散货船设计概要.pdf

Tripartite 2009 Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Ian Harrison Intercargo Technical Manager Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Introduction Operational and Regulatory Challenges Design Challenges Examples Cargo Residues Excessive Loading Rates IMSBC Code Design Issues for Bulk Carriers MARPOL Annex V Garbage and Cargo Residues Definitions Cargo Residue is defined as garbage in guidelines Cargo hold washing water not defined although interpreted as garbage Requirements Must be discharged when greater than 12 nm from shore Cannot be discharged in a special area Special Areas a Problem Bulk carriers generally not design to handle washing water Adequate port reception facilities for washing water Design Issues for Bulk Carriers MARPOL Annex V Garbage and Cargo Residues Recent special areas Gulfs Area became effective in August 2008 Mediterranean Area became effective May 2009 Reception Facilities in Special Areas Gulf and Med PRF must be in place before special area becomes effective MEPC 59 Intercargo and BIMCO paper Circular issued MEPC 1 Circ 675 Next steps Continuation of review of Annex V Possible IMSBC Code reference to discharge requirements Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Design Issues Handling hold washing water Can be problematic Holding tanks Pumps large particles Cargo properties Coatings PSPC Ballast water management systems Hold cleaning systems Possible treatment systems Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Design Issues Images courtesy of EMS Ship Supply Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Design Issues Courtesy of EMS Ship Supply Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Bulk Carrier Loading Rates Terminal requirements Buoyant market queuing optimising loading Ponta da Madeira Brazil 16 000 t hr Minimum ballast 14 hr turnaround Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Intercargo Survey Key Findings 85 of masters indicated that they considered such a rate of loading to be beyond the safe operational limits of their vessel Manoeuvrability Hull structure Two thirds of respondents stated they had concerns with regard to structural stresses if loading at such a rate Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Validation of Masters Views Manoeuvrability Study BMT SeaTech Concurred with Masters opinion ABS study Confirmed many risks Submission of paper to IMO MSC 84 MSC 84 INF 8 Referred to DSC 13 Considered by Correspondence Group reviewing BLU Code Reports to DSC 14 next week Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Outcome of Correspondence Group Reports to DSC 14 DSC 14 7 Proposes an MSC Circular providing guidance Time taken for loading Arrival Condition Loading sequence During loading Consequences of failure to apply BLU Code IACS Recommendation 46 Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Design Issues De ballasting capacity Typically two 2000 2500 M3 hr pumps 4000 5000 M3 hr total Should this be increased Pump size Power requirements Piping systems water and air BWM treatment systems Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Information IACS UR S1A Sample sequences often not realistic Information provision should be reviewed Design Issues for Bulk Carriers IMSBC Code formally BC Code Revised and updated Voluntary from Jan 2009 Mandatory from Jan 2011 New Schedules DRI Sulphur formed DSC 14 next week Coal and hot areas DRI Survey and certification Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Direct Reduced Iron DRI What is it Iron Ore Pellets subjected to a reducing gas in a reactor Oxygen chemically removed Fe content increased from 65 to 85 Pellets then formed cold or hot moulded What are the dangers Process is reversible Fe re oxidises Oxidisation releases energy as heat possible thermal runaway Hydrogen also liberated Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Picture courtesy of Burgoynes Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Picture courtesy of Burgoynes Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Picture courtesy of Burgoynes Design Issues for Bulk Carriers IMSBC Code Direct Reduced Iron DRI DRI A Briquettes hot moulded Monitoring requirements DRI B Lumps pellets cold moulded briquettes Moisture 0 3 Hold must be inerted Monitoring requirements DRI C By products Moisture 0 3 Hold must be inerted Monitoring requirements Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Picture courtesy of Burgoynes Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Picture courtesy of Burgoynes Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Picture courtesy of Burgoynes Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Picture courtesy of Burgoynes Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Picture courtesy of Burgoynes Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Design Issues DRI an extreme example Are bulk carrier designed to carry DRI Do we design bulk carriers around cargoes Are we ready for a mandatory IMSBC Code Design Issues for Bulk Carriers Conclusions Operational and Regulatory Challenges Design Challenges Design and regulatory rule development