四种类型命题作文.doc

4Compositions I 【涉及某一事物的正反两方面的命题】Sample 1: Write an essay in 150 words on Shopping on the Internet based on the outline given below.Outline:(1) Shopping on the Internet is very popular;(2) the advantage of shopping on the Internet;(3) the disadvantage of shopping on the Internet.Shopping on the InternetIn todays information age, shopping on the Internet has become more and more popular in our lives. Consumers can buy almost everything they need online. Shopping on the Internet has a lot of advantages, of which the most important is perhaps its convenience. People can save a lot of time as well as energy by shopping without stepping out of home. This is especially desirable to the old, the sick and the busy people who cannot go to the shops in person. All they need to do is to sit in front of their computers and click on the mouse. The goods they order will be delivered to them promptly.However, shopping on the Internet also has its disadvantages. Firstly, consumers cant see the goods or try them on personally. Sometimes, the real goods may not be the same as those on the computer. Secondly, some shops on the Internet are not registered. They will never deliver anything to you after they get the money from you. Once cheated, you will find that you have nowhere to go to complain. 简评：本题旨在训练比较型论说文的写作能力，即论证分析一食物的正反两面，并作出结论。因文章框架已通过各段落主题句给出，只需根据各段主题句展开论述即可。第一段开门见山直接点题，即信息时代网上购物日渐普遍；第二段和第三段分别阐述网上购物的优缺点。内容上，作者给出了一些具体的例子，如“the old, the sick and the busy people”；每一个小点（firstly, secondly）也有两句话展开，并没有点到即止。结构上，however 一词在二、三段间起了承上启下的连接作用，而firstly, secondly的使用使得论述的逻辑和层次感加强。语言表达上，简单句与复杂句混合使用，语言富于变化，如 “of which the most important is perhaps its convenience”, “This is especially desirable to the old, the sick and the busy people who cannot go to the shops in person. All they need to do is to sit in front of their computers and click on the mouse”, “Once cheated, you will find that you have nowhere to go to complain.”Sample 2Advantages and Disadvantages of Having a Part-time JobAt present, more and more university students are doing part-time jobs. They work as shop assistants, salespersons, waiters and so on. Like everything else, having a part-time job has both favorable and unfavorable aspects. 引入主题：part-time jobs 存在着优缺点Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows. First, students can have the chance of earning pocket money and thus reduce their parents financial burden. In addition, they can give full play to their professional knowledge and skills. Above all, by watching and studying society, they can gain an insight into things that their textbooks can never teach them. Thus, they can form their own thoughts and become mature.(in addition 部分)内容进一步拓展 But every coin has two sides. The disadvantages of having a part-time job are also obvious. To begin with, students may have less time to relax or feed themselves mentally. They may feel university life is tiring and uninteresting. 内容补充，第一点(To begin with) 没有“点到即止”。 To make matters worse, some students have not enough time to review their lessons and they will fall behind others in study. Worst of all, 层层递进 some students regard earning money rather than acquiring knowledge as more important. Through above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects outweigh the negative aspects. Therefore, to a certain degree, students will benefit a lot from their part-time jobs if they can keep a good balance between part-time jobs and studying. 总结概括，注意观察文字表达 II. 【谈论个人观点的命题（存在两种观点并提出你的观点）】 1) 对立观点式 A有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么？ B 有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么？ C我的看法。2) 批驳观点式 A一个错误观点。 B 我不同意。Sample Study Abroad or in China?There is no consensus of opinions among people as to whether students should study abroad or not. Some people are of the view that the youths should go overseas for further study if possible, while others take an opposite stand, firmly believing that it is of no necessity It is + 名词 = It is + (名词相应的) 形容词，这里相当于 it is necessary for for students to study in a foreign country. 开头部分即开门见山摆出了两种观点（Some people while others）正式的书面表达非常多，句式较复杂，漂亮!Those people who maintain that it is good for students to go abroad for further study believe that diverse culture background can broaden students horizon. 阐述A方观点。本句包含了几个从句，注意主句的动词是 “believe” They also claim that overseas study can shape students personality because they are forced to deal with all kinds of difficulties by themselves.Nevertheless, the other people who contend that domestic education is good enough for students argue that our educational quality has been greatly improved during the past decade.阐述B方观点。本句也包含几个从句，注意主句动词是 “argue” They also point out that domestic education is convenient and economical.As far as I am concerned, the former opinion holds more weight 我的观点看法, 后面进一步展开阐述： For one thing, For another thing. For one thing, it can strengthen the learners abilities to understand and communicate with people from other cultures. For another, the developed countries still have a lot advanced knowledge which is worth our study. When all the factors are examined, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that studying abroad if possible is advisable.最后再一次总结我的观点III. 【问题解决型命题“How to”】 How to Succeed in a Job Interview?With the development of 铺垫，现象 job market, job interview plays an important role in job-hunting. It is necessary that 关注解决现象引出的问题很必要 we should learn some tricks to perform better in a job interview. On the one hand 理由一, a job interview offers interviewees and interviewers respectively a chance to know each other within a very short time. On the other hand 理由二, excellent performance in an interview will enable the interviewees to exert a good impression on the interviewer and finally win the job.Therefore, how to 承上启下句，要解决的问题succeed in job interview is worth paying attention. Firstly 办法一, interviewees should dress neatly and properly. Secondly 办法二, interviewees should be confident. For example举例解释解决办法二, when asked about professional questions, interviewees should give a clear and definite answer. Thirdly 办法三, interviewees should have some knowledge about the company and the position they apply for. In other words阐明解决办法三, interviewees should prepare themselves something about the interview in advance so as to show that they attach vital importance to the job.In fact, the ways to succeed in a job interview are countless.解决问题的办法多种多样 Its time that强调解决问题时不可待 we laid stress on interview because its the first step of our work experience. IV. 【观点论证型命题】It Pays to be HonestIt is true that It is true that指出普遍存在的观点most of us value honesty highly. However However,谈不同的观点, nowadays we often confront confidence crisis such as cheating, overcharging, fake commodities and so on. I think that we should be honest because being honest is not only beneficial to ourselves but also to others and the whole society. I think提出自己的观点，即文章的论点The reasons can be listed as followslisted as follows转向观点的论证. FirstlyFirstly,论证理由一, only honest people can be truly respected by the others and can make more friends over a long period of time. SecondlySecondly,论证理由二, honesty, which is th