被动语态课件.ppt

Thepassivevoice被动语态 LotsofpeoplespeakEnglishintheworld 主 执行者 谓 宾 承受者 Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld 一 被动语态的意义 themeaningofthePassiveVoice 当句子的主语是动作的 时 谓语要用主动语态 theActivevoice 当句子的主语是动作的 时 谓语要用被动语态 thePassiveVoice 执行者 承受者 二 被动语态的构成 theStructureofthePassiveVoice be done 的过去分词 by be有人称和数的变化 当没有必要指出动作的执行者时 介词by短语可以 1 Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld 2 Ahospitalwasbuiltinourhometownlastyear 省略 及物动词 1 一般现在时 thepresenttense Classmeeting everyThursday 2 一般过去时 thepasttense Thesecups bytheboy amisare done done 一 各种时态的被动语态 Thepassivevoiceofallkindsoftenses 每周四召开班会 isheld waswere 这些茶杯杯这个男孩打碎了 werebroken 3 一般将来时 thefuturetense Aspeech give nextweek willshall bedone以及 amisare goingtobedone 4 过去将来时 thepastfuturetense wouldshould bedone以及 waswere goingtobedone Hesaidthataspeech give thenextweek willbegiven wouldbegiven 5 现在进行时 thepresentcontinuoustense amisare beingdone 6 过去进行时 thepastcontinuoustense waswere beingdone Themachine repair atthistimeyesterday Theproblem discuss now isbeingdiscussed wasbeingrepaired 7 现在完成时 thePresentPerfectTense hashave beendone 8 过去完成时 thepastperfecttense hadbeendone Twohundredtrees plant sofar 到现在为止 已经种了二百棵树了 Theysaidthey invite totheparty 他们说他们已经被邀请参加晚会了 havebeenplanted hadbeeninvited 9 含有情态动词的被动语态 thepassivevoicewithmodalverb 1 Goodbooks againandagain 好书应该被反复读 2 Yourhomework afterclass 你的作业必须在课后交上 can couldmay mightmust should need bedone shouldberead mustbehandedin 3 Myshirt now 我的衬衫不必现在洗 needn tbewashed am is aredone was weredone will shallbedoneam is aregoingtobedone would shouldbedonewas weregoingtobedone am is are beingdone was werebeingdone has havebeendone hadbeendone can could may mightshould must need bedone 二 被动语态的否定句和疑问句 1 变否定句Theroomiscleanedeveryday Theroomisn tcleanedeveryday Theflowersshouldbewateredonceaweek Theflowersshouldn tbewateredonceaweek 2 变一般疑问句Istheroomcleanedeveryday Shouldtheflowersbewateredonceaweek 3 变特殊疑问句 划线部分提问 Whatiscleanedeveryday Howoftenshouldtheflowersbewatered 三 被动语态的用法 theusageofthePassiveVoice 1 Hegavemeabook I abook Abook me 1 含有双宾语 即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子 每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语 但通常把间接宾语作主语 如果将直接宾语作为主语 要在间接宾语的前面加上to或for 2 Heboughtmeanewbikeyesterday I anewbikeyesterday Anewbike meyesterday wasgiven wasgivento wasbought wasboughtfor 2 把 make letsee noticehear feel sb sbdosth 变为被动语态时 必须带to即 todosth made letseen noticedheard felt sbis Hemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday Theboy workfortwohoursyesterday wasmadeto 3 短语动词变为被动语态时 不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词 1 Weshouldtakegoodcareofthechildren Thechildrenshould 2 Weshouldspeaktooldmenpolitely Oldmenshould politely betakengoodcareof bespokento 4 不及物动词 vi 不用被动语态如 happen appear disappear 1 Atrafficaccident happen justnow happened 2 She disappear fromthegarden disappeared 5 连系动词 Link v 如 look sound smell taste feel adj 形容词 时 本身已含有被动含义 不用被动语态 1 Theflowers sweet 这些花闻起来很香 2 Thestory interesting这个故事听起来很有趣 3 Thepieceofcloth soft这块布摸起来很柔软 smell sounds feels 6 当某些动词表示事物的自然属性时 不用被动语态 1 Thepen write veryfast 这支笔书写流利 2 Thiskindofsweater sell well 这种毛衣很畅销 3 Thiskindofsweater sellout yesterday 这种毛衣昨天就被买光了 writes sells washes 4 Thiscoat wash well 这件大衣很耐洗 wassoldout 7 不及物短语动词不用被动语态 cometrue belongto runout takeplace comeout breakdown 1 Mydream 我的梦想已经实现了 2 Mymoney 我的钱已经用光了 3 Greatchanges inourhometown 我的家乡已经发生了很大的变化 hascometrue hasrunout havetakenplace 4 Hisnewbook nextmonth 他的新书将在下个月出版 willcomeout 四 巧记被动语态用法 我的变化很生动 主语执行用主动 主语承受用被动 间宾前加for或to 感官使役还原to 短语动词是一家 千万不要拆散它 不及物动词无被动 不要把我误来用 系形组合含被动 无需再来变被动 sell write与wash 表动作有被动 表属性无被动 runout comeout与cometrue 汉语思维像被动 英语思维无被动 以上规则记得住 走进考场准管用 五 冲击中考 When theaccident A was happenB did happenC is happenD was happened2 Thebridges twoyearsago A isbuiltB builtC werebuiltD wasbuilt3 Thiswork atonce A needn tbedoneB needtodoC needdoD needdone4 Computers allovertheworld A isusedB areusingC areusedD usedto B A C C 5 Greatchanges inthepasttenyearsinChina A tookplaceB havetakenplaceC havebeentakenplaceD hadtakenplace 6 Saltinallsupermarkets yesterday A sellsoutB sellingoutC wassoldoutD weresoldout 7 Hervoice sweet A issoundedB isheardC soundsD sounding 8 Thebook well A issoldB sellsC sellD selling B C C B 9 Abirthdaypresent mebymymother A boughtB wasboughtC wasboughtforD wasboughtto10 Anapple