考研英语2007年真题解析-434.doc

2007年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million 1 of these nations looked 2 to the future. Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian Colonialism, many of the leaders of independence 3 the ideas of representative government, careers 4 to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the 5 to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society. 6 there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a 7 set of 1aws.On the issue of 8 of religion and the position of the Church, 9 there was less agreement 10 the leadership. Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one 11 by the Spanish crown. 12 most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism 13 the official religion of the new states, some sought to end the 14 of other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying 15 for the conservative forces.The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had 16 in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spains 17 colonies. Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much 18 because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies 19 .Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was 20 self-rule and democracy.1Anatives BinhabitantsCpeoples Dindividuals2AconfusedlyBcheerfully CworriedlyDhopefully3AsharedBforgotCattainedDrejected4ArelatedBcloseCopenDdevoted5AaccessBsuccessionCrightDreturn6APresumablyBIncidentallyCObviously DGenerally7AuniqueBcommonCparticularDtypical8AfreedomBoriginCimpactDreform9AthereforeBhoweverCindeedDmoreover10AwithBabout CamongDby11AallowedBpreachedCgrantedDfunded12ASinceBIfCUnlessDWhile13AasBforCunderDagainst14AspreadBinterferenceCexclusionDinfluence15AsupportBcryCpleaDwish16AurgedBintendedCexpectedDpromised17AcontrollingBformerCremainingDoriginal18AslowerBfasterCeasierDtougher19AcreatedBproducedCcontributedDpreferred20 A puzzled byBhostile to Cpessimistic aboutDunprepared for2010考研英语真题完整版In 1924 American National Research Council sent to engineer to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawhtore Plant near Chicago It hoped they would learn how stop-floor Egnting _1_ workors productivity Instead，the studies ended_2_ giving their name to the“Hawhthome effect”the extremely inflentlcel ldea the veey_3_to bemg expenmented upon changed subjectsbehavior The idea arose because of the_4_behavior of the women in the platoAccordmg to _5_of the cxpetmemstheirhouriy output rose when hghtmg WaS increasedbut also when it was dimmed. It did not _6_what was done in the expenment. _7_sometmg was changedproduchnty rose A(n) _8_ that they were bemg experimented upon seemed to be _9_t0 alterworkers bchamor _10_ uself After several decades，the salile data were _11_to econometric the analysis Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store j2一the descnpuons on record，no systematic _13_was foundthat lcvcls of produchxnty wererelated to changes in lighting It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the cenments may be have let to _14_interpretation of what happed_15_，tighring was always changed on a Sunday When work started again on Monday, output _16_ rose compared with the previous Saturday and _17_ to rise for the next couple of days _18_ , a comparison with data for weeks whenthere was no expenmentation showed that output always went up On Monday, workers _19_to be duigent for the first few days of the week in any case，before _21_a plateau and then slackening off This suggests that the alleged” Hawthorne effect“is hard to ptn down 1.A affected Bachieved Cexlracted Drestored 2Aat Bup Cwith DOff 3AWuth Bsight Cact Dproof 4AconVoversial Bperplexing cmischieous Dambiguous 5Areqtttrents Bcxplanalions Caccounts Dassements 6Aconclude Bmatter Cindicate Dwork 7Aas faras Bfor fearthat Cin casethat Dso long as 8Aawarerress Bexpectation Csentiment Dillusion 9Asuitale Bexcessive Cenough Dabundant 10Aabout Bfor Con Dby 11Acompared Bshown Csubjected Dconveyed 12.Acontrary to Bconsistent with Cparallel with Dpealliar to 13.Aevidence Bguidance Cimplication Dsource 14.Adisputable Benlightening Cretiable Dwasleadmg 15.AIn contast BFor example CIn consequence DAs usual 16Aduly Baccidentally Cunpredictably Dsuddenly 17Afailed Bceased Cstarted Dcontinued 20.Abreaking Bchrnbing Csurpassmg Dhiting 2012年考研英语一真题The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices became an important issue recently. The court cannot_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law_ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that_ the courts reputation for being independent and impartial。Justices Antonin Scalia and Samuel Alito Jr., for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the courts decisions will be_ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _ by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself_ to the code of conduct that _to the rest of the federal judiciary。This and other cases _the question of whether there is still a _ between the court and politics。The framers of the Constitution envisioned law_ having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions _ they would be free to _those in power and have no need to_ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _。Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social _like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it _is inescapably political which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily _ as unjust。The justices must _doubts about the courts legitimacy by making themselves _to the code of conduct. That would make their rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, _, convincing as law。1 A emphasize B maintain C modify D recognize 2 A when B best C before D unles 3 A rendered B weakened C established D eliminated4 A challenged B compromised C suspected D accepted 5. A advanced B caught C bound D founded 6. A resistant B subject C immune D prone 7. A resorts B sticks C leads D applies 8. A evade B raise C deny D settle 9. A line B barrier C similarity D conflict 10. A by B as C through D towards 11. A so B since C provided D though 12. A serve B satisfy C upset D replace 13. A confirm B express C cultivate D offer 14 A guarded B followed C studied D tied15. A concepts B theories C divisions D convenience16. A excludes B questions C shapes D controls17. A dismissed B released C ranked D distorted18. A suppress B exploit C address D ignore 19. A accessible B. Amiable C agreeable D accountable20. A by all means B at all costs C in a word D as a result2010年硕士研究生入学考试英语二真题The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on June 11, 2009. It is the first worldwide epidemic_1_ by the World Health Organization in 41 years. The heightened alert _2_an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that convened after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising_3_in Britain, Japan, Chile and elsewhere.But the epidemic is _4_ in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organizations director general, _5_ the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the _6_ of any medical treatment. The outbreak came to global_7_in late April 2009, when Mexican authorities noticed an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths_8_healthy adults. As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to _9_in New York City, the southwestern United States and around the world. In the United States, new cases seemed to fade_10_warmer weather arrived. But in late September 2009, officials reported there was _11_flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the_12_tested are the new swine flu, also known as (A) H1N1, not seasonal flu. In the U.S., it has_13_more than one million people, and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations. Federal health officials_14_Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began_15_orders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine. The new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine, is _16_ ahead of expectations. More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009, though most of those _17_doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type, which is not_18_for pregnant women, people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties, heart disease or several other _19_. But it was still