八上5-10单元知识点.doc

Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?1. Different kinds of TV showstalk shows sitcoms news game shows talent shows sports showssoap operas Beijing Opera fashion shows(时尚节目) comedy shows cartoon 2. Different kinds of movies: action movies scary movies（恐怖片）comedy romance(爱情片) science fiction（科幻片）documentary（纪录片）3do a good job干得好（well done） 4. something enjoyable令人愉快的东西 5. a symbol of 的象征 6. in the 1930s 在二十世纪三十年代 7 a cartoon character 一个卡通人物 8. disagree/ agree with sb. （不）同意某人的观点或意见plan 5. (n)计划： make a plan to do sth.= plan to do sth. 制定计划做 make a plan for sth. 为制定计划 如: make a plan for your trip. (v) 计划;打算：plan (to do) sth 如: plan (to have) a trip (planning; planned) stand 6. 站立：stand up 代表: stand for sth. Our flag stands for our country. 容忍（否）: cant stand (doing) sth. 如: I cant stand telling lies.7. - What do you think of soap operas? - I dont mind them. 1). 认为；以为：如: What do you think of sitcoms.think of 想起；记得：如: I cant think of his name now. 考虑；关心：如: Lei Feng always thought of other people first.想一想； 想象：如: Think of the past, youll feel happier. think about: 考虑 如: He is thinking about going on vacation .think highly/lightly of sb. /sth.: 对评价甚高/ 轻视 ； 看重/看轻 如: Mr. Black thinks highly of his students.think out: 想出（= come up with= think up ） 如: think out a plan think over : 仔细考虑. 如: Let me think it over. think twice : 慎重考虑； 三思而后行 如: Youd better think twice about going there alone mind 2). (n) 头脑；想法；心思 如: Out of sight, out of mind 眼不见，心不烦 (v)注意；留心： 如: Mind your head! 当心别碰头！Mind your own business! 别管闲事 介意；反对（否，疑问，条状）如: Would you mind opening the window? keep. in mind： 记住.。 make up ones mind to do sth. 下定决心做. change ones mind：改变想法 be of /in two minds：犹豫不决 out of ones mind： 失去理智 to my mind：依我看 Would /Do you mind (doing) sth.? 你介意。吗？never mind： 没关系（回答道歉: sorry）； 别担心（用于安慰对方: I broke the cup.）8. I hope to find out whats going on around the world. hope (n)希望：如: He never gave up his hope. 1. (v)希望： hope to do sth. ; hope +that从句.I hope so. 我希望如此。 I hope not. 我不希望如此。wish 2 但愿（虚拟）： wish +that从句. 如: I wish that I were a bird. 希望： wish（sb.） to do sth. 如: Do you really wish me to go? 祝愿：wish +sb.+ adj./n. 如: wish you success; wish you a happy New Year. find 找到；发现 如: I found a wallet lying on the ground. 我发现一只钱包掉在地上 3. 认为；发觉 如: I found it necessary to take exercise. find out ：查明；弄清楚 如: Youd better find out who broke the window. look for ：寻找 如: They looked for it everywhere, but they didnt find it. 9We had a discussion about TV shows. 我们讨论了电视节目。 discussion(n); discuss(v)have a discussion about sth. = discuss (about) sth. 讨论 with sb. = discuss with sb. 与 讨论 10. I like to follow the story and see what happens next. 我喜欢跟着故事的发展看看接下来发生什么。11You can expect to learn a lot/ much from sitcoms. 你能期望从情景喜剧中学到很多。expect 1). 期望；盼望：expect sth/that+从句: I expect the result.expect (sb. )to do sth. I expect (you) to win the game. 预料；认为：I expect that he will come soon. I expect so: 我认为如此 I expect not.= I dont expect so. 我不认为如此 2). learn from ：从中学到 ; learn from ：向学习12. famous be famous for.: 因（技能；特色）出名 Edison was famous for his inventions有名的；著名的 be famous as.: 因（身份；产地）出名 He is famous as a magacian.14. 出来；花开；发芽 ： Its wonderful to watch the stars come out at night. come out (书刊、产品等）上市；发行：His new record（唱片）came out last week. (秘密；真相）传出；大白： The truth will come out sooner or later.15. He become very rich and successful. 1). rich: 有钱的；丰富的 He is rich in experience. 他经验丰富 2). success (n):成功- succeed(v)取得成功-successful(adj)/ successfully(adv) 成功的16. One of the main reasons is that Mickey was like a common man, but he always tried to face any danger. 