时态及其各种基本句式变化.doc

时态及其各种基本句式变化I.一般现在时1.现在存在的某种状态（这种状态相对比较稳定，短时间内不会发生变化）。（ be : am /is /are）I am a teacher. You are a student. He is my sister. We/ You/They are in the classroom.按要求变出句式:1. Tom is in the tree .(否定句,肯定回答) _2.These books are on the desk. (一般疑问句，否定回答)_3.They are from China.(划线提问)_2. 经常性反复性发生的动作。（v. /v+s /v + es）.常和usually, sometimes, often ,always, every day/week 1. We often go to the farm on weekends. 否定句 _ 一般疑问句_ 2.Tom sometimes walks to school. 否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_ 3. Mary always does homework after school.否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_ 3.He plays basketball everyday. (划线提问) _3.表示主语的能力。（can + v） 1.I can swim very well. 否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_ 2. Tom can go to school by himself.否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_ 3. They can come on Sunday.否定句：_ 特殊疑问句：_4.表示主语的喜好。(like /likes) 1.Tom likes to eat some bananas.否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_ 2. I like playing sports, too.否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_II.一般过去时：1.过去存在的某种状态（be was / were） 1. I was at home yesterday.否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_2. It was rainy last Sunday.否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_ 3.There were some books in the office two days ago.否定句 _ 特殊疑问句：_2.表示过去某个特定的时间里发生过的动作。（v+ed）。 常和表示过去的时间连用: yesterday, last week /month, ten days ago, long before (很久以前)，in 1987, just now 等。1 Tony went shopping with his mother yesterday.否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_2. They played football with friends last Saturday.否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_3. We joined the chess club last term.特殊疑问句：_3.表示过去经常、反复发生的动作。也会和usually, sometimes, often ,always 等词连用，但一定要有一个很具体的过去时间的提示。如：I often went to the beach last year. （否定句）_III现在进行时：表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。1. 结构be (am / is / are )+ v-ing 常和now , at the moment ,Look！Listen！或祈使句连用。2. 特殊情况：有些动词可以用现在进行时来表示将来时：come, go ,move, leave,stay, atart.如，1. A: lunch time, dear!B: Im coming.2. I am going to swim in the sea tomorrow. = I will swim in the sea tomorrow.3. He is leaving for shanghai next week. = He will leave for shanghai next week 句式练习：1. I am having dinner now.(一般疑问句)_2. Look! They are cleaning the classroom.（否定句） Look!_3. Listen! Mary is singing in the next room.（划线提问）Listen!_IV 过去进行时：表示过去某一个具体时刻或某一特定阶段正在进行的动作，常和表示过去具体的时间连用，如，at 8:00 oclock this moring, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening,at that time, then 等；也常在when ,while 等引导的时间状语从句中用。 基本结构: be (was / were ) + V ing 基本的句式结构：1. 主句（过去进行时）+ when + 从句（一般过去时） 2. 主句（一般过去时）+ while + 从句（过去进行时） 主句（过去进行时）+ while + 从句（过去进行时）He was walking down the street when the UFO landed.We cleaned the yard while the boy was mending his bike.We were cleaning the yard while he boy was mending his bike.(当。的同时)句式练习：1. I was doing my homework at eight oclock last night.否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_2. They were watching TV all day yesterday.否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_ 划线提问：_V. 一般将来时：表示将来某一时刻将要发生的动作。常和tomorrow, next week/ year , in 10 years , when you grow up , someday, before long (不久以后)，the day after tomorrow等连用。结构：1. will / shall + V原形. 2.be (am / is / are )going to +V原形. 3. There will be +.句式练习：1. It will take us one hour to walk there from our school否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_2. She will be back in two days.否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_3. I shall go there by myself tomorrow. 否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_4. They are going to fly to Beijing next week.