2016年高考英语：课时28+短文改错(Word版含答案).doc

课时28 短文改错一、短文改错的特点短文改错着重考查学生的语言基本功和正确使用英语进行表达的能力，它是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和对语言的综合运用能力的测试题型。这种题型不仅要求考生牢固掌握一定的词汇和语法知识，还要求考生具有一定的阅读理解和逻辑推理能力。它是针对考生平时学习英语过程中，尤其是写作中常犯的错误而设计的，所以在考生平时写作中常出现的错误是短文改错考查的重点。1立意特点。短文改错是全面考查考生对英语基础知识的灵活运用能力的一种题型，它不仅检测考生的语法知识，也全面考查考生的写作能力。2情景特点。(1)短文改错的语言材料通常来自考生的文章或类似于考生习作的文章。所选材料篇幅较短，约110词左右，1012个句子；难度不大，基本上无生僻的词汇和语法结构。短文改错的话题较常见，通常是叙述一件事情或说明一个事物。这种试题能反映出考生准备运用语言的能力。(2)从体裁上看，历年高考试题中的短文改错以记叙文和应用文为主，兼顾说明文和议论文。3设题特点。短文改错通常从词法、句法和行文逻辑三个角度设题，要求考生识别并纠正短文中的语言知识错误，旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的能力。短文改错的错误类型有多词、缺词和错词三种，在文章的10个错误中，其比例一般为118，即1个多词、1个缺词、8个错词。错词多为动词、名词、形容词和副词等方面的错误；多词和缺词则多为冠词和介词的冗余或缺失等。短文改错的考查点注意有：形容词和副词的比较等级、名词的单复数、固定短语、人称代词指代的一致性、物主代词、从句的连接词、时态、介词、情态动词以及非谓语动词等。二、解题技巧第一步：通读全文找错。通读全文的目的是理解短文大意，找出其中逻辑方面的错误。这一过程中一定要注意检查句与句之间的衔接是否合理，是否出现逻辑方面的错误，文章总体上使用的是什么时态，代词指代是否明确，上下文是否出现自相矛盾的地方等。第二步：字斟句酌辨析。改错既要防止只见树木不见森林、拘泥细节的做法，又要避免粗枝大叶、忽略细节的错误。在近几年的高考短文改错试题中，细节性错误占百分之七八十，所以做此类题时一定要仔细研究文章的每一个细节，不放过任何一处可能存在的问题，每一个单词都要斟酌一下是否使用正确。第三步：再读全文复查。这一步主要检查有没有语言不通、缺词漏词的现象，因果、转折或顺承等逻辑有没有问题，时态语态是否一致合理等。在这一过程中要将之前改不出来的部分再看一遍，检查常考的设错点有没有缺漏等，例如：如果没有名词单复数或动词时态方面的错误，那么就要再通读原文查找是否出现了这方面的错误；通读时发现有设错点重复的，也要加以改正。比如出现了两处冠词的错误，那么就要检查一下是否两个真的都错了还是哪个在改动上有误。.典题演练(2015新课标全国卷)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean or the mountains are green.Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Much rare animals are dying out.We must found ways to protect your environment.If we fail to do so，well live to regret it.能力提升演练A假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Last weekend our school held a sports meeting.Know it was our last high school sports meeting，we decided to make an unforgettable experience for all of us.We first attended the opening parade，for what our class had made a number of preparation.To our excitement，our parade performance was a great success.After the parade，the games started.My classmates attended variously events such as running，high jump or long jump.Owing to the hard training they have done before，their performances were very impressive.On the stand，my classmates cheered for the athletes，some raised their cameras to capture the excited moments.Finally，the result was announced.It was amazing that their class won the second place.Our efforts paid off!B假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Every child must learn one of lifes most important rules from his parents.For examples，never go off with a stranger，even if that stranger offers him a nice big cookie，an ice cream and a promise to go swimming.Therefore，for Julia，this concept is a little difficult to accept，especially when a stranger offers her something she cant refuse it.Once her mother tests her：“A strange man says，Julia，lets go to eat cookies.How will you say？”“I like that！”Julia answered rapid.In order to teach the “stranger danger”lesson to her daughter, this mother try again and again to let her daughter understand it not safe.In this way，she thinks shes giving her daughter the great gift of all，safety.C假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。A proverb says，“Time is money.”But in my opinions，time is even much valuable than money.Why？Because when money is spent，we can earn them back，so when time is wasted，we can never get it back.There is no doubt when time is very limiting，and even an hour is of great value.We should make full use of time do useful things.Its a pity that a lot of people didnt appreciate the value of time.They waste their time doing anything useful.We should form the good habit of racing against the time.D假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。As I was leaving the grocery store this afternoon，I saw a familya mother and her four kid sitting in the cold，it brought back memories from when I was a child.The little girl，about 13，told me he liked my Under Armour sweater.I said thank you and I was walking to my car I started feeling sadly.Put the groceries in my car，I suddenly thought the little girl didnt wear a sweater at the school because her mother couldnt afford one.So I drove to the little girl，take my sweater off but gave it to her.I knew she would get much use out of it than me.E假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I was a honest child indeed.I didnt dare to tell lies because of my eyes often let the secret out.I remembered telling a lie to my parents，and I could hard fix eyes on my fathers face，let alone my mothers eyes.I glanced here and there，up and down nervous.However，after I came to Beijing，I no longer have to worry about my nervous eyes because everything I wanted to speak was sent by letter.I found myself often tell small lies.I wrote “Im well in Beijing.I enjoy the food selling at the university.And at weekends，I often buy fried chickens or pork to eat.”F假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I bring Rose home five years ago.My neighbor Mrs.Black fell in love with her immediate she saw her.She was such lovely dog，after all.Rose also seemed to like Mrs.Black.Two years ago，however，Mrs.Black got cancer.Having been treating in hospital，she decided to receive treatment at home.Since my husband and I were busy in our work，we seldom went to see her.Three months ago，Mrs.Black died.To our surprised，her husband came to thank to us for keeping Rose one day.He said in the past several months，Rose went to accompany his wife every day before my husband and I went to work.With she around，his wife felt so warm and wasnt in so much pain.I never knew that.That Rose did was really heartwarming.G假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。