2014年北京成人学位英语冲刺试题及答案八.doc

Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choi Too often young people get themselves employed quite by accident, not knowing what lies in the way of opportunity for promotion, happiness and security. As a result, they are employed doing jobs that afford them little or no satisfaction. Our school leavers face so much competition that they seldom care what they do as long as they can earn a living. Some stay long at a job and learn to like it; others quit from one to another looking for something to suit them. The young graduates who leave the university look for jobs that offer a salary up to their expectation. Very few go out into the world knowing exactly what they want and realizing their own abilities. The reason behind all this confusion is that there never has been a proper vocational guidance in our educational institution. Nearly all grope (摸索) in the dark and their chief concern when they look for a job is to ask what salary is like. They never bother to think whether they are suited for the job or , even more important, weather the job suits them. Having a job is more than merely providing yourself and your dependants with daily bread and some money for leisure and entertainment. It sets a pattern of life and , in many ways, determines social status in life, selection of friends, leisure and interest. In choosing a career you should first consider the type of work which will suit your interest. Nothing is more pathetic than taking on a job in which you have no interest, for it will not only discourage your desire to succeed in life but also ruin your talents and ultimately make you an emotional wreck (受到严重伤害的人) and a bitter person. 1. The reason why some people are unlikely to succeed in life is that they_. A have ruined their talents B have taken on an unsuitable job C think of nothing but their salary D are not aware of their own potential 答案:B 逻辑推理题。第一段的主题句很清楚地告诉我们，有些年轻人是很偶然才找到工作的，因此他们在工作中很少或基本不能获得满足感。由此可知，他们不太可能成功的原因是他们没有找到合适的工作。 2. The difficulty in choosing a suitable job lies in that_. A much competition has to be faced B many employees have no working experience C the young people only care about how much they can earn D schools fail to offer students appropriate vocational guidance 答案:D 细节题。第二段提到“The reason behind all this confusion is that there never has been a proper vocational guidance in our educational institution”可见，大学生之所以在找工作时有很多误区，原因主要在于学校未能提供就业方面的培训和指导。 3. Which of the following statements is most important according to the passage? A Your job must suit your interest. B Your job must set a pattern of life. C Your job must offer you a high salary. D Your job must not ruin your talent. 答案:A 细节题。第三段的首句说“In choosing a career you should first consider the type of work which will suit your interest”其中的first与题干中的the most important为同义改写。 4. The best title for this passage would be_. A What Can A Good Job Offer B Earning A Living C Correct Attitude on Job-hunting D How to Choose A Job 答案:D 主旨题。本文讲的是如何选择一份好工作，故应选D。 5. The word pathetic in paragraph 2 most probably means_. A splendid B miserable C disgusted D touching 答案:B 词汇题。根据“Nothing is more pathetic than taking on a job in which you have no interest，”我们可以判断pathetic应该表示贬义，因此答案就只能从B和C中选择；其次，根据后面的两个动词“discourage”和“ruin”，我们就可以确定答案为B。pathetic此处意为“糟糕的，差劲的”。 The advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists (经济学家). It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited. To feed a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worded intensively. Thus , each person produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population. Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them. One of the difficulties in carrying out a worldwide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be the first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate, whatever the consequences may be. In the highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birth rate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline. 6. A smaller population may mean_. A higher productivity, but a lower average income B lower productivity, but a higher average income C lower productivity, and a lower average income D higher productivity, and a higher average income 答案:D 本题考查的是考生对细节的把握。见第一段，人口多时“each person produces less and this means a lower average income”人口相对少时情况相反。因此D选项符合题意。A、B和C选项均不符合题意。 7. According to the passage, a large population will provide a chance for developing_. A agriculture B transport system C industry D national economy 答案:B 本题考查的是考生对具体句子意思的把握。见第一段最后一句，“Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports，roads and railways，which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them。”依据这句话，举例“roads and railways”提示我们选“transport system”。概括成B选项。其余选项文中找不到根据。 8. In a developed country, people will perhaps go out of work if the birthrate_. A goes up B is decreasing C remains stable D is out of control 答案:B 本题考查的是考生对关键句子及整篇文章的把握。第二段指出，“A decreasing birth rate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods”这个题在文章中找不到直接的答案，必须通过间接的推理和排除。低出生率导致失业。所以选B。 9. According to the passage slowly rising birthrate perhaps is good for_. A a developed nation B a developing nation C every nation with a big population D every nation with a small population 答案:A 本题考查的是考生对文章细节的把握。第二段最后一句，“the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population，rather than one which is stable or in decline发达国家政府更希望看到人口缓慢增长而不是”可见，低增长的出生率更有利于发达国家。 10. It is no easy job to carry out a general plan for birth control throughout the world because_. A there are too many underdeveloped countries in the world B underdeveloped countries have low level of industrial development C different governments have different views about the problem D even developed countries may have complex problems 答案:C 本题考查的是考生对全文的整体理解。“One of the difficulties in carrying out a world-wide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials在世界范围实施总体的计划生育不是一个简单的工作”，原因在开头提到“态度各国不同。” Languages are remarkably complex and wonderfully complicated organs of culture. They contain the quickest and the most efficient means of communicating within their respective culture. To learn a foreign language is to learn another culture. In the words of a poet and philosopher, As many languages as one speaks, so many lives one lives. A culture and its language are as necessary as brain and body: while one is a part of the other, neither can function without the other. In learning a foreign language, the best beginning would be starting with the nonlanguage elements of the language: its gestures, its body language, etc. Eye contact is extremely important in English. Direct eye contact leads to understanding, or, as the English saying goes, seeing eye-to-eye. We can never see eye-to-eye with a native speaker of English until we have learned to look directly into his eyes. 11. The best title for this passage is_. A Organs of Culture B Brain and Body C Looking into his eyes D Language and Culture 答案:D 本题考查的是考生对全文主旨的把握，此题要求选择题目(title)。一般来讲，题目要求简单精炼，能概括文章主题或中心(subjecttheme)。英文文章讲求逻辑性，一般一段文字由主题句(topic sentence)和支撑句(supporting sentences)构成，且主题句多在段首。这段文字即为如此(又如Passage 2)：首句是主题句，概述语言和文化的关系，接下来的几句具体论述。从In learning起，基于语言和文化的关系谈论如何学好外语。因此选D。 12. According to this passage, the best way to learn a foreign language is A to read the works of poets and philosophers_. B to find a native speaker and look directly into his eyes C to begin by learning its body language D to visit a country where you can study 答案:C 本题考查的也是考生对具体细节的理解。此类题要求回溯原文，答案对应文章的第六句话：In learning a foreign language，the best beginning would be starting with the non-language elements of the language：its gestures，its body language，etc从这句中得出答案C。 