备战3013新课标高考 甘肃高考研讨会英语资料11 动名词.doc

动名词一、 构成语态时态主动被动一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been donee.g. give: giving; being given having givenhaving been given否定式：在动名词前加not，如：not having been givenExercises: 请写出 write, ask, make 的动名词的各种形式。二、 功能动名词可以起名词的作用，在句中可以作主语，表语，宾语，也可以作定语或同位语；同时，动名词还保留其动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语、状语和逻辑主语。1、作主语Going to university is not easy.若动名词短语太长，可以作形式主语，作真正主语的动名词短语移到句尾。Its no easy working with him.2、作表语Her job is teaching. = Teaching is her job.3、作宾语：作宾语时指作及物动词和介词的宾语。I hate getting up late.Im proud of having a friend like you.Thank you for your helping us.4、作定语Theres a swimming pool in our school.He is holding a burning stick in his hand.The man standing there is a professor from Harvard University.5、作同位语My hope, going to university, will come true.三、 常见的考点讲练I、动名词的复合结构1、动名词的逻辑主语习惯上用物主代词或名词所有格形式。如：Do you mind my smoking?Marys coming late made her teacher very angry.We are looking forward to the heros coming to speak to us.2、在口语和非正式英语中，这种结构如不在句首时，常用人称代词宾格代替物主代词，用名词普通格代替所有格。如：I dont mind Xiao Wang going.She hates people losing their temper.His father agreed to him becoming an engine-driver.但如果动名词复合结构放在句首，则不能这样代替。如：(Mary) coming late made her teacher very angry.(Him) interrupting made them unhappy.3、 辑主语是无生命名词或较长的名词词组时，一般用普通格，而不用所有格。如：Usually at the beginning of school, the noise of desks being opened and closed, and lessons repeated at the top of the childrens voices could be heard out in the street.We suggested his sister going to see a doctor.4、 作逻辑主语的名词前有一个物主代词或名词所有格作定语时，动名词的逻辑主语习惯上采用名词的普通形式。如：We were talking about Wang Fangs brother failing in the exam.We suggested her mother having a rest.5、 当逻辑主语为this, that, these, all, both, everything等时，这类代词形式一般不变。如：Why not insist on everything being done at once?I have never thought of that bursting forth like a fire.Is there any chance of everybody going there?Exercises:1) How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden?A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. to be taking答案为C。此题易误选。题干中的How about? 与What about?用法相同，意思是“你认为怎么样？”用来征求意见询问，其后可接名词、代词和动名词。“the two of us”是选项C的逻辑主语，它们一起构成动名词的复合结构，作How about的宾语。此题若删掉“the two of us”，难度将大大减小。2) I would appreciate _ back this afternoon.A. you to callB. you callC. your callingD. youre calling答案为C。appreciate为及物动词，作“欣赏”，“感激”等讲，接动词时其后要接动名词作宾语。正确答案为C，为动名词复合结构。若把your calling 中的your改成宾格代词you,也同样正确。3) I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A. sailB. to sailC. sailingD. to have sailed答案为C。imagine要接动名词作宾语，故首先应排除B和D。若把imagine后面的部分看作宾语从句而选A也不正确，因为imagine不象require, order等动词后面可接动词原形，故舍去。正确答案C与题干中的Peter一起构成动名词的复合结构，作imagine的宾语。此题难就难在动名词复合结构中的逻辑主语为普通格，如在Peter之后加上s,此题难度就会小得多。More Exercises:4) _ trying this new method will lead him to success.A. Comrade LiB. Comrade LisC. HimD. He5) They insisted on _ being treated as ordinary workers.A. theirB. themC. theyD. A and B6) Is there any hope of _ winning the red banner?A. your workshopsB. your workshopC. you workD. A and B7) Janes summer vacation in England led to _ an Englishman.A. her marryB. her being marriedC. her to marryD. her marrying8) _ here on time made her angry.A. His not gettingB. He not to comeC. His not to getD. Not his getting(4) B(5) D(6) B(7) D(8) AII、只能跟动名词作宾语的动词1、常见的动词：mind, miss, appreciate, avoid, finish, excuse, enjoy, escape, imagine, suggest, practice, keep, delay, forgive, pardon, bear, resist, stand, prevent2、常见的短语：give up, put off, set about, feel like, insist on, object to, cant help, cant stand (bear), fall to, get(become, be) used to, be worth等。