YY讲座：中考10种最需要注意的时态.docVIP

初中生课堂YY在线（频道：84114375）YY在线名师讲座：12月9日（周五晚8：00开始讲）英语10种最需要注意的时态考点归纳时态是表示谓语动词所指动作发生时间的各种形式，英语动词用不同的时态表示不同时间所发生的动作，动词通过不同形式的变化表示不同的时态。英语动词的时态总共有16种，中考主要涉及10个，它们分别是：1. 一般现在时 （动词原形或第三人称单数形式）（1）主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time，sometimes, every day 等时间状语。He usually goes to work at 7 oclock every morning.She has a brother who lives in New York. The earth goes around the sun.Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. （2）表示客观规律和永恒真理、科学事实等，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. （3）在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时，常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment，the minute 条件：if, unlessIf he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. （4）表示按计划、规定要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但仅限于少数动词。如：begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start等。The train leaves at nine tomorrow morning.2. 现在进行时（be+现在分词，be有三种形式：am,is,are）(1) 表说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与now, at present等时间状语连用, 如：We are having English class. The little boy is always making trouble. (2)和always, continually等连用，表一种经常反复的动作，常含有某种情感。如：He is always doing good deeds.3. 现在完成时(have/has +过去分词)(1) 表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在;常与just, already, once, never、lately, recently, yet, up to now，till now; so far, these days 等词连用。Has it stopped raining yet?(2) 或动作一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，常与for + 时间段或since + 时间点、时间段、时间状语从句连用They have lived in Beijing for five years.They have lived in Beijing since 1995.（3） 在表示“最近几世纪/年/月以来”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。in the past few years/months/weeks/days, over the past few years, during the last three months, for the last few centuries, through centuries, throughout history 等In the past 30 years China has made great advances in socialist construction.（4） 表示“第几次做某事，在 “It is the second timethat” 后面用现在完成时。This is my first time that I have visited China.This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. 4. 现在完成进行时（have/has+been+现在分词）现在完成进行时是兼有现在完成时和现在进行时基本特点的时态。如：We have been cleaning the classroom.5.一般过去时（动词的过去式）（1） 表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，常与明确的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1945, at that time, once, during the war, a few days ago。（2）used to + do 表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。6. 过去进行时（was/were+现在分词）表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的动作。如：The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.What were you doing at nine last night?7. 过去完成时（had + 过去分词）表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用。如： The train had already left before we arrived. There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.By the end of last term we had finished the book.注：表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.8. 一般将来时（shall/will + 动词原形；be going to + 动词原形）表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, next year等连用。如：Ill meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.Were going to see a film next Monday.注：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 9. 将来进行时（will be + 现在分词）表示将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。Ill be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.10. 过去将来时（would +动词原形；was/were going to + 动词原形）过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间看了将要发生的动作或存在的状态。如：Yesterday she said that she would study English as well.注：在英语复合句中，从句中的动词时态，特别是宾语从句中的动词时态，通常在一定程度上受到主句动词时态的制约，这种现象在英语语法中称为时态呼应。Exercises:I. 用所给动词的正确形式天空。1. He _ (come) back a month ago.2. My mother often _ (tell) me _ (not read) in bed.3. Why _ you _ (keep) me _ (wait) here for so long a time?4. Please come to our meeting if you _ (be) free tomorrow.5. In his letter, he said that he _ (miss) us very much.6. You had better _ (go) by bus, or you _ (be) late.7. I _ (tell) Tom the good news as soon as I see him.8. Great changes _ (take place) in our country since 1949.9. We _ (play) football when it began to rain. We had to stop and go home.10. ike _(be) away from here for about two hours.11. He told me that he _ (visit) the Great Wall the year before.12. Do you know I _ (see) the film last year?13. There _ (be) a physics test next Monday.14. John stopped _ (have) a rest because he _ (work) for three hours.15. Our geography teacher told us the earth _ (go) around the sun.16. -_ you _ (do) your homework yet?-Yes. I _ (do) it a moment ago.17. He _ (look) worried when coming into the teachers office.18. I _ (meet) a friend of mine when I _ (walk) in the street last Sunday. I _ (not see) her for five years.19. To solve the maths problems _ (not be) easy work for the pupils now.20. The students of Class One _ (have) a meeting from three to five yesterday afternoon.21. The Greens _ (leave) for Mount Tai next Saturday.22. Its a long time since we _ (meet) last , isnt?23. So far, spaceships without people _ (reach) the moon and some other parts of the universe.24. I _ (lose) my pen this morning. I havent found it yet.25. Where _ you _ (be)? I _ (look for) you all the time.Answers: 15 came; tells, not to read; have you kept, waiting; are; missed; 610 go, will be; will, tell; have taken place; were playing; has been; 1115 had visited; saw; will be; to have, had worked; goes; 1620 Have, done, did; looked; met, was walking, hadnt seen; isnt; were having; 2125 are leaving; met; have reached; lost; have been, am looking forII. 选择填空。1. He _ to the park on Sundays.A. go B. goes C. do go D. did go 2. _ your mother _ some cleaning on Saturdays?A. Does, has B. Do, does C. Does, do D. Do, do 3. Look! The boy students are _ football while the girls are _.A. playing, dance B. playing, dancing C. play, dancing D. play, dance 4. When she _ next time, I _ her everything.A. is going to come, shall tell B. will come, shall tell C. comes, will tell D. come, will tell 5. Be careful! The train _.A. will come B. is going to come C. comes D. is coming 6. I _ 1,000 English words by the end of last term.A. have learned B. had learned C. would learn D. was learning 7. How long _ you _ the bicycle?A. have, bought B. have, had C. did, buy D. do, buy 8. The children want to know if Miss Green _ free tomorrow.A. is B. is going to C. will D. will be 9. Listen, the music _ nice.A. sounds B. is sounding C. is sound D. was sounding 10. He _ early every morning from now on.A. gets up B. is getting up C. has got up D. will get up 11. Our teacher told us that light _ faster than sound.A. travelled B. travels C. was travelled D. had travelled 12. Mr. Brown is not at home. He _ to the library.A. has gone B. has been C. had been D. had gone 13. He said he would go to the cinema with us if he _ free.A. is B. were C. was D. will be 14. Tom _ his homework after breakfast.A. dont B. doesnt C. dont do D. doesnt do 15. He _ with us yesterday morning.A. doesnt go swimming B. goes swimming C. didnt go swimming D. went to swimming 16. There _ a basketball match in our school the day after tomorrow.A. will have B. will be C. is going to have D. would have 17. How long _ you _ French before you went to Paris?A. had, studied B. have, studied C. do, study D. would, study 18. My mother _ breakfast while I _ my face this morning.A. cooked, was cooking B. was cooking, was washing C.