英语人教版八年级下册unit9 sectionA Grammar focus.doc

（一）地位与作用现在完成时是中学英语语法的重要内容，学好它，是中考取的好成绩的一块奠基石，同时也为进入高级中学学习英语铺平了道路，近几年来的中考分析来看，5-6%的分数值仍然是建立在这条语法项目上。然而对于九年级的学生来说，这个时态，确实有如崎岖陡峭或坎坷小径，有相当一部分学生在此掉队，在做题中出现种种错误，表现在助动词运用、过去分词、句型转换时态混淆等方面，因此，学生学好现在完成时不是件容易的事，语法教学在英语教学中占有基础地位，而现在完成时态在语法教学中占有极其重要的地位。 (二)教学内容现在完成时是八年级第二学期出现的语法项目，本节课是在复习已学知识的基础上，进一步夯实基础，拓展延伸，对现在完成时的定义、基本结构。for 与since 的用法区别、havehas been to 与havehas gone to的用法区别，延续性动词与非延续性动词的应用进行详细剖析。（三）教学目标1. 知识目标：学生能够正确掌握现在完成时的定义、正确掌握基本结构，易混词语的用法。 2.能力目标：（1）学生能利用现在完成时自由谈论自己和他人已做或未做的事。3.情感目标：（1）通过合作交流，培养将所学知识应用到实际生活中的意识。（2）通过小组协作，培养学生合作意识，帮助他人的优良品质。（四）教学重点和难点教学重点：学生能够正确理解现在完成时定义和掌握基本结构，易混词语的用法辨析等。 教学难点： 学生能准确运用延续性动词和非延续性动词。教学难点： 学生能准确运用延续性动词和非延续性动词。I 课前预习案（5分钟） 学生预习现在完成时材料完成下列各题：现在完成时表示动作发生在过去， 强调该动作对现在产生的影响或结果。常与时间状语 _，_,_ 和recently等连用，already 常用于_的句中或句末，yet 常用于_或_的句末。II 课堂教学过程。 自主学习（独学、对学、群学） （25分钟）1. 学生自主学习现在完成时基本结构，用红笔勾出将重点知识和不懂的知识点。以便稍后和本组其他成员讨论。并完成下题： 1）He has been to the Great Wall only once（变为否定句）He _ _ _ to the Great Wall.（变为一般疑问句并回答）_ he _ to the Great Wall?Yes, he _. 或 No, he _.2). Jim _ the work yet.A finished B didnt finish C has finished D hasnt finished3). _ you brother_ the cat yet?A Did, feed B Do, feed C Has, fed D have, fed2. 学生初学现在完成时用法之for 与since的用法区别，对子之间互相帮助，完成下列各题：(1-3题用for 和since填空，4 题选择)1). I have learnt English _ 8 years.2) The shop has been open _ 8:30 3）he has read English _ an hour ago.4) Mrs. Smith has taught physics _ he _ to theSchool.A for, came B since, has come C since, came D for, has come 学生大声朗读这些句子，争取最快的时间内背诵，对子之间互相检查知识点掌握情况，共同讨论难点。3.知识点探究：【探究点1】现在完成时的基本结构观察句子，总结完成表格I have already seen the film. I think its wonderful.He hasnt finished his homework yet.Have you decided where to go on vacation?Has Mr. Green gone to the office?现在完成时基本结构表：肯定句否定句一般疑问句_+_+_+_将_提前，放于句首趁热打铁：1)I havent _ (喂) the dog yet2)Have you _ (清除) the refrigerator yet?3)_ you ever _ to the Great Wall? A. Have, gone B. Have, been C. Do, go D.Were, going 4)havent, yet, I, out, cleaned, classroom, the .（连词成句）_5).My father has lived here for nearly 10 years._(变为否定句)_(变为一般疑问句)【探究2】for与since的区别观察下列句子，注意黑体字，并总结归纳：I have learnt English for 8 years. The shop has been open since 8:30He has read English since an hour ago. Mrs. Smith has taught physics since he came to the school.归纳:表示“过去的动作”一直延续至今并有可能继续下去，常用for与since 连用，for +_;since +_或+_或+从句（谓语动词用_时态）。趁热打铁：1)Jill has been in Ireland _ three days.2) Mary is in her office, she has been there _7 oclock.3)The bus is late, theyve waiting _ 20 minutes.4) Mike has lived here since he _ (be) born.【探究3】havehas been to 与have has gone to的区别观察下面的句子归纳总结 I have been to the Great Wall many times.(不在长城，已回来)He has been to Shanghai twice. （不在上海，已回来） -Have you ever been to the Summer Palace?-Yes, I have.（不在颐和园，已回来）-Wheres Mr Green? - He has gone to America, he wont be back until next week.（已去美国，未回）My parents have gone to Beijing. I have to stay at home alone. （已去北京，未回）总结：Have has been to 去过某地，说话时_（已回未回）；havehas gone to 已去某地，说话时_(已回未回)趁热打铁：1). -Where is Tom? -He has _ Japan.（2分） A.been to B.gone to C. been in D. been at2).WheresLiMing?He_(go)totheteachersoffice3) Jane has _ to Beijing. She will come back tomorrow.A been B gone C went D never been4). Hello, this is Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black? - Sorry, he _ the park.A has been to B has gone to C went to D will go to【探究点4】现在完成时延续性动词的应用观察下面的句子， 注意斜体字部分，对子之间讨论I have kept (借) the book for weeks. I have to return it to the library.Joe has had (买)his new computer for only a few days.Mr Green has been away(离开) from the office since 8:00That old man has been dead(死) for over two months.My brother has been in(加入) the English club since 3 years ago.The film has been on(开始) for 1o minutes 归纳总结：用于现在完成时的动词，必须是_(延续性动词非延续性动词)， 表示从过去一直延续到现在的动作。思维拓展：在相应的空格处填上适当的动词：借买离开死加入变成开始短暂borrowlendbuyleavediejoinbecomebeginstart延续趁热打铁：1） -What a nice dress！How long _ you it?- Just two weeks.A will buy B did buy C are having D have had 2)Be quick! The match _ for 5 minutes.A begins B began C has begun D has been onIV课后训练案（10分钟）达标检测（10分钟）单选：1.It is ten years _ I last saw her.A after B since C for D that2.How long have you _ here?A come B got C arrived D been3.My grandmother _ for 5 tears. A has died B died C has been died D has been dead4.Do you know Linda very well?- Yes, she and I _ friends since we were very young.A have made B have become C have been D have turned5.2013,43. dont return the video to Peter. I it.A dont watch B wont watch C havent watched D was watching6.Look! That woman looks like Mr Brown. - It cant be her. She _ Shanghai.A have been to B has gone to C have been to D have gone to7.There _ great changes in Kunming since 2009.A have had B had C have been D has8.2016，36.Our team another point. I am sure well wi