unit3saved by his mistakes.doc

Unit 3 Saved by His MistakesPart I Listening & Speaking Activities Part II Reading Comprehension & Language Activities Part III Extended Activities Part 1 Communicative Activities BrainstormingWork with your group to think of at least five words/phrases/expressions regarding the following topics. Write them down in the blanks below.(1)Expressions for describing difficult or problematic situations： accident incident （事件（Incident）是指一次严重错误，每出现一次严重错误，就会产生一次事件）。 affair .（ 事情；事务；私事；（尤指关系不长久的）风流韵事 ） emergency(这墨为了叙述方便和统一趋见，一词总括突发事件、紧急事件、公共危机等语词指向的事由和其导致的危急局势) event (n. 事件，大事；项目；结果) catastrophektstrfk adj. 灾难的；惨重的 shipwreckprek n. 灭亡，毁灭 a boat/car collision klin n. 碰撞；冲突 a car/plane crash n. 碰撞；冲突 mishapsmshps n. 轻微的事故，小的意外 calamity klmiti n. 灾祸，灾难dilemma dilem a situation witch makes a problems, often one in which you have to make a different chioce between things equal importance.predicament prdkmnt a difficult or unpleasant situation,especially one where it is difficult to know what to do. phrases:sink into be trapped into get in troublebe cought into be caged have in trouble/danger/difficultbe in difficulty/trouble/danger have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. have a hard time doing sth. be left stranded on/in/at be landed with (unpleasant tasks, people) be caught/stuck/jammed in (a traffic jam)get stuck (2)Expressions of fear:afraid alarmed frightened fearedterrified horror-stricken horrified panic-stricken strcken panicky awful :ful very shocing. creepykri:pi causing an unpleasant feeling of fear or slight horror.scared appalled p:ld adj. 惊骇的；丧胆的 shaken startledst:tld adj. 受惊吓的 astounded standd v.惊讶 dismayed dsmed adj. 惊愕的；惊慌的 devastated devstetid adj. 毁坏的become hysterical histerikl 情绪异常激动的act frantically/furiously/desperately 3)Expressions for solving problems:take action fight against deal with cope withtake messures fight for putright sort things outclear things up figure out what to do /how to do itstraighten things out get to the bottom of things(4)Expressions for rescue work:save help aid rescue come to ones rescue the first aidgive sb. a hand deliverdiliv to rescue sb. from sth. badsalvationslvein a way of protecting sb. from danger,disaster,loss.succoursk help that you give sb. who is suffering or having problems.Group Oral TasksTask 1: A Conversation (p.28)Work with your partner to find out what difficult/unpleasant or even dangerous situations they have ever been in. You may ask him/her the following questions: (1) Have you ever been in a difficult or risky situation?(2) How did you feel when happened?(3) How did you cope with the situation?You could talk about the topics on p. 28Task 2: Make up a story about the picture (p29)(1) Who is the man in bed and what is his job?(2) Why is he in the ambulance? (3) What has happened to him? (4) How did the accident happen? Task 3: A Story Have you ever experienced any risky adventures in your life?Task 4: A StorySome animals, especially pets, as many people believe, could save their masters from danger. Have you read any such stories? Part II Reading Comprehension & Language ActivitiesPre-reading TasksRead the TextPost-reading TasksText: Saved by His MistakesQuestions for skimming: 1. What can you learn from the title? 2. Whats the story about? -A mans adventurous hunting trip: his accidentally falling into the deep hollow of a huge tree and his rescue with the help of his dogs. 3. What do “his mistakes” refer to? -These are his two pups, Mistake No.1 and Mistake No.2, which he had bought them for 5 dollars and were mocked at by his elder brother. Questions for close comprehension: 1. What did Jerry Cram set out to do? - He was hunting for a racoon. 2. How did Bob respond when told that the two beagle hound pups cost Jerry five dollars? - He roared with laughter. 3. What did Jerry think about the pups when he hunted for several hours without any luck? -He also had to admit that they were not much help. 4. What did he spot toward evening? - A racoon high in a beech tree. 5. How was the tree described? - forty-foot tall, dead, its top carried away in some storm, the trunk gutted by rot and insects. 