怎样写好英语图表分析作文.doc

怎样写好英语图表分析作文（上）作者：佚名文章来源：本站原创点击数： 3824更新时间：2007-4-29陕西省洋县中学高晓锋白玉龙纵观近几年高考，英语书面表达大致分为材料作文、图表作文和开放作文。且材料作文逐渐被图表作文取代，图表分析作文就是将数据、图像所包含的信息，转化为表意的说明文字。图表分析作文通常比较复杂，学生不仅要弄清提示，还要看懂所给的图表和数据。由于这类试题提示内容少，信息点分散，审题时一定要领会作者的出题意图，弄清主题再动笔：1.单纯描述解释图表信息，按图表所示内容如实表达，不加评论。2.通过叙述图表(或图画)中的内容和数字变化来分析原因，发表议论。(一) 柱状图(BAR CHART)人们日常生活中事物的变化情况通常可以用宽度相等的柱状图形来表示，柱状图的高度差别用来说明事物的动态发展趋势，同时要注意图例说明和坐标刻度所提示的信息。例：你们班会的讨论主题是“上大学是高中生唯一的出路吗？”请你根据下面图表及汉语提示，写一篇短文，并阐述你的个人观点。提示：1.增长学识，提高素养，利于择业。2.成功的路不只一条。3.学费高，就业难。 要求：1.词数：100120左右。2.开头语已为你写好(不计入词数)。3.参考词汇： tuition n.学费qualities n.素养【解题分析】柱状图是高中英语课本中常见的图形，要求学生通过柱状图图中数据和提示内容写一短文，属于比较、对照类。也可根据提示写为议论文。通常我们采取三段式写法：第一段：描述图表，得出结论。第二段：紧扣主题，根据图表比较分析原因，论证结论。第三段：发表议论，提出自己的看法。【提炼要点】分析柱状图数据信息。从图中可看出，黑色代表想上大学，占大多数，约60%；浅黑色代表无所谓，占约30%；白色代表不想上大学，占约10%。One possible versionIs It The Only Way Out To Go To College？We had a discussion about whether it is the only way out for senior students to go to college.Views vary from person to person.The majority of us consider it very necessary to go to college.They think it can widen their knowledge and improve their qualities.Only in this way can they find better jobs after graduation.Very few students， that is about ten percent of the students， think it no use going university， because the tuition is too high for their family to afford.Whats more， its rather hard for college graduates to seek satisfactory jobs.Thirty percent of the students， however， believe “All roads lead to Rome.” Therefore it doesnt make any difference whether they go to college or not.In my opinion， we can receive a better education at college so that we can serve our motherland.【语言亮点】词汇。如：consider，widen，afford，seek，satisfactory。句式。如：形式宾语：The majority of us consider it very necessary to go to college.倒装：Only in this way can they find better jobs after graduation.主语从句：its rather hard for college graduates to seek satisfactory jobs.谚语：All roads lead to Rome.过渡词。如：that is about ten percent of the students，whats more， however， in my opinion。【技巧点拨】1.读懂柱状图坐标刻线及图例说明与文字，比较柱状高低和颜色表示内容及数据。2.学会看趋势、找规律，从整体看图表有何发展变化，找出特点、规律。3.引用图表包含信息，使你的文章“由图而发”，言之有据。【常用句式】1. As can be seen from the chart，.As is shown in the chart，.2. The chart shows that about 60 percent of students want to go to college.3. From the graph/data/results/information above， it can be seen/concluded/shown /estimated.4.The graph shows the changes in the number of.over the period from.to.5.Compared with.，the number of the students of.实战演练观察下列图表，请以“Changes in the Ownership of House”为主题，为校报写一篇短文。注意：短文应包括以下内容：1.根据图示描述该市住房产权的变化。2.分析产生这些变化的原因。3.说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响。要求：1.首句已经为你写好。2.词数100左右。One possible versionOwnership of Houses in a Big City in ChinaAs can be seen from the chart， ownership of houses in a big city in China changed in the past ten years. In 1995， 75 percent of the houses were stateowned. Five years later， the rate of stateowned houses to private ones was 3 to 2. But from then on， the ownership of houses changed rapidly and so far 80 percent of houses have been private.What caused the changes？ There might have been two main reasons. First， from 1995 up to now， the peoples living standards have been improving. Most of them can afford to buy the houses. Second， most people do not save a lot of money in the bank for their children as their parents did in the past. They want to have their own home and enjoy life.Such changes have had a great effect on the development of society. It does good to both the citizens and the government.真题体验(2006湖北)受某英文报的委托，你最近对高中生的英语阅读兴趣做了一次调查。请根据以下信息，用英语为该报写一篇100词左右的短文。短文的标题及首句已为你写好。调查内容：在新闻、故事、科普、学习方法四种英文文章中，学生最喜欢哪一种调查范围：湖北省的10所中学调查对象：高中生调查人数：1,000调查方式：访谈调查结果：(见下图)One possible versionReading Interests of Senior Middle School StudentsRecently， a survey has been done to find out the reading interests of senior middle school students. In this survey， one thousand senior middle school students from ten schools in Hubei Province were interviewed. They were asked which they liked reading most among the four categories of English articles， news， stories， popular science articles and articles about learning methods.The survey shows that more than half of the students like to read news most. Twentysix percent of the students say that English stories are their favorite. Only seven percent of the students are most interested in reading articles about learning methods. However， the number of students who enjoy reading popular science articles doubles that of those who prefer reading articles about learning methods.