英语泛读三课后习题整理.doc

英语泛读三 Unit 1 University and Their FunctionText A1. 词汇Elicit: 引出，抽出 acquisition: 取得，获得 hamper: 阻碍 consistent with: 与一致Temperate: 温和的 assertion: 断言，主张 in obedience to : 遵从 Feeble: 虚弱的 construe: 分析，解释 impart: 给予，传授2. 句子释义1、 It is energizing as the poet of our dreams , and as the architect of our purpose.A: If taught imaginatively, students will be able to associate a pure fact with various meaning, seeing a fact as an agent that can bring out our dreams in a poetic fashion and help arrange our purpose into orderly structure.2、 It enable man to construct an intellectual vision of a new world , and it preserves the zest of life by the suggestion of satisfying purposes.A: People with imagination will be able to form a new outlook which is different from that of people without imagination .Imagination is capable of preserving peoples enthusiasm for life because it can show people that life has many purposes which can be pleasing.3、It requires that discipline of character which can say “yes” and “no” to other men , not by reason of blind obstinacy ,but with firmness derived from a conscious evaluation of relevant alternatives.A :A firm character should be able to decide to say “yes” or “no” to others point of view after taking all relevant choices into careful consideration .Such a decision is made out of unreasonable stubbornness.4、The conduct of business now requires intellectual imagination of the same type as that which in former times has mainly passed into those other occupations .A: In the past , intellectual imagination was required of professionals such as the priests the lawyers ,the statesmen ,the doctors , the men of science and arts as mentioned above in their work. Now business people should be able to apply this kind of imagination into their work ,too .5、There is no reason why business men , and other professional men ,should not pick up their facts bit by bit as they want them for particular occasions.A: Imagination and facts are not mutually exclusive . People trained in imagination should be able to pick up facts when necessary.3. 修辞手法Parallelism 平行结构Unit 2 Mother TongueText A1. 词汇Evoke: 引起,唤起 lengthy: 过长的 For lack of: 因缺少 insular: 隔绝的，孤立的Adopt: 收养 belie: 掩饰，与不符 cash out: 现金支出 Impeccable: 无瑕疵的,完美的 override: 推翻;不顾 behold: 看；注视句子释义1、It has become our language of intimacy.(私下)A : The kind of broken English my mother uses has been used in the family when me talk about our personal matters.2、My mothers expressive command of English belies how much she actually understands.A : My mothers broken English often gives people an impression that she knows little , but in fact she understands a lot.3、Whereas, for me at least , the answers on English test were always a judgment call ,a matter of opinion and personal experience.A: In my opinion , a question in language tests should not have just one correct answer ; instead , it requires the examinees to make a judgment ,express an opinion and relate the question to their personal experience . In other words , a language question could have multiple answer.4、I could not block out of my mind the images .A: Although I knew the tests meant to use “sunset is to night fall ” to imply a logical relationship rather than concrete images , I couldnt help imagining beautiful pictures of sunset and nightfall.5、I had succeeded where it counted .A：I had succeeded in respects which I deemed important.3. 修辞手法（Rhetorical）Pun: 双关语 Unit 3 The Problem of HappinessText A 词汇Contemplation: 沉思 proceed to : 进行 decidedly: 明确地 vaguest: 模糊的Presume: 假定 sufficient: 足够的 convince: 使确信，说服 Eternal: 永恒的；不朽的 confine: 界限；限制 recede: 后退；减弱；归还句子释义1、 This classification between material and spiritual pleasures is therefore confusing , unintelligible and untrue for me .A: I find the ideas of classifying pleasures as material for and spiritual unclear, unexplainable and unfactual.2、 Such an end or purpose of life , consisting in its true enjoyment , is not so much a conscious purpose , as a natural attitude toward human life.A: Such an end or purpose of life, represented in its true enjoyment, suggests less a conscious endeavor-endeavor to achieve than a free attitude freedom to order ones life.3、 Philosophers who start out to solve the problem of the purpose of life beg the question by assuming that life must have a purpose.A: Philosophers who begin with the intention to work out the problem of the purpose of life fail to prove they are right by assuming that life must have a purpose.4、Everything that we think God has in mind necessarily proceeds from our own mind.A: Everything we think God could think of inevitably results from our own thoughts.5、Every man projects his own conceptions and his own scales of values.A: Every man introduces his own thoughts and his own desirable of values。3. 修辞手法（Rhetorical）Antithesis: 对照 对照是一种将结构相同或基本相同，意义完全相反的语句排列在一起，以达到加强语气效果的修辞手法。