主要原因之一是米老鼠就像一个普通人，他总是尽力面对任何危险。 4) danger(n)- dangerous(adj)危险的；in danger 处于危险中； out of danger 摆脱危险17. luck（n）(adj) lucky/unlucky 幸运的/不幸的 good luck 祝你好运（事前） 运气 (adv) luckily/unluckily 幸运地 /不幸地 bad luck 真倒霉 （事后）18. 失去；丢失 such as losing his girlfriend lose /lost 迷失(方向、路) lose the way 输掉(（比赛） lose the game ; lose to sb : 输给某人 19. ready be ready to do sth. 准备/乐于做. ; be ready for sth. 为.做准备 愿意的；准备好的 get ready to do sth./ for sth. (为)准备（做.） 20. She dresses up like a boy and takes her fathers place to fight in the army.(n) 女裙；礼服 她女扮男装，替父从军dress 1) (vi) 穿衣 : She dresses casually. 她穿着随意。 (vt) 给.穿衣: The little girl can dress herself. dress up: 化妆;打扮 dress up as sb.化妆成某人 be /get dressed (in.)穿.衣 2) take ones place = take the place of sb. : 代替；替换 take place : 发生(happen) Unit 6 Im going to study computer science1. Different kinds of professions(职业)computer programmmer cook docter nurse engineer teacher violinist driver soldier pianist (basketball) player scientist actor/actress waiter farmer writer reporter pilot musician magician policeman/policewoman worker postman firefighter babysitter artist conductor shopkeeper salesman clerk lawyer judge model poet guide bookseller sailor manager director photographor painter dancer singer secretary 2. 询问职业：What do you do? What are you? Whats your job?3. grow up成长；长大 4. a race car driver 一个赛车手 5. the coming year 来年6. get a lot of exercise 多锻炼 7. write down 写下；记下 8. physical health 身体健康9. study medicine at a university 在大学学医 10. take medicine. 吃药11. New Years resolutions 新年的决心 12. eat healthier food 吃更健康的食物13. give the meaning of resolution 解释决心的含义 14. make the soccer team 组建足球队 15. a cooking school 一所厨师学校 16. another foreign language 另一门外语 17. at the beginning of 在开始时 18. at the end of 在结束时/的终点19. What do you want to be when you grow up? grow (vi) 生长；发育 Vegetables here grow well. He grows taller. 逐渐变得；渐渐 He grew old. He grew to like his job. (vt) 种植 People grow rice in South China. 留长；蓄长(头发、胡须等 Ive dicided to grow my hair. grow up 长大；成长 grow into. 长成 He has grown into a young man20. Im going to keep on writing stories 我将继续写故事。 保持（状态）： 如： keep healthy. Keep the door open keep 记（日记、账簿） 如： keep a diary 抚养（人）；饲养（动） 如： keep his family; keep a pet. 保留；留下 如： You can keep the book for two days. 持续 keep (sb.)doing sth. (不停)做 如：They kept me talking. keep on doing sth. (间歇后)做 如：keep on trying keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做 keep up with 跟上；赶上21. Just make sure you try your best. 主+be sure to do sth. 一定会. 如：She is sure to pass the text. sure of /about sth. 对.有把握 如：Im sure of the result. that 从句 确信. 如：Im sure that he will succeed. 确信的 Be sure to do sth. 一定要/务必 如：Be sure to come tomorrow. 有把握的 make sure of sth. 如：You should make sure of the time. 务必 确保；核实 that 从句 如：Make sure (that) anyone else knows the secrets 当然 for sure 确切地；肯定地 No one knows for sure what happens. be sure of oneself 有自信 sure = certainly = of course 当然（回答请求）22. Im going to write articles and send them to magazines and newspapers. 邮寄；发送 如：send a letter/ messagesend 打发；派遣（人） 如：send sb. to sp. ; send sb to do sth. 派（车等） 如: Will you send a car for him? send up 发射；使上升 send away 开除；赶走； send for 派（人）去请 23. Sounds like a good plan. (=That sounds like a good plan.) 听起来像一个好计划。sound (n)声音 voice： 嗓音；说话声 noise：噪音 (v)听起来 sound+adj That sounds wonderful.(feel/smell/taste/look ) 听起来像sound like sth. It sounds like a good idea. 24. Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos. 有些人也许会说他们将会开始一项业余爱好，比如绘画或摄影take up 拿起 please take up your book and read. 开始做（兴趣） He took up (playing) golf when he was a child. 