高考 动词考点 20类.doc

高考动词考点20类一、系动词类动词作系动词用时，后面常接形容词或名词，此时动词没有进行时和被动语态。它们是：变化类: become, get, turn, grow, make, come, go, fallgo bad / hungry / mad / wrong; fall ill, fall asleep, come true, grow old感官类: look, sound, feel(觉得，摸起来), taste, smellHe looks sad at the mews and looked at me sadly.Cotton feels soft.The dish looks good and smells good.“显得”类: seem, appear, lookIt looks as if It seems as if / that It appears that状态类: keep, stay, remain, lie, sit, standShe remains excited, in my opinion. prove, turn out1. We had thought the examination would be difficult, but it _ easy. A. turned B. came C. appeared D. proved2. The actress who had been thought highly of _ (to be) a great disappointment. A. turned out B. seemed C. looked D. became二、使役动词类 这类动词接不带to的不定式作宾补，表动作已完成或其全过程；接-ing分词作宾补，表动作正在进行；接-ed分词表被动。在主动结构中宾补不带to，但在被动结构中需加上to。它们是：see, look at, watch, notice, observe; hear, listen to; feel; make, have等。例如：I saw the men playing football when I came here.He often heard this song sung by the famous actress.He often made his sister cry, but this time he was made to cry by his sister.注意：have sb. do sth = get sb to do sth., 1. The cat is the only one of her pets she will have _ on her bed.A. it sleep B. it sleeping C. slept D. sleeping2. The TV set he _ works well now. A. has repairing B. having repaired C. has been repaired D. has had repaired3. Who would you rather _ charge of this job, George or Jack? A. have to take B. to have take C. have take D. have taken三、后接动名词类 此类动词后接动名词作宾语。它们是：avoid, , consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, give up, imagine, keep, keep on, mind, miss, practise, put off, resist, risk, suggest, admit, appreciate, deny, forbid, give up, insist on ,feel like, cant stand, have difficulty /trouble (in) , It is no use good , It is of little use good , it is useless, be busy等。例如：1. The bird was lucky to escape being caught.2. He is always practicing playing the piano after school.3. She looked forward every spring to_ the flower-lined garden. A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in4. I would appreciate _back this afternoon. A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. youre calling四、后接不定式类 这类动词常接不定式作宾语。它们是：afford, agree, aim, arrange, ask, attempt, choose, decide, demand, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, long(v. 渴望,热望,极想), manage, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, swear, want, wish等。例如：1. He cant afford to buy such an expensive car.2. Tom managed to cut down dozens of trees.3. She pretended _me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen五、接动名词、不定式意义不同这类动词既可接不定式类，也可接动名词类。1. 区别不大的有begin, continue, like, love, prefer, start, hate。2. 意义有明显区别的有:try to do 努力做try doing, 试着做; mean to do 打算mean doing 意味着cant help to do 不能帮着做cant help doing 禁不住做remember to do 记得要做remember doing 记得做过regret to do 遗憾要做regret doing 后悔做过forget to do 忘记要做forget doing 忘了做过stop to do 停下来去做另一件事stop doing 停止做go on to do 接下来做go on doing 继续做。1. He remembered to give her the money, but she remembers having been paid already.2. -You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. -Well, now I regret_that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done3.-I usually go there by train. -Why not_by boat for a change? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going4.-The light in the office is still on. -Oh, I forgot_. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off六、“需要”动词类 这类动既可直接接动名词，也可接不定式的被动语态，但二者均可表示被动含义。它们是：need, want, require, deserve等。例如：1. Your sick mother needs looking after. (=Your mother needs to be looked after.)2. This sentence needs_. A. an improvement B. improve C. improving D. improved3. The baby needs_. A. looked after B. looking after C. look after D. to look after七、虚拟语气类动词表示应该（或规劝、命令、建议、要求等）时，其后的宾语从句用should加动词原形，其中should常可省略。它们是：一坚持insist 二命令order, command 四建议advise, suggest, propose, recommend 四要求demand, ask, require, request1. Peter suggested that Tom go there at once.2. Our teacher requires this be done in no time.3. 