6. What did Jerry intend to do? - capture him by hand.7. What happened when he got level with the top of the trunk? -The limb on which he was standing cracked ominously under his feet. He jumped to the rim of the tree trunk and the edge crumbled. He plunged down, too suddenly to make a sound, into the deep hollow of the dead tree. 8. What happened as he fell? - His fall was broken for a moment by a jutting piece of wood that caught his 9. Was he hurt when his fall was done?- No, he picked himself up miraculously unhurt; shaken, dazed. 10. What did Jerry hear then? - the pups sniffing and yelping to him; the shepherd barking in alarm. 11. What was the situation like? Could he find a way out? - desperate: no handholds inside, the snag out of reach; not able to enlarge the hole by kicking; nobody would hear him since he was too far away from home. 12. What idea at last came to him? - sending the dogs for help13. What did the Shep do? How about the two pups? - He streaked across the field to Bobs home. The pups remained, yelping encouragement to their master. 14. What happened later? - A storm broke and the rain poured into the hollow trunk. Jerry was drenched by the rain. How did the pups help him at that moment? - They were frightened but still remained, moved closer to comfort the master and stuck their muzzles to lick his feet. 15. Who guided Bob to the right tree? - It was the barking of the sad-eyed pubs that guided him to the right tree. 16. What efforts were made to rescue Jerry? - It took a rescue party, ropes and fifteen hours to get him out of his sodden prison. 17. Why did he say that Mistake No.1 and Mistake No.2 saved him? -The two pups stayed with him during the mishap, giving him hope and comfort. What is more, it was the barking of the two pups that guided Bob to the right tree to rescue Jerry.Post-reading TasksSummarySummarize the paragraphs:The third & fourth paragraphs:-Jerry fell from a broken limb of a dead beech tree when he tried to capture a racoon and plunged down into the deep hollow of a huge tree but was miraculously unhurt.The fifth & sixth paragraphs: -Jerry examined his situation inside the tree, and having found no way out, he then sent his dog Shepherd to get help from home.The eighth & ninth paragraphs-Bob came to his rescue with Shepherd but it was the pups barking that guided him to the right tree and Jerry was at last saved by a rescue party.Summarize the story - The story is about a boys adventurous hunting trip in which he was trapped in the deep hollow of a huge tree and was eventually saved with the help of his three dogs. Words & ExpressionsPara 1 set out to do sth.: to begin a job, task, etc with a particular aim or goal (带着某目的)开始做某事 eg They succeeded in what they set out to do. gloomy(1) (of weather) dark and cloudy e.g. What a gloomy day were having!(2) (of a person) depressed and unhappy e.g. The vet is rather gloomy about my cats chances of recovery.(3) (of a situation) having little hope e.g. a gloomy economic forecastgrammatical point With him. is an inverted sentence.beagle hound pups: a baby hunting dog (猎野兔等小动物的)猎犬幼仔Names of young animals:dog-puppy / pup cat-kittenhorse-foal cow-calfpig-piglet sheep-lambbear-cubroar with laughter laugh loudly and nosilye.g. Those naughty boys roared with laughter when Tom made a silly mistake in class. Para2idiom admit to sth/doing sth 承认，供认，坦白某事物George would never admit to being wrong.The young man admitted to his part in the crime. Admit (vt)allow sb to become a member of a club, school, or organization 准许加入；接收（入学）admit sb into/to sth Vi admit to 门开向；通往/ admit of容许The gate admits to the yard.The regulations admit of no exception. admit acknowledge concede confess admit:to acknowledge sth as true, often reluctantly (强调因外力或良心驱使或经判断而明确承认，多含不情愿或被迫意味 )acknowledge: v. to accept the truth of (sth.) (公开承认某事的真实情况或自己的过错 )concede: v. to admit that sth. is true, valid, proper承认（某事）属实，有效，合乎逻辑confess: v. to say or admit, often formally, (that one has done wrong, committed a crime, etc) 承认（罪行，错误）；招供；坦白（语气较强） ；confess