八年级英语知识总结上册.doc

八年级英语知识总结上册Unit 1 How often do you/they exercise?1.What do you usually do on weekends?你通常在周末干？I often _.(go skateboarding/go shopping/watch TV)2. What does she/he /Jack do on weekends?她他杰克在周末干？She/ He often _.(goes to the movies.)3. how often do you do sth?(watch TV; shop; surf the internet)你多久做一次.(every week/once a week/twice a week/three times a week/once a month/twice a month)how often does he do sth?(watch TV; shop; surf the internet)他多久做一次？He watches TV twice a week.(every week/once a week/twice a week/three times a week/once a month/twice a month) (频度副词：always-usually-often-sometimes-hardly ever-never)4. What is your favorite program?你最喜欢的节目是什么？its animal world.动物世界。5.all students=100% most student=51%-995 some students=1%-50% no students=0%6.want to do sth想做某事; want sb to do sth想让某人做某事e.g:I want to eat an apple. 我想吃一个苹果。 She wants me to go with her.她想让我和她一起去。7. be good for对有益Milk is good for us. 牛奶对我们有好处。 Practice is good for health.锻炼有益于健康。8. How many hours do you sleep every night?(how many +可数名词？)I sleep 9 hours every night.9.eating habits 饮食习惯junk food垃圾食品 healthy life style健康的生活方式look after a patient 照顾病人a balanced diet 平衡的饮食10help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人干某事Help me (to) lift the box.帮我抬一下盒子吗11.love to do(表示目前喜欢去做)/ love doing (表示一种爱好)I love to buy books. I love skating.12.kind of 有点 My job is kind of dangerous.我的工作有点危险。Unit 2 whats the matter?1. Whats the matter? 你怎么啦？I have a cold/stomachache/a sore back/a sore throat/toothache.我头疼、胃疼、背疼、嗓子疼、牙疼have a cold感冒 have a toothache牙疼 have a cough 咳嗽have a fever.发烧have a sore +身体部位 have a sore back 背疼 have a sore throat.嗓子疼。2. be stressed out 有压力，紧张的Im stressed out.3. see a doctor/dentist/ 看医生、牙医 lie down and rest 躺下休息 listen to music 听音乐4. Im +adjI m tired./weak/happy/sad/我很累、虚弱、开心、悲伤。5.too much “太多”既可以修饰不可数名词也可以充当代词We have had too much rain lately.最近我们这里余下的太多了。Youve given me too much.你给我的太多了。much too“太；非常”相当于副词；修饰形容词或副词He drove much too fast.他开车开得太快了。too many“太多”修饰名词复数She has too many books.她有许多书。6.advice建议；忠告；劝告；为不可数名词；不可直接加s构成复数形式。通常使用a/twopiece/pieces of (一条/ 两条)来表示单复数。a piece of advice一条建议；two pieces of advice两条建议7.be/get angry 生气/变得生气 例：The boss was/got very angry this morning because someone was late for work.老板因为有人上班迟到而生气。 be angry with sb 生某人的气例如; I was angry with myself for making such a stupid mistake. 我因烦了这么愚蠢的错误而再生自己的气。 be angry at/about sth 因某事而生气例如：I am angry at being delayed /about the delay.因被耽误而生气/因耽搁而生气。Unit 3 What are they doing for vacation?1.What are you/they doing for vacation?Im babysitting my sister. Im visiting my grandmother. Shes going camping. Theyre relaxing at home.2. When are you going? 你什么时候去？ When is he /she going? Where are they going?Im going on Monday.我将周一去。 She is going on 12th. They are going next week3. Who are you going with? 你将和谁去？I am going with my parents.我将和我的父母去。4. Where are you going? 你要去哪？I m going to the park.起哦要去公园 Where are you going for vacation?你将去哪度假/ Im going to Hawaii for vacation. 我将去夏威夷度假。5. How long are they/is he staying? 他们/ 他将待多久They are /he is staying for a week.待一个礼拜。6. Have a nice time/have a good time. 玩的开心愉快。7. What are you doing this weekend?你这个周末将干什么？ Im going shopping on Saturday.我将在周六去购物。8. be famous for +原因 Jackie Chan is famous for his action movies. 