过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作.doc

过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。它是一个相对的时态,只有在和过去某个时间或动作相比较时才会用到.。 E.g. : By the end of the match, they had kicked two goals. We had already had lunch before we arrived there. 其结构是“had+过去分词”。它的否定句是在had后边加not，变一般疑问句是把had提前。 E.g. I had reached the station before 9:00 oclock. I had not reached the station before 9:00 oclock. Had you reached the station before 9:00 oclock? 它通常和before, by the end of 等引导的表示过去的时间状语连用. 另外, 复合句的主句为一般过去时, 宾语从句表达过去发生的动作时,从句也要用过去完成时. e.g. He said he had never seen such an exciting match before. 做题时常见错误如下： 一、had形式易写错 例：He had (have) gone home when I got to his office. 答案：had 析：have/has 的过去式都为had, had 在过去完成时中也是助动词, 不能再有单三人称的变化。二、易与现在完成时弄混 例：He asked what I have (have) said. 答案：had 解析：现在完成时强调对现在的影响或结果而过去完成时强调对过去的影响或结果。 三、易与一般过去时弄混 例：She lived (live) in New York for eight years before he came to China. 答案：had lived 解析：一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。 而过去完成时主要体现过去发生的两动作先后有别，即比过去发生的某动作还要“过去”，两动作中先发生的是过去完成时，后发生的则只用一般过去时。1. When Li Ming hurried home, he found that his mother _already _to hospital. A. has; been sent B. had; sent C. has; sent D. had; been sent2. We _five English songs by the end of last term. A. had learned B. learned C. have learned D. will have learned3. Han Mei told me she _lunch, so she was very hungry. A. has had B. hasnt have C. have had D. hadnt had4. By the end of 1976, many buildings _built in the city. A. have been B. have C. had been D. will5. She _her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _home. A. has left; comes B. had left; would come C. had left; came D. left; had come6. He said that it was at least ten years since I _a good drink. A. had enjoyed B. was enjoying C. have enjoyed D. have been enjoying7. The meeting _when Mr. Wang _to school. A. has begun; get B. has been on; get C. had begun; got D. had been on; got 二、1 When I returned home, he _ (leave).2. By ten yesterday evening, she _(finish)writing.3. He _ (study) English for five years before he came here.4. It _ _ (stop) raining when I wake up this morning.5. I _ (not read) the book because I had read it before.6. She said she_ (be) born in 1992.7. When he _(come) to China two years ago he found people didnt understand him at all though he _(learn) some Chinese in his own country.8. I saw Han Mei yesterday. We _(not see) each other since left Beijing.9. When I got to his home, he_(go) to bed.10. She asked if Mr. Liu _ already _(come) back.过去完成时的构成: had +.(过去分词) 用法：1、 与by, before, by the end of引导的表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：by then, by before nine oclock yesterday, by the end of last year, by the age of twenty, by the time I arrived 2、 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。例如：When I returned home, my guest had already left.I did not see the film because I had seen it before.3、常用于told, said, knew, heard, thought, asked等动词后的宾语从句。例如：She said (that) she had never been to Paris. He asked what I had said.现在完成时和过去完成时的区别：现在完成时强调对现在的影响或结果, 过去完成时强调对过去的影响或结果。1. 单项选择1He asked me _ during the summer holidays.A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone 2. What _ Jane _ by the time he was sever?A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done3. I _ 900 English words by the time I was ten。A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt4. She _lived here for _ years.A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _ the dinner already.A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked6. She said she _ the principle alreadyA .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen7. She said her family _ themselves _ the army during the war.A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with8. By the time he was ten years old, he _D_.A. has completed university B. has completed the universityChad completed an university D. had completed university9. She had written a number of books _ the end of last year.A. for B. in C. by D. at 10. He _ to play _ before he was 11 years old.A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano. 11. What _ Annie _ by the time he was ten?A. did, do B. did, did C. has, done D. had done 12 .He _ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.A. has worked B. works C. had worked D. will work13. By the end of last week, they _ the bridge.A. has completed B. completed C. will complete D. had completed14. Ben hates playing _ violin, but he likes playing _ football.A. athe B. the the C. / the D. the/15. By the time he was 4, he _ a lot of German words.A. had learned B. has learned C. learned D. learns 16 .Jim turned off the lights and then _ the classroom.A. was left B. had left C. has left D. left 17.They _ in Guangzhou since 2000.A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. were living18. The train from Beijing_ ten minutes ago.A. has arrived B. was arriving C. arrived D. had arrived19. The students _ their classroom when the visitors arrived.A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned20. Fergie_ the project in one hour.A. have finished B. will finish C. finishes D. has finished21. The man _ his coat and went out.A. put on B. had put on C. will put on D. was putting on22 My mother_ in that factory at the age of 18.A. had worked B. has worked C. worked D. works23. Dad _ while he _ TV.A .fell asleepwatch B. was falling asleepwatched C. fell asleepwas watching D. had fallen asleepwatched2.