to sth/ doing sthparaphrase till at last he used up all his shells.to run out of sth.: to have no more of sth. left 用尽；to flow out from some place从某处流出eg The hospital has run out of medical supplies.Eg The water ran out of the hole at the bottom. ( It means the water flowed out from the hole.)Then, toward evening, he spotted a racoon high in a beech tree. spot: v. to find, discovereg She spotted her friend in the crowd.He was spotted by police boarding a plane for Paris. and the trunk itself had been gutted by rot and insects. gut: v. to destroy the inside or contents ofeg That warehouse was gutted by the fire. Para3 Just as he got level with the top of the broken trunk, the limb on which he was standing cracked ominously under his feet. paraphrase Just as he reached the same height as the top of the broken trunk, unluckily, the twig on which he was standing was broken, which foresees that something bad might happen later. to be / get level with sth.: to be at the same height, amount or degree as eg Food production in this nation keeps level with the population growth.idioms on a level with sb. /sth.: at the same level eg Technically, both players are on a level, i.e. of the same standard. on the level: (informal) honest(ly) eg Are you sure this deal is on the level?crack: v. become fractured eg You can crack this tough glass, but you cant break it.The ice cracked as I stepped on it.ominoussuggesting that something unpleasant is likely to happen e.g. There was an ominous silence when I asked whether my contract was going to be renewed. The heavy clouds were ominous of a fierce storm.Crumble break into piecesDown he plunged Down he fell suddenly e.g. The man never caught the handle. Down he tumbled to the stair landing.Para4 a jutting piece of wood a piece of wood which stuck outtumble fall quickly and without control e.g. I lost my footing and tumbled down the stairs. Para 5 And Shep backed off and barked in alarm. paraphrase Shep (the shepherd dog) moved backwards and barked with fear and excitement. idioms back away (from sb. /sth. ): to move backwards in fear or dislike Eg The child backed away from the big dog.back out (of sth): to withdraw from (an agreement, a promise, etc)Its too late to back out (of the deal) now.back sb. / sth. up: to give support or encouragement to sb. / sth.Eg If I tell the police I was with you that day, will you back me up? Para 6.the snag that had slowed him up on his way down was out of reach. paraphrase The snag that had reduced the speed of his fall can not be caught by hand. slow up /down: to make .happen or move slowlyeg Experts say the devaluation of the Japanese currency may slow down the recovery of the Asian economy.beyond / out of / within (ones) reach: outside or inside the distance that a hand, etc can be stretched out; beyond or within sb.s / sth.s capability, authority, effectiveness, etc. Eg The shelf is so high that it is well out of my reach.I cant satisfy your requirement. Thats out of my reach.It would do no good to call, either; paraphrase Also, it would be useless to call out for help (since he was stuck inside the tree trunk in the first place and was much too far from home to cry for help). structure It will do good / harm to do sth.: It will be beneficial / harmful to do sth.Eg It does much harm to smoke.It does much good to form a good habit.At last the idea came to him of sending the dogs for help. grammatical point Syntactically, the normal order should be the idea of sending the dogs for help came to him.With the of phrase postponed after the verb, the sentence sounds more balanced. Of phrase functions as subject complement.,Eg: Our hope was broken of being given one hundred dollars as a e to (sb.):to become realized by; to become recalled to the memory of eg In a flash, the truth came to her.He was already on his way when it suddenly come to him that he hadnt hung out his washing.and streaked across the field, but the two pups remained, yelping encouragement to their master. paraphrase and the Shep ran quickly in a straight line across the field, but the two young dogs stayed there, crying. It seemed that the cries encouraged their master to be brave. streak: v.