成龙以动作片出名。 be famous as +身份 Jackie Chan is famous as a movies star.成龙以作为影星而出名。9. leave+ “地点”表示“离开某地”They left London yesterday. 昨天他们离开了伦敦。 leave for + “地点”表示前往某地 They are leaving for London tomorrow.他们明天要去伦敦。Unit 4 How do you get to school?1. How do you get to school? 你怎样去上学？ I take the subway./I ride my bike./I take the bus/train./I walk.2. How long does it take? It takes 25minutes to walk and 10 minutes by bus./it takes about 40 minutes.3. How far is it from A to B?从A地道B地有多远？ Its 3miles. /About 10 kilometers.4. How long does it take？需要多长时间？It takes 10 minutes.5. How far is it? 有多远？ Its about miles.大约有 英里6. 表示交通方式的短语 take +a/the +交通工具（属于动词词短语） (1) take a bus take a train take a boat take a plane(2) by +交通工具（属于介词短语）（3）其他 on foot 步行 by air 乘飞机 by sea乘船ride a bike/bicycle.骑自行车7. hundred 数词：“一百”， hundred前有具体数字时，hundred不加s，直接用“基数词+ hundred”例如There are five hundred students in this school.这所学校理由500名学生。而固定搭配“hundreds of ”的意思是“数以百计的; 许多”There are hundreds of people dancing at the square after supper.晚饭后广场上有很多人在跳舞。7. depend on“依赖；依靠；取决于”例如：All depends on the weather.一切由天气来决定。You cant depend on your parents in your whole life.已不能一辈子依靠你父母。Youd better not depend too much on your parents, and learn to look after yourself.你最好不要过分依赖父母，要学会照顾自己。8. forget to do sth忘记要做某事（没做）He forgot to clean the classroom today.他忘记了今天要打扫教室。 forget doing sth忘记做了某事（做了）He forgot meeting her before.他忘记以前见过她了。Unit 5 Can you come to my party?1Can you come to my party on +星期（如： Monday）？你能在星期_来参加我的聚会吗？Sure，Id love to.当然，我愿意。/ Sorry, I cant. I have a piano lesson.不好意思，我不能去，我有钢琴课。/ I m sorry, too. I have to go to the doctor. 不好意思，我要去看医生。study for a test 为考试 准备 help my parents 帮助父母 visit my aunt拜访姑姑2. another 形容“再一的；又一的”Drink another glass of milk.再喝杯牛奶。代词 This hat does not fit me; please show me another.这顶帽子不适合我，请再拿一顶给我看看。3. Thanks for/Thank you for doing sth感谢. Thanks for helping me. 感谢你的帮助。4. 现在进行时 Be(am; is; are) +doing.I am watching TV. He is doing his homework. They are playing computer games.Be doing 是现在进行时的结构，但可以表示将来的动作。表示位置移动的动词come, go ,leave, arrive, fly,start,等常用现在进行时表示将来按计划，安排要发生的事情。原文话语：What are you doing for vacation?你假期打算干什么？例如;She is leaving for Beijing next week.他下周要去北京。5. come over “顺片来访”Come over any time; we re always in.请随便什么时候过来坐坐，我们总是在家的。Come from来自 come back 回来come on加油 come out（花儿）开；出来；出版 come into进来 Unit 6 Im more outgoing than my sister.1. 比较级的基本用法肯定句： 主语+比较+ than 例：Im more outgoing than my sister. 我比我姐姐更外向。Jack is thinner than his brother. 杰克比他弟弟瘦。She is more beautiful than her elder sister.他比他姐姐更漂亮.His brother is younger than I/me.他哥哥比我年轻。 肯定句; ：Aas + 形容词，副词原级+ as + B例如：She is as outgoing as her brother.她和她哥哥一样性格开放。否定句：A + not as + 形容词，副词原级+ as + B 例如;She is not as tall as her sister. 她和她妹妹不一样高。2. be good at / do well in.“在方面做得好；擅长” 例如：Jack is good at math. /Jack does well in math.杰克擅长数学。3. both代词“两者（都）”Both of us want to go. 我们两人都想去。形容词“两者的”There are many trees on both sides of the river. 河岸两边有许多树。4. laugh指出声地“笑” laugh at sb 嘲笑某人 smile 指不出声的“微笑” smile at sb对某人微笑The talk show on TV is very popular. It often makes people laugh.电视上的脱口秀很流行，它经常是人们发笑。Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake?1. turn on打开 turn off关掉turn up 开大；调高（声音）turn down 关小（声音）turn on the TV打开电视 turn off the TV关掉电视 turn in上交 turn to翻到（页） turn back 往回走turn into变成 turnover把翻转2. cut 动词“切；砍；割” He cut down a tree yesterday. 