13. According to this passage, gestures are_. A spoken words B a non-language element C pictures in a language D written language 答案:B 本题考查的也是考生对具体细节的理解。选B，理由同上。 14. As many languages as one speaks, so many lives means_. A if one learns many foreign languages, one will have a better understanding of his own language B life is richer and more interesting if one knows several languages C no matter how many languages one knows, one can never know more than ones own culture D if a person speaks only one language, he will live a very happy life 答案:B 本题考查的也是考生对具体句子的理解。所谓“词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇”，因此要理解一句话的意思，就要把它放回原文，在上下文的语境中理解。这段文字论述语言和文化的关系，这句话的前后两句都在论述语言和文化的紧密联系，因此这句话就是在说：如果一个人懂多种语言，那他就了解了多种文化，生活就变得丰富多彩起来。另外也可从排除法的角度看。从常识排除C、D。AB中再根据以上分析做答。 15. Which of the following doesnt share the same meaning with the others? A signs B gestures C efficient D body language 答案:C 本题考查的也是考生对具体细节的理解及常识的把握。答案对应倒数第三句话，由此可判断BD属non-language elements；常识判断A也是。因此选C。 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding lett 16. His wife had the front door painted green yesterday,_ she? A did B didnt C had D hadnt 答案:B 此题考查的是反意疑问句。这里谓语是had，故反问是didnt。 17. With oil prices keeping_, people are hesitating whether to buy a car or not. A rising B arising C raising D arousing 答案:A 此题考查的是近义词用法辨析。Rise为不及物动词，表示升高；arise也为不及物动词，表示：出现，发生，意思不符；raise为及物动词，表示提高，饲养；arouse为及物动词，表示唤醒，引起。在这里是“油价不断上升”，故选rise。 18. All the arrangements should have been completed prior_ our departure. A in B to C by D before 答案:B 固定搭配。prior to在之前。如：Theyre planning to talk to Joe prior to the meeting在我们离开之前，所有的事情都必须办好。 19. Pierre often makes himself_ by gesturing with his hands. A to understand B understanding C to be understood D understood 答案:D make oneself understood：使自己的意思被别人明白。本句的意思是：“他经常通过打手势让别人明白他的意思。” 20. _is known to all, too much smoking will cause lung cancer. A That B It C As D What 答案:C as在此处做代词用，指代“too much smoking will cause lung cancer”译文众所周知，过量吸烟将易得肺癌。 21. People appreciate_ with him because he has a good sense of humor. A to work B working C to have worked D have working 答案:B appreciate doing sth，为“欣赏，感激，很高兴干”，这句话意思是：人们喜欢跟他一起工作，因为他幽默感很强。 22. The results of the survey are interesting and they_ more questions than they can answer. A bring about B prohibit C project D benefit from 答案:A 本题考查动词辨析。bring about，引发，带来；prohibit禁止，阻止；project设计，投射；benefit from，从中获益。题意为这个调查的结果引发了很多问题，有些问题调查者也无法回答，选A。 23. It was not until it got dark_ working. A that they stopped B when they stopped C did they stop D that they didnt stop 答案:A 本题考查的是强调句型。It is not untilthat是对notuntil结构的强调，意思是直到什么时候才。本句的意思是直到天黑他们才停止工作。 24. I suppose you are not serious, _? A do I B dont I C are you D arent you 答案:C 本题考查的是反意疑问句，原则：如果前半句是肯定的那么后半句是否定的，如果前半句是否定的那么后半句是肯定的。Serious是形容词要用be动词修饰。 25. Who can it be? Im quite_ a loss to guess. A of B on C in D at 答案:D 固定搭配，at a loss不知所措。 26. _ the advice of his friends, he would not have suffered such a heavy loss in his business. A If he took B If he should take C Were he to take D Had he taken 答案:D 虚拟语气。表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；条件状语从句省略了if，助动词提前。如果他听了朋友们的建议的话，他就不会损失这么大了。 27. The girl is not happy at the new school. She has_ friends there. A few B a few C little D quite a few 答案:A 词义辨析。前一句提到女孩在学校不开心，所以我们知道她的朋友很少，因此选A。译文这个女孩在新学校不开心。她在那里没有什么朋友。 28. There was a large crowd in the square_ against the war. A protecting B protesting C preventing D promoting 答案:B protest against：对某事提出抗议，固定搭配。本句的意思是：“广场上有大批人群正在抗议战争。”因此B最符合题意。Prevent sib from doing sth：阻止某人做某事protectfrom：使免受伤害。promote提升，提拔。 29. He abandoned a career that_ to his becoming one of the most influential people in the world. A could have led B would lead C should have led D must lead 答案:A 本题考查情态动词表示虚拟语气的用法。