(informal) to move very fast (in the specified direction)The children streaked off (down the street) as fast as they could.yelp: v. to utter a short sharp cry (of pain, anger, excitement, etc)eg The dog yelped when I trod on its paw.Para 7 Lightning writhed above his head. writhe: v. to describe a person who twists his body about because of acute pain or discomfort eg When the dentist was pulling out his rotten tooth, he writhed in agony.Ps: In the text the word is used figuratively to present a vivid picture of flashes of lightning dancing about in the sky. There was just room for Jerry to stand, and he was drenched by the rain. drench: v. (esp. passive) to make sb. or sth. completely weteg We were caught in the storm and got drenched. Outside, Jerry could hear the pups whimpering. whimper: v. ( of dog, person) to cry softly, esp. with fear or paineg Please dont leave me alone, he whimpered. Para 8Barking furiously, he got Bob to follow.leaped over them frantically. Furiously, the workers struggled for better working condition and more money.frantically: ad. describing a wild and desperate action taken under extreme pressure, usually because sb. is frightened or worried eg The parents were frantically searching for their missing child in the woods.Para9a rescue party: a group of people organized to save people or property in a disaster sodden: a. wet througheg My shoes are sodden from walking in the rain. Para10 Oh, gosh, he said over and over after they had finally pulled him up, over and over: many timeseg Ive wanted you over and over (again) not to do that.Say the words over and over to yourself. (an idea or a thought) come to sb. sb. remember or start to think about an idea/thought e.g. I cant remember his name - itll come to me in a minute.Grammar Highlight- 名词性从句主句 (independent or main clause) vs. 从句 (dependent or subordinate clause) e.g. If one works hard, he may succeed. 从句分类(1) 关系从句 e.g. The man who is talking to Jason is Anns elder brother. (2) 状语从句 e.g. However hard I try, I cant remember peoples names. (3) 名词从句名词从句 定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。主语从句 (Subject Clause) e.g. (a-1) Money doesnt grow on trees. This should be obvious. (a-2)That money doesnt grow on trees should be obvious. (a-3) It is obvious (that) money doesnt grow on trees. (b-1) He stole a bike. It was true. (b-2) That he stole a bike was true. 宾语从句(Object Clause)e.g. Everybody knows (that) money doesnt grow on trees. Note: that 不能省略 e.g. The dealer told me how much he was prepared to pay for my car and that I could have the money without delay.同位语从句(Appositive Clause) 常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, order等名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系。 e.g. The fact that his proposal makes sense should be recognized. Owing to the fact that the criminal rate has risen drastically, less tourists visit the Philippines this year.表语从句(Predicative Clause)e.g. Our belief is that things will improve. The question is whether we can rely on him. Thats why I was late. Whether/ if 从句作为名词从句e.g. Whether he has signed the contract (or not) doesnt matter. Whether (or not) he has signed the contract doesnt matter. (If is not possible) The question is whether he has signed the contract. (if is not possible) I want to know whether/ if he has signed the contract (or not). Im concerned about whether he has signed the contract (or not). (if is not possible)What/When/Where/How/ Which 疑问词引导的从句作为名词从句e.g. When he did it is a mystery. I wonder when he did it. The question is when he did it. It depended on when he did it. Im interested in when he did it. Vocabulary Work (30) miraculously franticall writhe fragile excavate archeologist culprit squabble ponderously appalled救援队伍: rescue party哄堂大笑: roar with laughter 阿富汗: Afghanistan 暴露自己、冒风险: stick ones neck/chin out虎口拔牙、太岁头上动土: beard the lion in its den灾难、大祸、不幸: calamity; catastrophe; mishaps 困在（荒岛上等）: be (left) stranded 中等大小的: medium-sized 歇斯底里的: become hysterical （跌倒之后）缓缓站起来: pic