(二) 曲线图(LINE GRAPH)曲线图常用来表示事物的变化趋势。常分为带时间参照和不带时间参照两种。曲线图的特点是信息集中，一目了然。例：下面的曲线图是我国2006年不同月份汽车事故分布示意图，请以“The number of car accidents in 2006”为题写一篇文章。要求：1.描述不同月份汽车事故分布(distribution)及总趋势。2.描述汽车事故的可能原因和对策。3.参考词汇：peak 顶点，高峰。词数：100120 。【解题分析】英语曲线图作文实际是一篇“解说词”，即通过曲线图提供的信息，分析图中数据，综合出文章的主题。可采取三段式写法：第一段：用简短的几个句子简述图表。第二段：根据图表分类，概括性地描述曲线内容。第三段：对文章整体内容进行结论性总结。【提炼要点】分析曲线图数据信息。从图中可看出，曲线图的横轴代表2006年的不同的月份，纵轴代表交通事故的数量。从交通事故曲线图上可知，前八个月的交通事故的数量有升有降。曲线图在八月份升到了最高点(39)，此后一直呈下降的趋势，十二月份降到了最低点(16)。可见，2006年的交通事故的数量总体上呈下降的趋势。One possible versionThe Number of Car Accidents in 2006From the graph， we can see that there were two peaks of accidents in 2006. One was in Feb with the number of 32.The other was in August with the number of 39， which was the highest point of the distribution line. From August， the number of car accident had been decreasing till it reached the lowest point of the year in December. Two peaks occurred in spring and summer， the two seasons which had most of the years rain. Driving tends to be more dangerous in rainy days. Maybe the weather is the most important reason for car accidents. Be careful， when you drive a car in rainy days.【语言亮点】词汇。如：peak， point， distribution， decrease， reach， occur， tend to。句式。如：宾语从句：we can see that there were two peaks of accidents in 2006.定语从句：which was the highest point of the distribution line.状语从句：.till it reached the lowest point of the year in December.when you drive a car in rainy days. 【技巧点拨】1.认真观察坐标系信息，抓住曲线图变化趋势，结合提供的时间和数据参照寻求切入点。2.根据曲线图的变化过程，尽可能利用所给的文字信息进行分类，比较，总结。3.写作过程中不必要将图中全部数据信息加以描述，只需将典型内容作以分析。4.注意根据有无时间参照确定整篇文章时态。【常用句式】1.As can be seen from the graph， the line shows that.2.According to the graph， we can see/conclude that.3.This is a line graph which describes the trend of.4.The number sharply went up to.5.The percentage of.stayed the same between.6.The figures reached the peaks/bottom.实战演练1.根据下面曲线图，以Car Explosion in China为题，描述我国近10年来私人拥有小汽车情况，说明人们生活的水平的变化和你的看法。短文开头已给出，不计入总词数 。词数：100左右。One possible versionCar Explosion in ChinaAs is vividly described in the table above， great changes in car ownership have taken place in China over past decade. The number of private cars has accordingly increased nearly 7 times from more than 2 million in 1996 to over 14 million in 2006. Whats the reason？There are two main factors for these changes. To begin with， development in economy plays a vital role in these years. The higher incomes results in Chinese peoples owning private cars. Whats more， in modern society， time means money， many Chinese need a car to do business on time.In my view， however， the car explosion will constantly increase year by year， a large number of social problems such as traffic jams， among other things， are turning up nearly every city in China. 2.自1970年至1990年，中国农民个人收入稳步增长，特别是改革开放政策大大促进了农村经济发展。请你根据下面图表及汉语提示，写一篇短文，描述其变化，并简述其原因。提示：1. 根据图表，简析近20年农民平均个人收入情况。2. 简析上述变化的原因。3. 谈谈你的看法。注意：1. 词数100左右。2. 参考词汇： 图表 graph改革开放reform and opening upOne possible versionAccording to the figures given by the graph， the Chinese farmers personal income rose steadily from 1970 to 1990. In the middle of 1970s their income was rather low. Their annual personal income was about 180 yuan. But in 1980 the average personal income increased to 270 yuan. As is shown by the graph， in 1985 their income doubled up to 540 yuan. After that their income are growing sharply. In a word， during the period of 20 years the farmers income had gone up rapidly. There were many reasons for it. Mainly the Chinese government had been carrying out a reform and opening policy， which resulted in the steady growth of farmers income. I believe that with a series of agricultural policies being carried out， there is no doubt that the farmers living standard will be improved to the fullest.柱状图：“比较”（找出similarity）和“对比”(找出difference)，是写作的关键，既要横向总结所有柱状图表的共性特征，也要分别描写各个柱子的个性特征。饼图：是所有图表题中最好写的一种，值得注意的是要处理好如何丰富百分比的表达和“占”的表达。