占用（时、空） The desk takes up too much room. Im sorry to take up your time.25. The start of the year is often a time for making resolutions. 新的一年的开始常常是下决心的时候。26. For this reason, some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions. 因为这个原因 朝/向；(电话礼物）给 如：Im leaving for London soon. Here are some flowers for you 为了. 如： For further information, please call me. 在.期间(时) 如： Im going to stay there for three day.for 适于. 如： Scary movies are not for children. 对.来说 如： Its necessary for him to be more creative. 以为交换/代价 如： You can buy the shoes for 20 yuan. 因为 如：Thank you for helping me. I had to stop, for I was feeling quite hungry. 支持 如：Are you for or against （反对） the plan? 27. Some resolutions have to do with better planning, like making a weekly plan for schoolwork. 有些决心是与更好地计划有关，比如为学习做周计划。week/weekly have to do with. 与.有关 (adj)每周（一次）的 a weekly newspaper have nothing to do with.与.无关 (adv) 每周（一次）= every week day-daily每周（的）; month-monthly每月（的） ; year-yearly 每年（的）28Most of the time, we make promises to other people. 大部分时候，我们向别人做出承诺。promise (n)承诺；诺言 make promises （to sb.）to do sth. 许下承诺. promise (sb.) to do sth. I promise (you) not to tell anyone. (v)承诺 promise that从句 He promised (that) he would help me. 保证 promise sb.sth.=promise sth. to sb. I cant promise you anything. I promise myself to travel around the world one day. keep a promise :遵守承诺 break a promise 违背承诺29. The first resolution is about my own personal improvement. 第一个决心与自我提高有关。own 1) (v) 拥有 ： He owned his own study. 他拥有自己的书房。 (adj)自己的 ： I saw the accident with my own eyes. 我亲眼看到的这起事故。 owner: 所有者；拥有者 the owner of the house on ones own: 单独；独自 (=alone) 2). improve(v):(使）好转；改善 I expect to improve my English. improvement (n) 改进；改善 improve on sth. 对做出改进： He improved on his plan.30. To question the idea of making resolutions. 对下决心这种想法提出质疑question (n)问题；疑问 the answer to the question in question 在讨论中 out of question 毫无疑问 (v) 提问；盘问；询问 She was questioned about the fire. 她被询问有关火灾的事情。怀疑;对.表示疑问: No one has ever questioned his honesty. 没有人怀疑他的忠诚。 一般将来时 1. 含义：一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常与tomorrow, nextmonth, thedayaftertomorrow, at once, in the future, soon, 等表示将来的时间状语连用. 2. 结构: 助动词 + 动词原形: 1) will +动词原形 （第一人称用shall） 2) be going to +动词原形 1). 否定： 一加二改 ： 一加（助动词 + not ）; 二改 （some 改为 any ）1). He will visit you tomorrow. - He wont visit you tomorrow. (wont = will not) 2). Theyre going to buy some food. - They arent going to buy any food. 2). 一般疑问：一提二改三升调：把（will / be）提 到句首；把some改为any、句号改为问好；读声调 1). Will he visit you tomorrow? - Yes, he will. / No, he wont. 2). Are they going to buy any food? - Yes , they are. / No, they arent. 3. 辨析：从不严格的语法角度而言 ，be going to与 will二者可以互换， 但： 1）be going to 表示根据主观判断及将要发生的事情，或含有“计划，准备”的意思。 2）will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。 He will be twenty years old next month. 4注意： 1). There be 句型的一般将来时结构为：There is going to / will be + n.: 将会有. 2). come, go, leave, arrive等表示位置移动的动词常用现在进行时表示将来：He is leaving. 3). 在条件、时间状语从句中，一般是主将从现。 If it is fine tomorrow, Im going on a trip. Unit 7 Will people have robots?1. live to be 200 years old 活动200岁 2. in the future 在未来3. world peace 世界和平 4. live in an apartment 住在公寓里 5. look for 寻找 5. on a space station 在太空站 6. in space 在太空 7. seem impossible 似乎不可能8. human servants 人类的仆人 9. think like a human/humans 像人类一样思考10. over and over again 反复地 11.pollute the environment 污染环境 12. on the earth在地球上 13. the meaning(s) of words 单词的意思 14. in the sea. 在海洋 15. another foreign language 另一门外语 16. move to other planets. 搬到其他的星球去17. in the sky. 