Exercises:1) I really enjoy _ that kind of job. A. doB. doingC. to doD. to be doing2) I cant imagine _ that with them.A. doB. to doC. being doneD. doing3) Would you mind _ your radio a little, please?A. turn offB. turning offC. to turn downD. turning down4) People couldnt help _ the foolish emperor in the procession.A. laughed atB. to laugh at C. laughing atD. laughing on5) What are you going to do this afternoon? Im thinking of _ to visit my aunt.A. goB. goingC. to goD. gone6) They would not allow him _ across the enemy line.A. to risk goingB. risking to goC. for risk to goD. risk going7) I didnt feel _ going out for a walk.A. soB. asC. ratherD. like8) Did you have any trouble _ the post office?A. to have foundB. with findingC. to findD. in finding(1) B(2) D(3) D(4) C(5) B(6) A(7) D(8) DIII、既可以跟不定式也可以跟动名词的动词。remember, forget, stop, regret, try, mean, learn, like, hate, love, continue, start, begin, go on等1、 remember to do 记着去做remember doing 记得（过去）曾做过Please remember to write to me often. 请记着给我写信。I remember writing to you many times.forget to do 忘记去做forget doing 忘记过去做过的事Dont forget to post the letter for me. 别忘记替我把那封信寄走。I forget seeing you somewhere.我忘记了在哪儿见过你。2、regret doing/regret having done/regret to have done 对已经做的事感到后悔regret to do 表示抱歉，遗憾She regretted giving up the chance. 她后悔错过了这次机会。I regret to say that shes ill.3、try to do 设法、企图去做try doing试一试，试着做I tried to find a job here.Lets try working it out in another way.4、mean to do打算做 mean doing 意味着I didnt mean to hurt you.Revolution means liberating productive forces.5、 stop to do停下来去做stop doing 停止做We stopped to rest.Stop talking.6、like, love, hate, flatter等词。He likes swimming, but he doesnt like to swim today.7、begin, startHe began to understand what you said.The snow began to melt.She is beginning to move.8、learnHe learns swimming.Learn to swim.Exercises:1. Dont you remember _? A. seeing the man beforeB. to see the man beforeC. saw the man beforeD. to have seen the man before2. The light in the office is still on. Oh, I forgot _.A. turning it offB. to turn it offC. turn it offD. having turned it off3. Go on _ the other exercise after you have finished this one. A. to doB. doingC. withD. to be doing4. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a rock by the side of the path.A. to have restedB. restingC. to restD. rest5. I usually go there by train. Why not _ by boat for a change?A. to try goingB. trying to goC. to try and goD. try going(1) A(2) B(3) A(4) C(5) DIV. 在need, require, want, worth之后用动名词主动表示被动。但在need, require, want之后也可以跟不定式。如：My shoes need mending.I need to mend my shoes.My shoes need to be mended.Exercises:1. The library needs _, but itll have to wait until Sunday.A. cleaningB. be cleanedC. cleanD. being cleaned2. This sentence needs _.A. a improvementB. improveC. improvingD. improved3. This page needs _ again.A. being checkedB. checkedC. to checkD. to be checked(1) A(2) C(3) DV. 完成式、被动1. Do you remember _ me at a party last year?A. meetB. to meetC. meetingD. met2. She didnt remember _ him before.A. having metB. have metC. to meetD. to having met3. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _.A. catchingB. to be caughtC. being caughtD. to catch(1) C(2) A(3) CMore Exercises:1. Mrs Barkley ca