用动词的适当形式填空1. We _ (paint) the house before we _ (move) in.2. That rich old man _ (make) a will before he died(die).3. They _ (study) the map of the country before they _ (leave).4. The robbers _ (run away ) before the policemen arrived (arrive).5. I _ (turn off) all the lights before I _ (go) to bed.6. Paul _ (go) out with Jane after he _ _ (make) a phone call.7. Tom _ (say) he had read_the book twice.8. Our plan _ (fail ) because we _ (make) a bad mistake.9. When the chairman _ (finish) speaking, he _ (leave)the hall.10.The Reads _ (have) lunch when I _(get) to their house.11.When I _(arrive) at the station, he _(leave).12.We _(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term.13. I waited until he _(finish) his homework.14. We were surprised at what she _already _(do)15.She _(not go) to Qingdao because she _ (go) there before.16. He _ (not tell) you the news yet. 17. He said he _already_(give) the book to the teacher.18. I _(be) to Shanghai before. 19. She told me she _(be) to Sanya three times.20.She _(play) the guitar while her sister_(sing).3句型转换1I had sold the ticket when she came.（改否定句） 2.She had sung a song to us before she danced.（改否定句） 3.They began to climbed the mountain after they had bought all the food and drink.（否定） 4.By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry. （改一般疑问） 5.Lucy had already completed the project when I arrived.（改一般疑问） By the time he got to the airport, the plane had taken off. （改一般疑问）.7. He showed us a picture. Then he showed us around the house. 用过去完成时连接两句) Before he _, he_ 8.When he had read the note, he ate it. （对划线部分提问）9.Jack didnt go to the cinema because he had seen the film. （对划线部分提问）10.We had had the toys for ten years before we gave them to the child. （对划线部分提问）11.She had written the book by the end of 1960. （对划线部分提问）12.We cooked the dumplings. We ate them up. （用过去完成时连接两句） 13.Jims father mended the car. It was broken. （用过去完成时连接两句）14.We had our tests. Then we had a long holiday.( 用过去完成时连接两句)After we _, we _ 时态综合练习1. We _out by that time that he_ a thief for a longtime.A. had found, had been B. had found, wasC. found, had been D. found, was2. It so happened that they_ the novel before. A. had read B. would read C. were reading D. read3. She_ for nearly two hours. A. kept talking B. kept to talk C. has kept talking D. kept to talking4. Spring_ after winter.A. comes B. came C. has come D. had come5.-I hear some noise in the next room. -Oh, yes. Your sister_ there.A. cries B. is crying C. cried D. was crying6. All the students_ to plant trees and theres nobody in the classroom.A. go B. will go C. have gone D. wound go7. Stop! A little boy_ the street.A. is crossing B. crosses C. crossed D. has crossed8. The girl_ to milk since last winter.A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. would learn9. What_ to you this morning?A. happens B. is happened C. happened D. was happened10. -The old man looks healthy.-Yes. He_ some running after he gets up. A. does B. did C. has done D. will do11. She didnt pass the exams because she_ her lessons well.A. wasnt prepared B. wasnt been preparedC. hadnt prepared D. was preparing12. This story_ in a faraway village in Europe many years ago.A. is happened B. was happened C. happened D. has been happened13. -Mr King came back to our village.-Really? For what? -The old man_ the noise in the city.A. is hating B. hates C. was hating D. has hated14. His father _ for a week.A. died B. will die C. has been died D. has been dead15. My mother is ill. I _stay at home and look after her.A. has to B. must C. would D. have to16.-Do you know the Frenchman? -Yes. I _him for two years.A. know B. have known C. knew D. have been known17. They_ all their money, so they have to walk home.A. spend B. had spent C. have spent D. will spend18. Great changes_ in the city, and a lot of factories_. A.have been taken place, have been set up B.have taken place, have been set up C.have taken place, have set up D.were taken place, were set up19. -When did Kates grandma die? -While the doctors_ on her. A. are operating B. were operating C. operate D. operated20. -Who are you looking for? -Mr White. -Wait here for a while. The class meeting_ over in half an hour. A. is B. will be C. was D. has been21. If shes not at home, you _ try telephoning her at the office. A. will B. could C. would D. need22. All the new words _ up in the dictionary yet. A. have looked B. havent looked C. have been looked D. havent been looked23.I dont want to speak to her, but I _. A. do B. have to C. have to speak D. must to24. Hurry up, or you _ the train. A. miss B. lose C. will miss D. will lose25.The new library _ next week. A. will build B . will be built C. would build D. would be built26.-Wheres Mabel? -She _ ping pong behind the teaching building. A. is playing B. was playing C. played D. had played27. Quite a few tall buildings _ the last two years. A. have been put up B. were put up C. had put up D. put up28. Man-made-satellites_ into space by many countries. A. was sent up B. is sent up C. have been sent up D. has been sent up29. I _ all the words on the black board. May I go home now?B. copy B. will coup C. copied D. have copied30. Nobody knew _ a living in that country. A. to do B. to make C. how to do D. how to make31.The old man needs at most five hours sleep a night ,but he_ for over seven hours tonight. A. has fallen asleep B has slept C has gone to