定语从句考点分析.doc

定语从句要点、考点一。定义：修饰名词或者代词的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰的名词或者代词叫先行词；定语从句的引导词叫关系词（关系代词&关系副词）；二 分类：定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句（前有逗号隔开）三引导词：引导定语从句的关系代词有：that which who whom whose as；关系副词有：when where why四结构：先行词（名词、代词充当）+关系代/副词（做从句的句子成分）+从句其他判断下列各句是否含有定语从句：. Im sure that your dreams will come true.2. This is the book that Im looking for.3. She was so surprised that she couldnt move.4. Do you know who the teacher is talking to?5. We are going to see the little girl whose mother is seriously ill in hospital.6. He is not the man that he was.7. He told me that he would leave for Beijing.8. Just try and youll see you can do it.五定语从句的考点：（一）考查先行词Is this book you are looking for？Is this the book you are looking for？Athat B。the one C。what D。 when（二）考查从句主谓一致1Anyone who （want）to have a holiday puts up your hand.2Those who （want）to have a holiday put up your hand.3This is one of the students who （have）passed the exam.4This is the only one of the students who （have）passed the exam.（三）考查介词+关系代词类定语从句中介词的选择a. 介词之后的关系代词只能用which（先行词为物）或者是whom（先行词为人）b. 介词的选择方法有三个原则：一“先”二“动”三“意义” I lost my pen, which I took notes. This is the house which he lives. The gas is oxygen which we cant live. 1She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction had taken more than three years。Afor which B。with which C。of which D。to which2Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future。Aon which B。by which C。to which D。from wich3Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time。Aof which B。 with which C。about which D。into which4He wad educated at the local high school， he went on to Beijing Universit。Aafter which B。after that C。in which D。in that5The house I grew up has been taken down and replaced by an office building。Ain it B。in C。in that D。in which（四）考查关系词的用法（最多）1. that 与which 在指代物时的用法区别that 和which都可以引导先行词为物的定语从句，但是用法有区别： 只能用that的五种情况a. 先行词为不定代词或先行词由不定代词修饰时b. 先行词前有最高级或序数词修饰时c. 先行词即有人又有物时d. 先行词前有the very, the only修饰时e. 主句为which,或who 引导的特殊疑问句时 只能用which的两种情况a. 非限定性定语从句中b. 介词之后引导定语从句时（1）Ive read all the books are not mine（2）Who is the girl drove the car? （3）we have 47 students and 47 desks are new here in our classroom. （4）Julie was good at German， French and Russian，all of she spoke fluently。Awho B。whom C。that D。which（5）Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt， is a stupid thing to do in such weather。 Athis B。that C。 what D。which (6)Whenever I met her, _ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.A.who B.wich /c.when D.tat 2which与as的区别as 和which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句，三种情况下只能用as，不能用whicha. as置于句首引导定语从句时（As we know,）c. 先行词前有such, the same 修饰时（such an easy question as the little boy can answer.）3. who、whom、that 的区别 a.先行词为those或people 时，常用关系代词who,不用that b.介词之后用关系代词whom引导定语从句4. whose 用法 whose+n. 引导定语从句的结构是定语从句的一个考查热点，此结构可以换成是the+n.+of+which引导定语从句或者可以换成是of which +the+n. e.g.The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of which were made of small diamonds. whose hands / of which the hands（1）There are in this class 20 students, _ are different.A.whose backgrounds B. The backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose（2）Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. What（3）The school shop， customers are mainly students，is closed for the holidays。Awhich B。whose C。when D。where（4）Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly。Awhat B。whose C。which D。that5. 先行词为way时 先行词为way，在定语从句中作状语时，用that，in which引导定语从句，也可以省略关系词。e.g. I dont like the way he speaks to his parents.6. 关系副词when、where、when引导定语从句的具体用法 先行词表示时间、地点、原因时，在定语从句中作状语，选择相应的关系副词when、where、why引导定语从句。若其在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则选择关系代词引导定语从句。区别三组例句： he lives.a. This is the place he visited last year. my brother was a little boy.b. I still remember the time we spent together. he was late.c. This is the reason he gave us. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream.A. when B. where C. that D. which 某些非地点时间名词有定语从句修饰，关系词在从句中作状语，由where引导定语从句（stage, case, point, situation）；同样用法的还有occasion,表时间，用when；表地点，译为场合，用where引导定语从句。 e.g. I can think of many cases students know a lot of words but dont write a good essay. There are many occasions people dont know what they want. This is not an occasion for laughter, you must take things seriously.7. 区分定语从句和其他句型区别于简单句和并列句 , most of are boys. (定语从句There are 70students in our class , most of are boys. （并列句） . Most of are boys. （简单句）区别于强调句型 It is in the factory he works. (强调句型)It is the factory he works. （定语从句）It is in the classroom we have classes the meeting will be held。区别于同位语从句 she had passed the exam （同位语从句：对名词解释说明）The news excited us. he told us （定语从句：对名词修饰限定）区别于状语从句Do you know the time the class is over? (定语从句，有先行词)Lets play games the class is over.（时间状语从句，无先行词）Put the book it belongs. (地点状语从句，无先行词)（1）His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _ it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what8. 定语从句中关系词的省略定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词可以省略，介词之后的关系代词不可省略。This is the house which he lives in. ( )This is the house he lives in. ( )This is the house in which he lives. ( )This is the house in he lives. ( )9分隔的定语从句(1)The days are gone_ physical strength was all you needed to make a living .A. when B. that C. where D. which(1)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, _we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A. which B.where C.who D.that(2)She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other.A.which B.what C.where D.whom(3)Youll find taxi waiting at the bus station_ you can hire to reach you