What Does a Credit Card Bring Us is written by Eillton Henley.Its a brief or excellent article about credit cards.The author explains what credit cards work.And he also points out the positive and negative aspect for having it.American consumers are mostly likely to use credit cards.However，the use of credit cards are expanding into almost every country in world.The key point making by the author is that users should pay for the amount in full when a bill is sent from the credit card company.This protected all the advantages and avoids all the disadvantages of using credit cards.H假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I still remember my middle school life in Changchun.I was then in school for student from Wenchuan.As we were all left home of an early age，we met lots of problems in our daily life.We had to do the washing，cleaning and shopping by us.However，we seldom felt lonely or helplessly.We enjoyed our happy life.At weekends，we will play basketball on the playground，swimming in the pool or go for a picnic in the park.We were living in a big family.We treat each other as brothers and sisters.It has been five years when we graduated，but those memories are as sweet as ever before.I假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I watch TV until nearly 12 oclock，so I could not go over my lessons.This morning I got up very late that I had to hurry to school without breakfast.Yet I was late for the first class.When I entered the classroom，the math teacher also had to stop explaining a problem，and all the eyes fixed upon me.My face turned red.Something even bad happened on me in the English class.The teacher asked me to recite the text，but I could speak nothing but sorry，because I did not spend any times preparing my lessons.The teacher looked at me coldly.I stood at my bench，not dare to raise my head.What a terrible day I had！I will never do something like this again.J假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I saw an accident happening on my way to home this afternoon.A girl was crossing the street on a zebra crossing while a young man drove a motorbike towards her.The young man saw the girl and tried to stop，and he drove too fast to stop.He hit the girl and fell off her motorbike.The girl was badly hurt and couldnt move.The young man didnt know how to do.I ran to a phone box nearby and dialed 110.Soon the police reached.They sent her hospital at once.One of the policeman talked to the young man and wrote something down while he was talking.I thought it is very dangerous to drive very fast.K假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。We can do a lot in our daily life to achieve the goal of lowcarbon life.First，wed better turn off lights if possibly and spent less time watching TV or surfing the Internet.Save water also matters a lot.Beside，we should sort out the rubbish，hoping that we might recycle some of them，which will surely benefit from us a great deal.In addition，we suggest using handkerchief instead of tissues so that we can prevent more trees from cut down.More importantly，when we go out，walking，riding bikes or taking buses should be our first choice，which contribute to a clean world.L假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。One Saturday afternoon，Li Hua and Wang Ping，members from“Green Eyes”，was having an environmental protection activity near the riverside when they catch sight of a bird on the ground.They picked it out and found it wounded.Thinking it might die without timely help，they took it to home.They made a nest for it but fed it with rice and water.Under their treatment and care，the lucky birds got recovered soon.When time came for them fly the bird back to nature，they felt a bit pity but very delighting.I think its worthwhile for him to do such a thing.Here I call on the public to show respect to nature.Only by changing the way we treat the environment can we get along good with it.M假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。A man and his bored wife went on vacation to Jerusalem.While they were there，the wife past away.The undertaker(殡仪员)told a husband，“You can have her shipped home for $5，000，or you can bury her there，in the Holy Land，for $ 150.”The man thought about it and told him why he would just have her shipped home.The undertaker asked，“Why would you spend $ 5，000 shipped your wife home，when that would be wonderful to be buried here and you would spend only $ 150？”The man replied，“Long ago a man died here，buried here，and three days later he rose in the dead.He just cant take that chance.”N假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加