结构相同，意义相反Unit 4 Remember the FarmText A词汇come by: 得到 in conjunction with: 与一起 luminous: 发光的 boil down: 煮浓senddown: 使下降 invite: 邀请 thump: 重击 snug: 温暖的;舒适的 fired: 引起 stole over: 渐渐控制;渐渐弥漫句子释义1、Let bigots say what they will.A: Let those who blindly believe in their ideas just say what they want to say, I would just hold my own opinions.2、For I have been there.A: I once was at that age and had experienced that feeling just like that boy.3、I know the taste of the watermelon which has been honestly come by, and I know the taste of the watermelon which has been acquired by art. Both taste good, but the experienced know which tastes best.A: I know clearly of different flavors of watermelon gained through different channels, among which, the flavor of the watermelon obtained by stealing tops the list.4、I know the disposition of elderly people to select the specked apples for the children, and I once knew ways to beat the game.A: I understand the old people always want to feel the children and offer them apples with specks, so I once recognized their tricks and managed to get good apples.5、How often I regretted that I was well enough to go.A: I frequently felt sorry that I was so healthy that I had to go out to attend these risks on such a chilly and dismal morning and could not stay in any more.3. 修辞手法（Rhetorical）Transferred Epithet: 移位修饰法移位修饰是将本应该用来修饰某一类名词的修饰语来修饰另一类名词。例：the unwelcome bed the melancholy gloomUnit 5 Speaking of PicturesText A词汇Sensational: 轰动的；感觉上的 distended: 使膨胀；使扩张 spectacular: 壮观的Agony:苦恼;极大的痛苦 morbidly: 病态的 mangle: 被破坏 superb: 极好的Relentlessly: 无情的 imminent: 迫近的 billowing: 翻腾句子释义1、Assigning the agency of a human being in terror of imminent death to the status of sideshow act.A: Publishing pictures of human death makes a serious life-and-death scene look like a petty show.2、The Philadelphia Inquirer : “Jaws and Towering Inferno are playing downtown; dont take business away from people who pay good money to advertise in your own paper.” A: The angry reader thinks that the pictures about what is happening in downtown look like pictures from disgusting horror movies. This reader further warns that people will not pay to advertise in a newspaper that publishes such unpleasant pictures.3、Was publication of that (third) picture a bow to the same taste for the morbidly sensational that makes gold mines of disaster movies?A: Producers of disaster movies make good money by making use of peoples unhealthy taste for horror. The publication of the third picture might be appealing to the same bad taste. 4、Printing pictures of corpses raises all sorts of problems about taste and titillation and sensationalism.A: Printing pictures of dead bodies makes people suspect that the publisher has taste or that the publisher is attempting to please the readers with cheap sensational matters.5、Murder victims are almost never photographed; they are granted their privacy.A: The corpses of the murdered are not photographed and printed in newspapers so as to protect the privacy of the victim.3. 修辞手法（Rhetorical）A rhetorical question: 反问Unit 6 How Does a Poem Mean?Text A词汇Retarded: 弱智的 haphazard: 偶然的 has given rise to: 使发生；引起 spate: 一阵Foretaste: 预先体验 coincided: 一致;符合 errand: 使命;差事 Stately: 庄严的;雄伟的 stunning: 极好的 engulfed: 吞噬 句子释义1、Any teaching of the poem by any other method owes the poem an apology.A: It is wrong to teach poetry in any way other than to teach students how to experience poetry.2、He is giving it the Wigglesworth treatment.A: The reader who only looks for important messages in a poem is treating the poem as doggerel, blind to what is poetic in poetry.3、Anything more than the truth would have seemed too weak.A: Exaggeration or overstatement would weaken the poetic effect.4、He wrote them because, for the fun of it, he had got himself into trouble.A: Those lines in the poem were the result of the poets interest in a complicated rhyme scheme which proved to be very different. To find enough rhyming words in English, the poet settled for those lines because he felt good enough about them.5、As Frost himself once defined freedom, it consists of “moving easy in business”.A: Robert Frost understands freedom as “freedom of movement with limitation and restrains”.3. 修辞手法（Rhetorical）Alliteration: 头韵即两个或更多的词以相同的音韵或者字母开头构成。例：dark and deep live and learnUnit 7 WomenText A 词汇Obliged: 必须的 adept: 熟练；内行 afflicted: 折磨;使痛苦 perceived: 认为；感知Succumbed: 屈服于 assuage: 劝慰 playing on: 利用 perpetuate: 保持;使不朽Conceivable: 可想象的 vulnerable: 脆弱的Rumpus: disturbance 喧闹 insidious: 阴险的 every bit: Just; equallyForte: strong point: 长处 wishy-washy: uncertain Passes muster with her: measures up to her standards or expectationsIrrepressible: not restrainable unbecoming: not right or proper eschew: avoid or shun 避免句子释义1、To be officially free is by no means the same as being actually and psychologically free.A: Although it is already recognized by the law that there should not remain racial discrimination, yet it does exist because the reality and social climate help to cultivate it.2、Our business and governments are staffed quite largely by people whose aptitude for the work consists solely of their being what is, by tradition, the right sex for it.A: Our business and government are mainly equipped with those who are employed, not because they are fit for the job, but simply because they are men.3、That is the climate which the human animal cannot tolerate.A: Under the social pressure, the fear of being not attractive to the opposite sex is intolerable to human beings.4、So long as women remain persuaded it would be unnatural of them to want it.A: If only women are still convinced that it was abnormal for them to want the equal treatment.5、We are betraying civilization itself if we do not set both sexes free to make a free choice.A: So long as both sexes cannot make their free choices according to their own mind, we are going away from civilization.3. 