四六级议论文写作套路分类.doc

四六级议论文写作套路分类通过对四六级真题作文的统计和分析，我们将四六级作文分类如下：从题材上看，四六级作文主要分为“社会热点类”、“学生学习类”和“校园生活类”；从体裁上看，四六级作文通常包括“议论文”、“应用文”和“图表作文”。一、议论文从2007年12月到2011年12月，大学英语四六级考试作文体裁都是议论文。四六级议论文可以细分为“观点对比型”、“观点论证型”、“现象论述型”和“问题解决型”。（一）观点对比型此类作文一般为提纲式命题作文，议论文体裁。通常要求考生先论述对立的两种观点，或剖析某一社会现象的利弊优劣，然后提出自己的看法或建议。1. 写作套路第一段提出要论述的主题，指出人们对此观点不一；第二段分别论述人们对此主题（或现象）的不同观点（往往是对立的）及理由；第三段表明作者自己的观点并给出理由。2. 写作模版【模版1】第一段 At present, there is a heated debate on_. As for such an issue, different people hold different opinions. 提出要论述的主题，点明人们对此观点不一。第二段 Some people believe that_. They point out the fact that _. They also argue that_. However, other people stand on a different ground. They firmly believe that_. For instance, _.指出种观点与理由。转折，引出另外一些人的观点并举例论证。第三段 As for me, I am in favor of_. For one thing, _.For another, _.表明作者自己的观点，提出支持作者观点的理由。【模版2】第一段 Recently, when it comes to_, peoples opinions vary from person to person.提出要论述的主题，点明存在不同观点。第二段 Some people believe that_ most because_. However, other people take an opposite side. They argue that_. First of all _. Secondly, _.Finally, _.指出一种观点与原因。转折，引出另外一些人的观点并论述理由。第三段 As far as I am concerned, I am supportive of the view that_. On the one hand, _. On the other hand, _.表明作者自己的观点，分析支持作者观点的理由。3. 真题作文【例1】CET-4 (2006-12-23)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Spring Festival Gala on CCTV. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会2. 有些人提出取消春节晚会3. 我的看法高分范文点 评Spring Festival Gala on CCTVThe approach of the Chinese Lunar New Year poses a national issue concerning the necessity of holding the CCTV Spring Festival Gala. As for such an issue, different people hold different opinions.Many people, especially the mid-aged people and senior citizens uphold the importance of the traditional performance. They point out the fact that the most striking feature of this gala is its traditionally close link with ordinary peoples lives. They also argue that this gala as an annual staple on the traditional Chinese Spring Festival Eve. Consequently, this gala as an annual staple on the traditional Chinese Spring Festival Eve. However, some individuals, especially young people stand on a different ground. These young people firmly believe that it should be canceled or replaced by other programs. For instance, they can go travelling or go dancing to celebrate the Spring Festival.As for me, I am in favor of the view that the grand gala should be held. For one thing, it plays a vital role in the celebration of Chinese New Year. For another, to increase its appeal and meet young adults need, the upcoming performance should invite some big names including super stars from Hong Kong and Taiwan. Lets eagerly anticipate this unforgettable evening show.开门见山，提出要讨论的问题：举办春节晚会的必要性的争论。紧扣提纲，指出许多人喜欢看春节晚会的原因。转折，引出有些人提出取消春节晚会并举例论证。表明作者自己的观点，提出支持作者观点的两个理由。【例2】CET-4 (2008-6)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Recreational Activities. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1. 娱乐活动多种多样2. 娱乐活动可以使人们受益，也可能带来危害3. 作为大学生，我认为 高分范文点 评Recreational ActivitiesAbundant recreational activities are available for people to release their stain and stress, ranging from sports events to online activities. There is hot debate on whether they are good for the public or not, especially for college students.As for such a question, different people hold different views. Some people believe that recreational activities are helpful if we want to keep healthy physically and mentally. While, an opposite voice can also be heard by asserting that recreational activities may bring about many problems meanwhile. For example, some young people are easily addicted to the virtual world, which not only wastes their too much time, but also hinder them from focusing their attention on their study.As a college student, I hold a belief that recreational activities do more good than harm. On the one hand, they do give us a good chance to relax and build good personal relationships with others. On the other hand, so long as we can arrange our spare time reasonably, we will definitely benefit more from colorful and diversified recreational activities.开门见山，摆出事实。提出要讨论的问题：社会对娱乐活动益害的争论。紧扣提纲，分别论述两种对立的观点提出作者自己的观点，论述支持作者自己观点的理由。（二）观点论证型此类作文通常是命题作文，议论文体裁，有时会给出写作提纲，有时没有提纲，但会提供一句话语（如调侃或谚语等）。要求考生针对某一观点进行论证，论证的方式有“举例、原因分析、比较与对比、下定义”等。1. 写作套路第一段引出要论述的话题，表明作者的观点；第二段提供论据，诠释观点；第三段重申观点或提出建议。2. 写作模版【模版1】第一段 In recent years, _ has been brought into public focus. There is no doubt that _. 引出要论述的话题。表明作者的观点。第二段 As we all know, _ plays a crucial role in _. First of all _. Secondly, _. Finally, _.承接上文，表明重要性。提出论据，证明观点。