与过去事实相反，是couldshould have done，本可能本应该做(但实际没这样做)。因为是客观情况，不涉及是否应该，所以选择A could have done 30. In learning English we should not_ our students of their mistakes all the time. A remind B remember C remain D remark 答案:A remind of固定搭配，表示提醒remember记得remain仍然，保持remark备注，注释。 31. The little village hasnt changed much_ a new road and two more stores. A except B besides C except that D except for 答案:D 表除了前面说的条件，剩下的，except表示除了。 32. The doctor advised her that she_ enough rest before going back to work. A to get B get C gets D got 答案:B 虚拟语气。在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中用虚拟语气：(should)+动词原形。医生建议她充分休息好后再重返工作。 33. Evidence came up_ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old. A where B that C which D what 答案:B 本题考查的是连词辨析。这里that后面的从句是一件具体的事情，即六个月大的婴儿能够识别特殊的说话声音，这是一个完整的句子。而where连接地点；which连接一样东西；what指代某物或某事，但后面不是完整的句子。 34. Mr. Smith, together with his wife and children,_ going to the party this weekend. A am B is C are D will 答案:B 此题考查主谓一致的用法。当主语后跟有with，along with，together with，besides，except，including，as well as，rather than等词时，谓语动词不受词组的影响，仅和第一个主语保持一致。本句的意思是：“史密斯先生和他的妻子和孩子周末去参加宴会。”因此B最符合题意。 35. _at Harvard, he began to write his essay. A Busy was as he B Busy as was he C Busy as he was D As was he busy 答案:C 本句考查让步状语从句的用法。as引导让步状语从句时，句子部分倒装。如：Young as he is，he knows a lot of things虽然他年龄不大，可知道的事情很多。本句意思是：“虽然他在哈佛大学很忙，但他又开始写作了。” 36. If the wounded soldier had been given first_, he would not have died. A help B aid C care D attention 答案:B first aid表示急救这句话的意思是如果这个受伤的战士能得到及时的治疗，他就不会牺牲。 37. The children looked up as the planes passed_. A overall B overhead C outward D forward 答案:B 当孩子抬头看的时候，飞机从他头上飞过。overall全部的，全面的。overhead在头上的outward外表的forward前进的。 38. The little boy saw the plane_ and burst into flames. A complete B compel C crash D clutch 答案:C 本题考查的是形近词辨析。Complete：完成，全部的；compel：强迫；crash：坠毁；clutch：攫住。See sth do：看到某物怎么样。根据题意应当是小男孩看到飞机坠毁，故选C 39. He spent_ collecting materials for his article. A a half year B half year C half a year D half of a year 答案:C 本题考查的是一半的说法：half aan+名词，比如半小时：half an hour 40. The definition leaves_ for disagreement. A a small room B much room C great deal room D not so big a room 答案:B room：空间，地方；不可数名词。much修饰不可数名词。而deal后又不能直接跟room，因此B为正确答案。本句的意思是：“这个定义留下许多争议的余地。” 41. A man is being questioned in relation to the_ murder. A advised B attended C attempted D admired 答案:C 此题考查的是过去分词辨析。主要根据是其动词含义。A是被建议的；B是被参加的；C被试图的；D被钦羡的。attempted murder是“故意杀人”固定说法。 42. Some people like drinking coffee, for it has_ effects. A promoting B stimulating C enhancing D encouraging 答案:B 此题考查的是动词变成形容词的用法。Promoting没有这种用法，promotive表示促进性的；stimulating为刺激性的，是由stimulate“刺激”一词演变而来；enhancing为增强性的；encouraging鼓励性的，在这里咖啡是具有刺激性的，故选stimulating。 43. Im afraid that there isnt_ for you in my car. A place B seat C corner D room 答案:D “车里没有足够的地方让你坐”Droom可作不可数名词表示空间，地方。Aplace可数名词与题不符。Bseat座位。可数，如果用可数名词前面应有修饰词或冠词，而原题没有，排除。Ccorner角落。 44. When are you going to visit your uncle in Chicago? As soon as_ our work for tomorrow. A were complete B wed complete C well complete D we complete 答案:D 时态用法。As soon as一就，其引导的从句中用一般现在时表将来，如：Ill call you as soon as I get home我一到家就给你打电话。译文你们准备何时去芝加哥看你叔叔?干完明天的活就走。 45. When there are small children around, it is necessary to put bottles of pills out of A hand B hold C place D reach 答案:D 短语辨析。out of hand无法控制，立刻，如：The boys have got quite out of hand男孩子们变得无法控制。The situation needed to be dealt with out of hand这情况需要立即处理。out of hold，并无此搭配。out of place不在合适的位置，不适当的，如：His clothes are quite out of place at a formal dinner他的衣服不适合出席正式餐会。out of reach够不着，如：Keep chemicals out of the reach of children把化学品放在孩子们够不着的地方。应选D。译文有小孩在时，应该把药瓶置于他们够不着的地方。 Part III Identification (10%) Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the cente 46. (Look at) the beautiful (flowers) here ! (How) wonderful they (are smelling). A A B B C C D D 答案:D 应改为smellsmell为系动词，本身便表示状态，不用进行时。 47. (Looking