修辞手法（Rhetorical）Understatement: 低调陈述包括meiosis(弱陈), litotes(反叙)这种修辞格是故意使用有节制的措辞来陈述事实，故意轻描淡写，借低调与弱化语言形式来表示强调。它是与hyperbole（夸张）相对的一种修辞格。Hyperbole是故意夸大其词，化小为大；而understatement则故意采用“低调”，以大化小。常用表现方法：用反说代替正说，即not/no+un例：用not bad来表达very goodUnit 8 Welcome to CyberiaText A词汇real-time：即时的 implicit：隐含fabulous：难以置信的 delirious：令人激动的by and large: in general lurking：隐藏foot the bill 买单 repository：仓库among other things：以及其他 scrolling：展开 crack whiz：高手 obsession：困扰 rigorous and stringent：自律 pertaining to: relating to 与有关neophyte: novice 新手 catchall：包含一切 conscientious: cautious 谨慎的 enlightened：开明的 entail: weed browse：浏览 forums: 讨论会 wade through：费力前进 turned in, turned on and geeked out：(the net user) began to accept the Internet, loved it, and then could not live without it.句子释义1、As surely as the Department of Defense started this whole thing, AT&T or Ted Turner is going to end up running it.A: We know for a fact that the Department of Defense started the Internet. We are also sure that some business companies will ultimately take over the management of the Internet.2、Exercising choice is J.Individuals God-given right as an American.A: As an American citizen, J.Individual has the inalienable right to make a choice, to decide for himself or herself.3、The“shelf life”of a given post is no more than four weeks.A: A certain post will be kept in the forum for no more than four weeks on average and then it will be deleted.4、which obviously has a number of intellectually negative implications.A: The short length makes it almost impossible for the post to have meaningful contents.5、J. Individual has settled into an electronic suburb.A: J. Individual soon settled down in a discussion forum that attracts fairly well-to-do people just like him and will not venture on the Internet any further.3. 修辞手法（Rhetorical）Jargons: 术语；行话行话即一个行业、职业或类似的团体中使用的专业的或技术的语言。例：cybercafe floders shareware firewallUnit 9 WaldenText A词汇nimble: acute 敏锐 petulantly: offensively 坏脾气 game: energetic 热火朝天 strewn with: scatter 散落一地 lurch: sway 倾斜 frail: weak impetuous: rash 冲动 undulate: moving in waves 随波起伏 have the upper hand: advantage snooping：窥视 pertinence：相关 a smattering of: a few of lose ground: no longer popular extract：拿起 dearly：昂贵的 grossness：粗俗 grimly：狰狞地 induce ：导致 rouse: awaken 惊醒 cryptic：神秘的 delight：吸收 degenerate：堕落 odd: strange savagery：荒蛮 departed：已逝去的 at pains to：努力做 inauspicious：不幸的 soothe: comfortable 安抚 make of with：顺手牵羊 attended to: apply itself to 导致 flush：惊起了 convoy：护送 indistinct：模糊了 imbibe：吸收 at length: finally 详细 intervene：干涉 deliberately: on purpose 有意的 solitude：独处 congeniality: pleasantness 亲切的 句子释义1、That is a high speed at which to hold a philosopher in ones mind, but in this century we are a nimble bunch.A: Driving at a high speed is not a good occasion for philosophic thinking and meditation, but in 20th century we have to be accustomed to thinking while moving fast in driving or in our daily life.2、The account which you left of your sojourn there is, you will be amused to learn, a document of increasing pertinence; each year it seems to gain a little headway, as the world losses groundA: Dear Mr. Thoreau, you would find it interesting if I tell you that your Walden has become an increasingly important book. In this spiritually declining world, your book is becoming more and more important each year.3. The turtle had come up too to cross the road and die in the attempt, its hard shell smashed under the rubber blow, its intestinal yearning(for the other side of the road) forever squashed.A: The turtles desire to reach the other side of the road was spoiled when the cars ran over it and squashed its intestines.4. Trailer people leave the city, as you did, to discover solitude and in any weather, at any hour of the day or night, to improve the nick of time; but they soon collect in villages and get bogged deeper in the mud than ever.A: People follow your suit and drive their trailers to the countryside in order to be alone, to flee from the busy and crowed cities, but they soon gather together in the villages and get lost in the gathering crowd who are all busy with finding their solitude.5. I cannot defend the shoes or the expenditure for shelter and food: they reveal a meanness and grossness in my nature which you would find contemptibleA: E.B. White had to buy shoes and pay for the hotel room and food. Thoreau would probably consider it petty and vulgar to spend money on such unnecessary items and thus would probably look down upon the author.修辞手法Euphemis：委婉语委婉是用温和的、间接的词语代替生硬的、粗俗的词语，以免直接说出不愉快的事实冒犯别人或者造成令人窘迫、沮丧的局面。Unit 10 A Message to IntellectualsText A词汇momentous: important be conductive to：导致 age-old clichs：陈词滥调prudence：谨慎 to bring this home to men: make sth clear atavist：原始的 fateful: important implication：对有影响 shoulder：承担 poignancy：惨痛经验 inflict：承担b