第三段 Considering the above discussion, effective measures must be taken to _. In the first place, _. In the second place, _. Only in this way can we_.承接上文，提出应该采取的措施。强调主题观点。【模版2】第一段 The saying (or proverb), _, illustrates (indicates or interprets) that _. In fact, _. 引用提供的话语并指出其内涵。接着点明主题。第二段 As we all know, _ plays an important role in _. In the first place _. For example, _. Moreover, _.承接上文，表明重要性。提出论据，证明观点。第三段 As college students, we should _. In deed, _.练习大学生实际，提出与主题相关的观点。强调主题观点。3. 真题作文【例1】CET-4 (2009-12)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Creating a Green Campus. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1. 建设绿色校园十分重要2. 绿色校园不仅是指绿色的环境3. 为了建设绿色校园，我们应该高分范文点 评Creating a Green CampusIn recent years, extravagance and waste have become increasingly serious in some of the university campus. We can see that papers, bottles and cans are thrown away after use; food is wasted just because of its poor taste; clothes are discarded simply owing to their old fashion. As a consequence, people in mounting numbers put great emphasis on creating a green campus.A green campus, rather than anything else, plays a decisive role in the healthy growth of college students. Meanwhile, it should also be mentioned that a green campus means not only the places where the students live, but also the healthy mental environment. On the one hand, more tree and flowers should be planted and natural resources such as water and electricity must be conserved. On the other hand, education to build up thrift habits must be promoted to shape pure souls of college students. Considering the above discussion, it is crucial for us to take effective measures to create a green campus. In the first place, it is essential that university authorities should carry out and enforce relevant law and regulations. In the second place, it is high time that we should enhance the awareness of college students that creating a green campus is of utmost significance to both society and students themselves. Only in this way can we get satisfactory results.引出话题，表明观点。承接上文，表明建设绿色校园的重要性。紧扣提纲，指出绿色校园不仅指绿色的居住环境，而且指健康的精神环境。从两个方面论证绿色环境的深刻内涵。承接上文，提出应采取的措施。从两个方面具体论证建设绿色校园的有效举措。【例2】CET-4 (2011-12)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write an essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting the humorous saying, “Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. Ive done it hundreds of times.” You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.高分范文点 评Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillThe humorous saying, “Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. Ive done it hundreds of times”, illustrates the astonishing yet common occurrence that many people try hard to give up a bad habit but in vain. They fail because they lack a strong will. In fact, nothing succeeds without a strong will.Take Thomas Edison for example. He is well-known for his large number of inventions which were created through thousands of unsuccessful experiments. Had it not been for his strong will, he would have merely been wasting time and money achieving nothing. Not surprisingly, Edisons perseverance is actually a common quality among successful people.As college students, we should bear in mind that a strong will helps set a clear goal for people and provide its owner with the motivation and encouragement in face of difficulties. Indeed, success goes to those who are equipped with a strong will. A man with a strong will is a man who cannot be defeated.引用提供的话语并指出其内涵。接着点明主题。承接上文，以大发明家托马斯爱迪生为例，论证主题观点。本段主题句。联系大学生实际，提出与主题相关的观点。强调主题观点。（三）现象论述型此类作文通常是提纲式命题作文，议论文体裁，有时是“学生学习类”或“校园生活类”题材，题目就是某一现象。要求考生剖析造成某一现象的原因，提出解决措施等。1. 写作套路第一段引出要论述的现象，可以简单举例；第二段剖析造成某一现象的原因；第三段提出建议。2. 写作模版【模版1】第一段 In recent years, _ has become increasingly common. For example, _. 引出要论述的现象。举例。第二段 Several factors may account for such phenomenon. In the first place, _. Additionally, _. Last but not least, _.深刻剖析造成某一现象的原因。第三段 In order to _, a dozen of measures should be taken. First of all, _. Furthermore, _. Finally, _.承接上文，提出应该采取的具体措施。【模版2】第一段 For most of us today, _.引出要论述的现象。第二段 This phenomenon is mainly attributable to two factors. On the one hand, _. On the other hand, _.深刻剖析造成某一现象的原因。第三段 As far as I am concerned, I _. For one thing, _. For another, _. 提出作者自己的观点并加以论证。3. 真题作文【例1】CET-4 (2010-6)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1. 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2. 出现这种现象的原因3. 