用 leave 填空 He ordered that we_at once. His order that we _at once was right. The order was that we_ at once. That we _ at once was his order.4. His voice suggested that he_angry. A.is B.be C.was D.were八、主动表被动类 有些用主动表达被动的含义，其后常跟副词well, easily, poorly连用，用来说明主语的特点、性质或状态。它们是：break, burn, cook, cut, drive, eat, iron, keep, play, sell, last, open, shut wear, wash, write, translate, print, run, read, operate等。例如：Dry wood burns easily. The cloth washes well. The paper prints poorly.1.-Have you got a ticket for the concert? -No, the tickets_well and they _out last week. A. sell; were sold B. sell; sold C. sell; have been sold D. are sell; sold 2. It is said that the pen _, so I bought one yesterday. A. writes well B. writes good C. is well written D. is good written九、不用进行被动类 这类动词不能用于被动语态，也不能用进行时。它们是：become, cost, have last, hold（容纳）, fit, stand（忍受）, suit, belong to, consist, exist, depend, happen, take place, run out, break out, give out（耗尽）, go out（熄灭）, burst forth(突然爆发)等。例如：This hall can hold 500 people.China belongs to the third world.十、后接反身代词类这类动词常接反身代词作宾语。它们是：enjoy, sit, dress, present, teach, help, devote, call, find, force等。例如：He taught himself law when free and devoted himself to teaching.十一、否定前移类这类动词在主句以第一人称作主语，其后接宾语从句时，要把从句的否定形式移到主句。它们是：believe, expect, imagine, suppose, feel, guess等。例如：1. To tell you the truth, I dont suppose he can give you any help in such a short time.2. As far as we know, we dont believe we can make such an attempt, can we?3. I dont think he can finish the work, _? A. cant he B. can he C. do I D. dont I4. Mrs Black doesnt believe her son is able to design a digital camera, _? A. does she B. doesnt she C. do we D. dont we十二、计划未能实现类此类动词常用过去完成时加不定式，或用过去式接不定式的完成时态表虚拟语气，表达原来的计划未能实现。它们是：intend, mean, plan, hope, expect, think, want, suppose等。例如：1. I had meant to tell you about it yesterday, but the snowstorm prevented me.2. They hoped to have stayed there a week, but he couldnt because of another important thing.They had hoped to there a week, but he couldnt because of another important thing.十三、现在表将来类 这类动词常用一般现在时，现在进行时表将来时间。它们是：come, go, leave, start, arrive, move, begin, fall, see, stay, take off等。例如：Your plane takes off at a quarter past two in the afternoon.十四、据说类 此类动词常用过去分词形式表示“据说”、“据报道”等意思。常用句型“It+be+-ed+that”形式。它们是：decide, say, know, report, think, believe, suppose, declare, announce等。注意：order, suggest, request后的从句中常用虚拟并可省略should的形式。例如：It is ordered that this design (should) be given up as quickly as possible.It is announced that two teams will have a game in our school.十五、省略替代类 这类动词常接so/not作宾语，以此回答代表前部的不定式等。它们是：believe, guess, imagine, suppose, expect, hope, would like等。但是：hope, fear, be afraid + so / not等不能否定转移。1. -Will it rain this weekend?-I expect so.（否定回答I expect not. = I dont expect so.）2. -Will it rain this weekend?-I hope so.（否定回答I hope not. 不能用 I dont hope so.）3. I didnt mean to call you at late night, but I had to as I did have something important to tell you. (省略了相同部分)十六、情感动词类encourage, excite, inspire, interest, amaze, satisfy, delight, please, move, frighten, surprise, astonish, shock, disappoint, discourage, puzzle, worry, tire, touch, relax, satisfy, 此类动词具有“使”的含义。他们的的现在分词和过去分词已经转化为形容词。ed形式表示被动也一种状态；ing形式表主动。seat和locate 等动词也具有“使”的含义。 1. The news sounds _. (encourage)2. The play was so _ that nearly everybody was _ to tears.(move)3. Looking at her paper, she nodded with a_ smile on her face.(satisfy)4. He looked at me with a_look. (puzzle)十七、 同源宾语类 有些不及物动词可接一个意义与其相同且前面有一修饰语的名词作宾语，即同源宾语。它们是：die, smile, live, dream, laugh, smell, run, sing, whistle, fight等。例如：He died a heroic death.He smiled a forced smile.Then they lived a dogs life.She ran a 100-metre race.The lady laughed a hearty laugh.十八、瞬间非延续类瞬间动词（又叫终止性动词或非延续性动词）表不能延续的动作，在肯定句中不与表达一段时间的状语连用。它们是：go, come, leave, start, return, begin, arrive, stop, finish, borrow, lend, open, close, die, become, break, join, kill, marry, graduate等。marry-be married seat-be seatedhid