofwhichC noneofthemD neitherofthem C D B 10 TheSecondWorldWar millionsofpeoplewerekilledin1945 A duringwhichB inthatC whereD onwhich11 Chinahasmanyrivers theChangjiangRiveristhelongest A whichB inwhichC amongwhichD oneofwhich12 Thisistheveryknife Iusedtocutapplesyesterday A thatB bywhichC whichD withwhich A C D 13 Thespeed whichyoudriveyourcarmustn ttoohigh 14 Intheparktherearemanyflowers thecolour whichisbrightandnice 15 Thelittlegirlisreadingabook whichtherearemanypictures 16 Whatwerethethings whichhewasnottoosure 17 Theyheldameeting whichthehospitaldirectormadeaspeech 18 Thebook whichhepaid6yuan isworthreading at of in about at for 19 Isthistheman whosehousethepolicefoundthelostcolouredTV 20 Thevillagersdugalongtunnel whichtheycouldgotothefieldswithoutbeingfoundbytheJapanesesoldiers 21 WuDong whomIwenttotheconcert enjoyeditverymuch 22 ThestoriesaboutLongMarch whichthisisoneexample arewellwritten in through with of Iwillneverforgettheday Ifirstwenttoschool 状语Iwillneverforgettheday wespentinBeijing 宾语Thehouse wevisitedisbeingrepairednow 宾语Thehouse Luxunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow 状语 when which that which that where Thereason hedidn tcometoschoolyesterdayisthathewasill Thereason hegaveisn tbelievable 宾语 why that which x 1 Thisisall Iknowaboutthematter A thatB whatC whoD whether2 Isthereanythingelse yourequire A whichB thatC whoD what 考点一 that与which的区别 先行词为all little much everything nothing no something anything等不定代词时 关系代词用that 4 Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks interestedhimgreatlyintheschool A whichB thatC itD whom 先行词为人和物的组合 关系代词用that 若主句中有疑问代词who或which 为了避免重复 关系代词用that 7 Whichwasthehotel wasrecommendedtoyou A thatB whichC whereD it 6 Isoxygentheonlygas helpsfireburn A thatB C whichD it 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰 先行词前有序数词 thefirst 形容词最高级 thebest thelast thevery theonly等时 关系代词用that 5 Thelastplace wevisitedwastheGreatWall A whichB thatC whereD it 1 先行词为all little much everything nothing something anything等不定代词 2 先行词被all little much every no 等修饰时 3 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰 先行词前有序数词 thefirst 形容词最高级 thebest thelast thevery theonly等时 4 先行词为人和物的组合 5 若主句中有疑问代词who或者which 为了避免重复 关系代词用that 只用that的情况 考点一 that与which的区别 1 Jimpassedthedrivingtest surprisedeverybodyintheoffice A whichBthatCthisD it 只用which的情况 1 逗号后面2 介词后面 2 Theday hewasbornwasAug 20 1952 AonwhichBthatCwhichD this 一个句子 两个定语从句 为避免重复 一个用that 另一个用which LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrary wasnewlyopentous AthatBwhichCwhereDas Anyone breaksthelawispunished Those breakthelawarepunished He breaksthelawispunished 在one anyone those指人时一般用 who he she I they作先行词时 用 who 代替 that 考点二 that与who的区别 who who who 考点三 介词 关系代词 提醒 介词 关系代词引导的定语从句 关键是判断介词的选择 方法一 根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配 方法二 根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系 注意 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时 从句常常由 介词 关系代词 引出 此时关系代词只能用which或whom 不可用that或who代替 1 Themanwithwhomyoushookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster 2 Theroominwhichmyfamilyliveusedtobeagarage ThemanisfromBeijingUniversity Italkedabouthimatthemeeting Theman who whom that ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity ThemanaboutwhomItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity 关系代词紧跟在介词后面时 不能用that 也不能省略 常用which或whom 该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前 也可放在从句之尾 但遇固定词组时 介词一般紧跟词组主体 不作前置 Isthisthebook which that youarelookingfor 考点四 as与which引导的定语从句 两者均可引导非限制性定语从句 有时可以互换 但下列情况多用as 1 当与such或thesame so as连用时 一般用as SuchbooksasyoutellmeareinterestingIhavethesameplanasyou 2 as引导的从句可以放在句首 as本身有 正如 正象 之意 与之连用的词有know see expect Announce pointout等 Asweallknow theearthisround 1 En