延续动词和非延续性动词的区别.doc

动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动 词与非延续性动词。一 . 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作 , 如 :learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等 。 延续性动词可以与表示 时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有 :for+一段时间 , for 2 years; since从句 ,since he came here; since+时间点名词 ,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time 等。例 :He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year?二 . 非延续性动词也称终止性动词、 瞬间动词 , 表示不能延续的动作 , 这种动作 发生后立即结束。 如 :open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用, 如:two years ago; at 5 oclock;例 :He died 5 years ago.否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。 例 :I havent left here for 3 years. I havent heard from him for 3 weeks.三 . 延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换:leave - be away, borrow - keep, buy - have, begin/start - be on, die - be dead, finish - be over, join - be in+组织机构 , be a member of+组织机构 , open sth - keep sth open, fall ill - be ill, get up-be up, catch a cold - have a cold, come here - be here, go there - be there, become - be, come back - be back, fall asleep - be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach - be (in, leave - be away from, get to know - know, go (get out be out, put on wear ; catch a cold have a cold等。 例 :The old man died 4 years ago. -The old man has been dead for 4 years. - It is 4 years since the old man died. -Four years has passed since the old man died. He joined the Party 2 years ago. -He has been in the Party for 2 years. I bought the book 5 days ago. - I have had the book for 5 days.1补充练习:1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes. A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away2. I _ the League for 5 years so far.A. joined B. have joined C. have been in3. The factory _ since the February of 1988.A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened4. Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000.A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become5.You mustnt _ until he comes back.A. be away B. leave C. be left6.The meeting _ for a week now.A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over7.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years.A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught8.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years .A. has been B. has become C. was D. became9. I _ home for a week.A. have returned B. have been back C. returned10. How long _ he _ ?A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead11. He _ at eight yesterday afternoon.A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept12.He _ the car for a week.2A. bought B. has bought C. has had13.-How long _ you _ ill ? -Two weeks.A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been14.Since 2000, he _ his hometown.A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from15.Ill lend you the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days.A. borrow B. keep C. take16.The bus _ on the road for 2 hours so far.A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been17.Are you _ the jacket these days?A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on18.He _ foe 2 hours.A. got up B. has got up C. has been up19. Tom is ill in hospital. He _ a cold for several days.A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had20.- How l