时间,原因状语从句.doc

Module 5 Newspapers and MagazinesPart One: Teaching Design第一部分 教学设计Teaching Aims and requirements of the unitl Practise talking about belief and disbeliefl Use adverbial clause of timel Use adverbial clause of reasonl Write an essay about favorite newspaper or magazineTeaching proceduresPeriod Two: Grammar and usageStep1: General introduction 1. Introduction of adverbial clause of time ( 时间状语从句 )Warming up Warming up by reading. Turn to page44 and read the sentences in Ex1,2and do the Ex3 1. Read the sentences and choose the correct answer. 2. Do Ex3, try to use the correct tenses in each sentence.Summary of the adverbial clauses of time When we learn the adverbial clauses of time, first we must know which conjunction can lead the clause; second we should pay attention to the tenses used in the clauses. Now, lets have a conclusion: 1. When, while and as can be used in the adverbial clauses of time. e.g.:When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.While I was wondering at this, our schoolmaster took his place.He hurried home, looking behind as he went.2. immediately, directly, the moment and the minute have the same meaning as as soon asin the adverbial clauses. e.g.: The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming. As soon as I heard the voice, I knew father was coming. The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother. The boy burst into tears as soon as he saw his mother. 3. till, until also can be used in the adverbial clauses of time. in example 1and 2 you can use both till and until, but in example 3, only until can be used. 1) He remained there till/until she arrived. 2) He wont go to bed till/until she returns. 3) Until you told me I had no idea of it. 4. before has special meanings in the adverbial clause of time, the negative form mustnt be used in the suborning sentences led by before,pay attention to the translation of the following sentences. 1) We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. 我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。 2) We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。 3）Please write it down before you forget it. 趁你现在没忘把它记下来。 4）Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. 我还没来得及插话他就给我量好了尺寸.5) It will be half a year before I come back.半年之后我才能回来。 5. since can be used in the adverbial clauses of time, much attention must be paid to the tenses used in the sentences. Look at the following examples: 1) I have written home four times since I came back. 2) It is three years since the war broke out. The NMET test ( 相关高考题 ):1) -I am going to the post office.-_ youre there, can you get me some stamps? （NMET 1999）A. As B. While C. Because D. If2) _the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you. ( 1996 上海 ) A. Your having read B. While reading C. If reading D. When you read3) It is almost five years_ we saw each other last time. (2005 北京 ) A. before B. since C. after D. when4) Simon thought his computer was broken _his little brother pointed out that he had fogotten to turn it on. ( 2005 北京 ) A. until B. unless C. after D. because5) -Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?A. While B. the moment C. suddenly D. once (Keys: 1B, 2D, 3B, 4A, 5B)2. Introduction of adverbial clauses of reason ( 原因状语从句 )Warming up1) Warming up by reading sentences in Ex1 on page46 and answer the questions.2) Complete the sentences in Ex2.Summary about adverbial clauses of reasonWe often use four conjunctions in the adverbial clauses of reason, they are because, as, since and now that. Look at the following table, there are some differences among them.连词位置内涵语气能否用why回答能否被强调because因为主句前或后直接因果关系强能能as由于主句前或后双方都知道的原因弱不能不能Since/now that既然主句前双方都知道的原因弱不能不能The NMET tests(相关高考题):1） Why do you want a new job _ youve got such a good one already?(NMET1998)A. that B. where C. which D. since2) _youve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.(NMET1999)A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as3) Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses _eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.(2004上海)A. because B. though C. unless D. if4) _everybody knows about it, I dont want to talk any more.（1999上海）A. For B. Even C. Since D. However (Keys: 1D, 2A, 3A, 4C) Step2: Exercises for consolidation1. Exercises for adverbial clauses of time Fill in proper conjunctions of adverbial clauses of time：1. _ he comes tomorrow, I shall ask where he has been. 2. _ he was speaking, everybody listened carefully. 1. I saw her just _ she was getting off the train. 2. . Have a good look at that man _ you pass him. 3. It was already eight oclock _ we got there. 4. Well go to the country _ the summer harvest starts. 5. He learned to speak German _ he was in Berlin.6. Henry is in charge of the office _ Mr. Smith is away. 7. He had learned Chinese _ he came to China. 8. I havent seen him _ he moved to the other side of the town.9. I waited _ he came back.10. It was not _ he took off his eyeglasses that I recognized him. 11. She likes everything to be in place _ she starts to work. 12. The thieves ran away _ they caught sight of the police. 13. They decided to go back home _ their money ran out. (Keys: 1. When 2. While / When 3. as 4. when/as 5. when 6. when 7. while 8. while 9. before 10. since 11. till/until 12. until 13. before 14. as soon as 15. before )2. Exercises for adverbial clauses of reasonTranslate the following into English by using because, as, since and now that.1. Why were you absent from yesterdays meeting? _ ( 因为我病了。). 2. _ (由于下雨),we shall not go to the park. 3. _ ( 既然大家都到了 ), lets begin our meeting. 4. We had better hurry _ (因为天快黑了).5. _ (既然你在大街上见过他), why didnt you tell him about it?6. _ (既然你的女儿已经康复，儿子也通过了高考)，you have nothing to worry about.7. _ (既然没有别的可讨论)，Ill declare the meeting closed.8. _ (因为妈妈感到不舒服)，We didnt go out today.9. _ (由于生活水平提高了)，people take greater interest in traveling.10.Why do you want a new job_ (既然你已经有了这么好的一份工作)？ Keys: 1 Why were you absent from yesterdays meeting? - Because I was ill. 2 As it is raining, we shall not go to the park. 3 Since/Now that everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. 4 We had better hurry as it is getting dark.5 Since you have seen him in the street, why didnt you tell him about it6 Now that your daughter has recovered and your son has passed the college entrance examination, you have nothing to worry about.7 Since there is nothing else to discuss, Ill declare the meeting closed.8 Because Mom felt sick, we didnt go out today. 9. As the living standard improves, people take greater interest in traveling.10. Why do you want a new job since you have got such a good one already? Step3: Homework Write the next paragraph of the first story on page45.Try to contain the following information:l How long has David Bates had a telescope?l Imagine that he