否定句 _ 划线提问：_5. There will be a basketball match next Monday. 否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_VI. 过去将来时：从过去某个时间来看将要发生的动作，立足于过去的某一时间，从过去看将来。常在宾语从句中。常和the next day, the next year,the following day 等时间连用。 结构：1. would / should + V原形 2. was /were going to +V原形 I didnt know if he would come.= I didnt know if he was going to come. She told me that she wouldnt go with me . I shouldnt buy these things. 句式练习： I would play with him when I was a child. 否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_VII.现在完成进行时：表示从过去某一具体时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，动作还在继续进行着。该时态时是现在进行时和现在完成时的结合时态，也常和for + 一段时间 ， 或since + 一个具体时间 / 一个句子连用。结构：have / has been +V ing 1. I have been studying for three days.否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_ 划线提问：_2. He has been playing basketball since 9 oclock. 否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_ 划线提问：_ .VIII. 现在完成时：结构：have / has +过去分词。（过去分词的构成：规则和不规则变化。一个动词的过去式是规则变化的，那它的过去分词的变化就和过去式一样。）1. 表示到说话时动作已经结束，强调的是动作对现在的某种影响，常和already (用于肯定句)，just ，yet (用于否定句) 等词连用。My mother has just turned off the light.I have already read your novel .否定句: _2. 也表示从过去某一具体时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。常和表示一段时间的状语连用, 即 for + 一段时间 ， 或since + 一个具体时间 / 一个句子；He has lived here for 50 years. 否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_ 划线提问：_3. 表示从过去到现在之间曾经经历过的事情。常和ever (曾经)，never, 和before (以前)连用。I have visited your factory before.否定句 _ 一般疑问句及回答：_练习一：用动词的适当形式填空。1. Tom _ (be) born on December 18,1998.2. We _ (go) hiking with our teacher last Friday.3. Miss Dong _ (stop) a boy climbing over the window just now.4. We _(have) great fun playing in the water yesterday.5. _ they often _ (go) to work by bus?6. _ Mary _（read）a lot of books to _ (improve) her writing skills?7. _(be) you a teacher?8. I _ (be ) always late for class last term.9. _ he only _ (do) his homework at home an hour ago?10. You mustnt _（throw）anything at the animals when you are in the zoo.11. He sometimes _ (go)to school on foot.12. Can you _ (help) me _（carry）the box upstairs,please?13. He _（draw）a picture now.14. They _ (discussing) when to have another meeting.15. The reporter said that UFO _ (travel) east to west when he _ (see )it.16. Its 7:00. The wangs _ (have) dinner.17. Listen. Someone _ (sing) in the next room18. Peter _（ait） for the school bus at 6:30 yesterday.19. I _（look）for my lost dog this moment yesterday.20. The children _ (play) with their toys while I _（have）dinner.21. I _(cook) when you _（call）me at 9：00pm yesterday.22. Stop talking . The old man _（sleep）.23. Lily is _（fly）kite with her friends。24. Some studengs _(play) football whlil others _ (run) in a race.练习二：用动词的正确形式填空。1. My mother wants me _(be) a happy boy.2. Do you often help your mother _ (do) housework?3. My father _(drink) coffee twice a week.4. Please try _ (not be) late again.5. The little boy likes watching TV. So he _(watch) every day.6. I saw a wallet _(lie0 on the ground.7. You shouldnt _(drink ) so much cala. Its bad for your bone.8. Its easy _ (climb) up that mountain.9. Tom ususally _(go) shopping on weekends.10. How about _(have) a cup of tea?11. He _(visit) his cousin tomorrow.12. _ you ever _ (be) to Shanghai ?13. _(go) to Hawaii _ (sound) nice.14. I plan _(improve) my English in the seven-day holiday.15. The Smiths are thinking of _ (go) to Spain for vacation.16. Did you finish _ (read) the novel ?17. Bob usually _(take) the train to school.18. It takes me half an hour _ (ride) to school.19. How long _ it _(take) you to finish your homework every day?20. That must be a lot more fun than _ (take) a subway.21. Mary is busy . She _ (babysit) her sister now.22. They often invite me _ (have) dinner with them on Sunday.23. Both Liu Li NS Liu Yinf enjoy _ (go)to parties.