不要一直用数字加百分比的格式，如25%。特定的数字可以采取多样性的表达，如25%=a quarter of, 50%=half of, 50%=a,or the majority of。 曲线图：关键是把握好曲线的走向和趋势，学会general classification,即在第二段的开头部分对整个曲线进行一个阶段式的总分类，使写作层次清晰。接下来在分类描述每个阶段的specific trend,同时导入数据作为你分类的依据。注意不要不做任何说明就机械性的导入数据！可以使用一些比较native的单词和短语来描述trend。表格题：考察例举数字的能力和方法。注意怎样通过举一些有代表性的数据来有效地说明问题。流程图：注意流程图里的“因果关系”或每一流程的“承前启后”关系；表达每一流程的主体内容，阐明这种关系；揭示其内在联系或规律；最后，给予简要归纳和总结。一、图表作文写作常识1、图形种类及概述法：泛指一份数据图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table饼图：pie chart直方图或柱形图：bar chart / histogram趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagram表格图：table流程图或过程图：flow chart / sequence diagram程序图：processing/procedures diagram2、常用的描述用法The table/chart diagram/graph shows （that）According to the table/chart diagram/graphAs （is） shown in the table/chart diagram/graphAs can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures，figures/statistics shows （that）It can be seen from the figures/statisticsWe can see from the figures/statisticsIt is clear from the figures/statisticsIt is apparent from the figures/statisticstable/chart/diagram/graph figures （that） table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how3、图表中的数据（Data）具体表达法数据（Data）在某一个时间段固定不变：fixed in time在一系列的时间段中转变：changes over time持续变化的data在不同情况下：增加：increase / raise / rise / go up 减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall 波动：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave 稳定：remain stable / stabilize / level off 最常用的两种表达法：动词+副词形式（Verb+Adverb form）形容词+名词形式（Adjective+Noun form）二、相关常用词组1、主章开头图表类型：table、chart、diagramgraph、column chart、pie graph描述：show、describe、illustrate、can be seen from、clear、apparent、reveal、represent内容：figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion2、表示数据变化的单词或者词组rapid/rapidly迅速的，飞快的，险峻的dramatic/dramatically戏剧性的，生动的significant/significantly有意义的，重大的，重要的sharp/sharply锐利的，明显的，急剧的steep/steeply急剧升降的steady/steadily稳固的，坚定不移的gradual/gradually渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slightly轻微的、略微地stable/stably稳定的3、其它在描述中的常用到的词significant changes图中一些较大变化noticeable trend明显趋势during the same period在同一时期grow/grew增长distribute分布，区别unequally不相等地in the case of adv.在的情况下in terms of / in respect of / regarding在方面in contrast相反，大不相同government policy政府政策market forces市场规率measure n.尺寸，方法，措施v.估量，调节forecast n.先见，预见v.预测三、考研英语图表写作套句精选1.the table shows the changes in the number ofover the period fromto该表格描述了在年之年间数量的变化。 2.the bar chart illustrates that该柱状图展示了3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding该图为我们提供了有关有趣数据。4.the diagram shows （that）该图向我们展示了5.the pie graph depicts （that）该圆形图揭示了6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of这个曲线图描述了的趋势。7.the figures/statistics show （that）数据（字）表明8.the tree diagram reveals how该树型图向我们揭示了如何9.the data/statistics show （that）该数据（字）可以这样理解10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that这些数据资料令我们得出结论11.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table如图所示12.according to the chart/figures根据这些表（数字）13.as is shown in the table如表格所示14.as can be seen from the diagram，great changes have taken place in从图中可以看出，发生了巨大变化。15.from the table/chart/diagram/figure，we can see clearly thator it is clear/apparent from the chart that从图表我们可以很清楚（明显）看到16.this is a graph which illustrates这个图表向我们展示了17.this table shows the changing proportion of a & b fromto该表格描述了年到年间a与b的比例关系。18.the graph，presented in a pie chart， shows the general trend in该图以圆形图形式描述了总的趋势。19.this is a column chart showing这是个柱型图，描述了20.as can be seen from the graph，the two curves show the flutuation of如图所示，两条曲线描述了的波动情况。21.over the period fromtotheremained level.在至期间，基本不变。22.in the year betweenand在年到期间23.in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 19981995年至1998三年里24.from then on/from this time onwards从那时起25.the number ofremained steady/stable from （month/year） to （month/year）。月（年）至月（年）的数量基本不变。26.the number sharply went up to数字急剧上升至27.the percentage ofstayed the same betweenand至期间的比率维持不变。28.the figures peaked atin（month/year）的数目在月（年）达到顶点，为29.the percentage remained steady at比率维持在30.the percentage ofis sightly larger/smaller than that of的比例比的比例略高（低）。31.there is not a great deal of difference betweenand与的区别不大。32.the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of该图表表明的数目增长了三倍。