为了改变这种现象，我认为高分范文点 评Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling?These days when learning English, a large number of students fail to pay due attention to spelling. Easily found in their essays are spelling mistakes which to some extent affect communication.Several factors may account for such phenomenon. In the first place, the wide use of network language with short-formed words and non-standard spellings should be responsible. It sets up a bad example for students to follow. Additionally, the time and effort devoted to different aspects of English learning have a lot to do with it. Oral English and listening skills have gained great attention, while spelling and writing training is inadequate. Last but not least, it is the students themselves that ignore the importance of correct spelling.To reverse the trend, joint efforts are needed. Teachers need to emphasize on spelling in class. On the part of students, its high time that they recognized the significance of spelling and tried to avoid spelling mistakes. By doing so, correct spelling will be guaranteed in the near future.开门见山，引出要论述的现象。剖析造成某一现象的三个原因。承接上文，提出应该采取的具体措施。【例2】CET-4 (2007-12)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled What Electives to Choose? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1. 各学校开设了各种各样的选修课2. 学生选课有不同的原因3. 就我而言高分范文点 评What Electives to Choose?With the remarkable educational reform and the increasing students demand, universities strive to offer a variety of elective courses for students to choose from. Some higher institutes provide the optional courses of cross-cultural communication, and some colleges have computer science on the curriculum of elective courses.There are three main reasons for students election of courses. In the first place, students tend to take personal interest into consideration when they opt for an elective course. Possibly, thats a why cross-cultural communication courses are prevailing on campus. Additionally, some students may choose to take a certain course in order to obtain an extra certificate for their job hunting after graduation. Last but not the least, to make up for their required credits is another reason as students select a course.As far as I am concerned, Im inclined to choose electives based on both the value of the courses and the interest of my own. I am taking geographic research and discovery course in that Ive been greatly keen on science since I was a kid.引出要论述的现象。举例。剖析造成某一现象的三个原因。提出作者自己的观点并举例加以论证。（四）问题解决型此类作文通常也是提纲式命题作文，议论文体裁，题材则有“社会热点类”、“学生学习类”或“校园生活类”等，有时题目就是某一问题。要求考生剖析某一问题的危害，结合自身实际提出解决办法或建议。1. 写作套路第一段引出要论述的某一问题；第二段剖析某一问题的危害；第三段结合作者自身实际，提出解决办法或建议。2. 写作模版第一段 Nowadays, _ has becomes a problem attracting the public attention. 引出要论述的问题。第二段 As we all know, such problem has caused (may cause) substantial impact/harm on _, which has been articulated in the following aspects. First of all, _. Whats more/worse, _. Last but not least, _.剖析某一问题的危害。第三段 In my humble opinion, several measures should be taken to_. First of all, _. Furthermore, _. Finally, _.结合作者自身实际，提出解决办法或建议。3. 真题作文【例1】CET-4 (2010-12)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2. 为了让孩子独立，父母应该高分范文点 评How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?These days many parents tend to make all decisions for their children for fear that they might do something wrong. It is not unusual to witness that an increasing number of children are accompanied by parents on their first day in college. But this practice turns out to make their children increasingly dependent on them.As we all know, childrens lack of independence may cause substantial harm on their healthy development, which has been articulated in the following aspects. First of all, in such a world full of fierce competition, being independent becomes essential for a would-be success. Whats worse, children remain to be children all their life, which weakens the competitive force of our nation.For their childrens future development, parents should help them to be independent. In my humble opinion, the earlier they take measures to do so, the more benefit their children will get. Parents should first teach their children how to make plan, an indispensable skill for their future survival. Parents should also give their children more freedom, a must to childrens independence. If the children only follow rules set by their parents, they will never gain the sense of independence. Most importantly, parents should be open to different ideas from their children. If children feel that their ideas are well listened to and are respected, they will become more confident. To sum up, parents should provide their children with plan-making skill,