练习三：句型转换1. The new car cost him eight thousand yuan. (划线提问)_ _ _ the new car cost him?2. The supermarkets service is good . (用bad 改为选择疑问句)_ the supermarkets servie _ _ _ ?3. I think Jasons Clothing Store is the best. (否定句)I_ _ Jasons Clothing Store _ the best.4. How do you like China ?(同义句)_ do you _ _ China ?5. It often rains in Beijing in summer. (用snow 改为选择疑问句)_ it often rain _ snow in Beijing in summer ?6. Id like to get letters from my friends.（同义句）Id like to _ _ my friends.7. Wang Li wants to be a nurse. (划线提问)_ _ Wang Li _ to be ?8. John is going to hold a party next Saturday. (划线提问) _ _ John _ _ hold a party?9. He has over ten pen pals around the world . (同义句)He has _ _ ten pen pals around the world .10. What do you usually do on Sundays .? (用next Sunday代替on Sundays.)What _ you _ _ _ next Sunday?11. Li Yundi was born in 1962 in Chongqing.(划线提问)_ _ _ was Li Yundi born ?12. She became a movie star when she was six years old . (同义句)She became a movie star _ _ _ of six.13. We had a good time in the zoo last week .(否定句)We _ _ a good time in the zoo last week.14. Mrs Zhang put some magazines on the table . (一般疑问句)_ Mrs Zhang _ any magazines on the table.?15. Her day off was kind of boring. (划线提问)_ _ her day off ?16. They went to the mountains last summer . (划线提问)_ _ they _ last summer ?17. She needs some help. (否定句)She _ _ _ help.18. They have been in Shanghai for 10 days.(否定句)They _ been in Shanghai for 10 days.19. We started class at 7：30 today. (划线提问)_ _ you _ class today ?20. Lily has been doing housework since an hour ago . (划线提问)_ _ _ Lily been doing housework ?作业：熟记动词在各种时态中的不同变化（1.一般现在时中的主语是第三人称单数的形式。2.现在分词。3.过去式。4.过去分词。）基础训练复习：一 写出下列各词的第三人称单数形式、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。三单形式 现在分词 过去式 过去分词become _ _ _ _blow _ _ _ _ cut _ _ _ _fall _ _ _ _ hide _ _ _ _lay _ _ _ _ rise _ _ _ _wear _ _ _ _try _ _ _ _ be _ _ _ _beat _ _ _ _copy _ _ _ _sit _ _ _ _swim _ _ _ _dry _ _ _ _sell _ _ _ _二 用适当形式填空1. Mr Hunt _ (leave) for New Yok next Monday.2. - Where is Mrs Read ?-She _ (borrow) some books in the library now.3. Our headmaster _(come) back in three days.4. - Supper is ready, Li Lei.- Yes, I _ (come).5. They will go to the zoo if it _ (not rain).6. - Dont forget to write to me . -I _ (write ) to you as soon as I arriver in Yew York.7. Tom _ (do) his homwwork, isnt he ?8. Look ! The twins _ (wear) new clothes.9. Mr Read _ (clean) the windows once a week.10. Why not _ (go) to Beijing tomorrow ?11. Mr Li _ (prefer) rice to bread. What about you ?12. He is not a good student, because he never _ (return)the books to the library.13. - Where are you doing ?- We _ (get) ready for the exam.14. They freigners _ (visit)the school , are they?15. Look ! The boy _(run) faster and faster.16. The twins usually _ (have) milk and bread for breakfast, but Jim _ (have) some porridge for it .17. They _ (not finish) their work yet .18. We _ (have) a meeting at that time.19. My mother said she _ (leave )for Shanghai in a few days.20. When I got home, my mother _ (cook) dinner. 21. - Can I borrow the book, please ?- Sorry, I _ (not finish ) reading it . I _ (give )it to you next Monday.22. The boy _ (open) his eyes for a moment, _ (look) at his mother and then _(smile)23. I _ (not know) you were in Paris.24. I _ (visit) your school before.25. They _ (know) each other since childhood.26. _ Li Ming _ (study ) English this morning?27. My uncle in London _ (send) a birthday present to me yesterday.28. When _ (be) his sister born ?29. He _ (live) in his hometown since he left here .30. He