33decreased year by year whileincreased steadily.逐年减少，而逐步上升。34.the situation reached a peak（a high point at） of%.的情况（局势）到达顶（高）点，为百分点。35.the figures/situation bottomed out in数字（情况）在达到底部。36.the figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough.数字（情况）达到底部（低谷）。37.a is times as much/many as b.a是b的倍。38.a increased bya增长了39.a increased toa增长到40.high/low/great/small/ percentage.比低高（低）41.there is an upward trend in the number of数字呈上升趋势。42.a considerable increase/decrease occurred fromto到发生急剧上升。43.fromtothe rate of decrease slow down.从到，下降速率减慢。44.from this year on，there was a gradual declinel reduction in the，reaching a figure of从这年起，逐渐下降至45.be similar to与相似46.be the same as与相同47.there are a lot similarities/differences betweenand与之间有许多相似（不同）之处48.a has something in common with ba于b有共同之处。49.the difference between a and b lies ina与b之间的差别在于50（year）witnessed/saw a sharp rise in年急剧上升1. At a slower rate.2. It reflects the great differences that exist between.3. These figures were overwhelmingly greater than the corresponding figure of.4. It can be seen from the chart that significantly.er(比较级).than.5. In all locations, A out numbered B.6. These two pie charts (饼状图) show the differences between two groups of.7. The first point to note is the huge increase (in the number of).8. A is more than. times (bigger) than B9. The biggest loss was to A, which decreased from. to. of the whole.10. The biggest gains (in graduate numbers) were made by A which, as a group, have increased by over.11. To sum up, .12. This bar chart displays the numbers of.13. The chart reflects several trends.14. But. we see a different trend emerging.15. When we compare., we see.16. This suggests increased educational opportunities for women in higher education.17. According to the graph, .18. The proportion of.19. There was a slight recovery.20. . has dropped dramatically.21. The general trend appears to be increases.22. There were approximately.23. . had jumped four fold to.24. . rose sharply from. to.25. Remained constant at.26. The overall trend for.27. The graph shows the percentage of.28. We can see that. swell during the. hours, peaking at. am.29. Although the raw data does not provide an explanation for these trends30. When coupled with the graphic information, leads to some possible conclusions.?宫东风老师考研英语图表作文预测及练习：第1篇Study the following pie carefully and rite an essay in which you should1)describe the pie,2)interpret its meaning, and3)suggest counter-measures.You should write about 160200 words neatly ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points) 参考范文(291 words) 爱滋病的感染途径As is obviously betrayed in the pie above, the main contagion (接触传染) channels among Chinas HIV positive cases are drug injection (43.9%), commercial blood donors (24.1%), and sexual contact (19.8%). The statistics have indicated the reality that we are facing and have profound implication for us in terms of AIDS control and prevention.The implied meaning of the pie above which demonstrates how victims were usually infected in the year of 2004 is far-reaching. In the first place, the contagion channel of drug injection should be the top on our agenda. The channel of infection ranks first in the pie above currently in our society the availability of drugs are getting easier. If enough attention is not attached to the control of drug injection, Chinas HIV positive cases will rocket to an alarming figure, which is bound to threaten the stability of our society. Whats more, the contagion channels commercial blood donors and sexual contact should not be ignored by us. The two channels of infection rank second and third respectively. In fact, blood and sex are part of peoples life so that it is more difficult for us to always watch out. However, constant watching-out has become a must due to the cruel reality which is revealed in the pie above. Otherwise, everybody in our society will be in danger of being infected with HIV positive. Counter measures must be taken in order contain the current situation. In the first place, we must offer medical treatment to those who are already infected. In the second place, we must popularize the knowledge of AIDS in our so