在空中 18. in danger处于危险之中 18. during the week 在这周之内 19. out of danger 脱离危险 20. at some point 在某一点上；在某种程度上；在某个时候 21. Books will only be on computers, not on paper. 书将只在电脑里， 而不是在纸上。paper (u.n)纸： a piece of paper 一张纸 The paper is too small. Could you give me a big piece ？ (c.n)试卷；论文；报纸： The students are busy doing their papers. 22. There will be more pollution. 将会有更多的污染。 1). There will be + n = There is/are going to be + n 将会有 (不能have与连用) There is going to be a football match this Friday. 2). pollution(u.n): 污染；公害 pollute(v)：污染；弄脏 polluted(adj)：受污染的23. Everyone should play a part in saving the earth. 每个人应该参与挽救地球。part 部分；参加；零件；器官 some parts of the machine；every part of the body. 参加；参与 = take part in play a part in (doing) sth. 在起作用/有影响 = play a role in 24. Ill fly rockets to the moon.= Ill go to the moon by rocket. 我将乘火箭去月球。 (n)苍蝇 fly (鸟、飞机等)飞 I want to fly up into the sky. (v) 使(飞机等)飞行；驾驶 Ill fly (the spaceship) to other planets. (旗帜、头发等)飘扬 The flag is flying in the wind. (时间)飞逝 Time flies when Im reading a book. 25. Today there are already robots working in factories. 现在已经有机器人在工厂里工作了。 There be sb. doing sth. 有某人正在做 There is a bird singing in the tree. 25. They agree it may take hundreds of years. 他们同意这可能花费几百年的时间。1） It takes + 时间 + (for sb.) to do sth. 某人花费时间区做某事。 It took me half an hour to finish my homework. agree to do sth. We agree to meet up later and talk things over(认真商量)agree 2. agree to sth (suggestion/advice/plan/idea). Do you agree to our idea?agree with sb./opinion（观点）/what he said. 同意；应允 sb. agree on sth. 某人（达成协议的双方）就达成协议. Do you agree with me about/on the plan? 3. hundreds/thousands/millions of sth.; two hundred/ thousand/million sth. 26. Some scientists believe that there will be more robots in the future.believe 1). (n) belief 信念；信仰 Everyone has his own belif. I cant believe my eyes/ears. I dont believe (that) shell come. 认为；相信 believe sb. 相信某人的话。 I believe my friend Tom. 2). believe in sth. 信仰；信赖；相信(的存在) Do you believe in God? 3). believe it or not. 信不信由你；I believe so. 我这样认为；I believe not. 我不这样认为 27. Which side do you agree with? 你同意哪一方的观点？ side: 一方； 一边； 一面；一侧等 change sides 改变立场、观点； side by side 肩并肩 from side to side 左右地； put sth to one side 把 搁在一边 28. These new robots will have many different shapes. 这些新的机器人将会有许多不同的形状。 形状；外形 the shape of the leafin shape shape 在形状上： The buildings are similar in shape. 健康的：He exercises every day to keep in shape. out of shape 不成形的：His old coat is out of shape. 身体状况不佳的：He is out of shape these days. 29. If buildings fall down with people inside, these snake robots can help look for people under the building. 如果楼房倒塌而里面还有人，蛇形机器人就能帮助寻找人。 fall (n)秋天（美）= autumn Leaves turn red in the fall. （物）落下；掉落 The rain began to fall again. (v) （价格、温度、声音等）下降 The temperature fell to below 00C. 变为（状态） fall asleep ; fall ill词组：fall down: 跌倒; (物) 倒塌 fall off ：从.上落下；（物）脱落fall into： 掉入；落入 fall over：被.绊倒 He fell over a stone.fall behind: 落后 fall in love with.: 爱上.30. I think Ill take a holiday in Hong Kong when possible.我想如果可能的话，我会去香港度假。 take a holiday: 去度假 ; when possible = if possible: 如果可能的话 一般将来时 1. 含义：一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作.1). In the future, there will be less fresh water. 2). Theyre going to buy some food right away. 2. 常与一般将来时连用的时间状语有: in the future, tomorrow,the day after tomorrow, next(month), at once(立刻;马上), soon, right away(立刻;马上), right now(现在;马上), sooner or later(迟早), later，in + 一段时间等 3. 结构: 1) will +动词原形 （第一人称用shall） 2) be going to +动词原形 1). 否定： 一加二改 ： 一加（助动词 + not ）; 二改 （some 改为 any ） 1). He will visit you tomorrow. - He wont visit you tomorrow. 2). - They arent goi