昨天他砍到了一棵树cut up 切碎 cut down砍到cut .into pieces 把某物切成碎片3. win / beat获胜；赢 win 后面常接a game a war a match a prize beat 后面常接运动员，球队或对手等。Which side won the football match? 那对赢了那场足球赛？ We beat them by score 2 to 1.我们一2比2赢了他们。4. how many +复数名词+ how much +不可数名词+ How many bananas do we need? 我们需要多少根香？How much yogurt do we need?我们需要多少酸奶？We need three bananas. 我们需要3根香蕉。 We need a cup of yogurt.我们需要一杯酸奶。How many students are there in your class?你们班上有多少名学生？20.20名学生。How much milk do you need?你要多少牛奶？one cup。一杯。Unit 8 How was your school trip?1. 一般过去式的基本用法a.带有过去的时间状语，要用过去时b.表示过去连续发生的动作是，要用过去时c.表示过去一段时间内经常反复的动作。He left just now. 他刚才离开。She walked to school. 他步行上学去了。 I was busy yesterday.我昨天很忙一般过去时的 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+He played tennis last week. 上周他打网球了。否定句：主语+did no+动词原形+He did not play tennis last week. 上周他没有打网球了。疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+.Did he play tennis last week?上周他打网球了吗？2 谈论出游和假日a.How was your day off?你的休息日过得怎么样？b.Did you have fun camping?野营玩的高兴吗？c.What did you do on your day off?休息日你干了什么？d.Were there any in the park?公园里有吗？e.How was your trip?你的旅行怎么样？表达度假时感受a. Its really interesting/bad/boring. 非常有意思/ 糟糕 /无聊 b. It was not that happy. 不是那么开心。 c. It was really terrible. 非常糟糕。 d. Just so-so. 一般般。 e. Nothing special. 没有什么特别的。f. Not very good. 不是很好。g. Wonderful! 棒极了。3. Did you buy that hat? 你买了那顶帽子吗？Yes, I did. No, I didnt.是的，我买了。不我没有买。 Did you go to the zoo? 你去动物园了吗？No, I went to the theme park.不，我去了主题公园。Unit 9 When was he born?1.When were you born?I was born in 1988.你什么时候出生的？ 我是1988年出生的。When was he/she born?He/She was born in 1988.她他什么时候出生的/她他是1988年出生的。2. When did he start doing sth? 他是什么时候干某事的？ He start doing sth in 年份。他是年干某事的3. When did he start hiccupping? . He start hiccupping in 2008。4. Who is he/she? He/She is . 她他是谁？.Who is he? He is our new teacher.他是谁？他是我们的新老师。Unit 10 I am going to be a basketball player.1. What are you going to do when you grow up? I am going to be a teacher.2. How are you going to do that? I am going to study hard every day.3. be going to+动词原形是一般将来是的结构。“打算计划做某事”否定式：be not going to do sth 疑问句是把be 动词提前，即be+主语+going to do sth.肯定句：I am going to practice basketball.我打算去练习篮球。否定句：I am not going to practice basketball.我不打算去练习篮球。一般疑问句：Are you going to practice basketball?你将要去练习篮球吗？ 肯定回答：Yes, I am.是的，我将要去。 否定回答：No, I am not.不，我不去。4. I want to be .我想成为/当.I want to be a teacher. 我想成为老师 I want to be an actor. 我想当一名演员。5. What are you going to next year?你明年打算干什么？I am going to take guitar lesson.我打算参加吉他课。Unit 11Could you please clean your room?1. Could you please do sth?请你.好吗 (do the dishes; take out the trash; fold your clothes; sweep the floor ;make your bed; clean the living room.)Could you please sweep the floor? Yes, sure.2. Could I go to the movies/watch TV/use your car? Yes, you can. No, you cant.3. I like doing sth/ 名词 ; I dont like doing sth/名词 I like eating apples/apples. I dont like eating apples/apples.4.hate + 名词动/名词/to do 憎恨，憎恶I hate some chores. 我不喜欢家务活。 I hate to do chores.我比喜欢做家务活。5. take care of .照管；照顾 Take care of your things.看好自己的东西。 take care保重Take care!保重！5. Dont forget to do sth.别忘了做某事。 Dont forget to post this letter.别忘了邮递这封信。Unit 12 What is the bes