高三一轮英语学案Book 1 Unit 5.doc

高三英语一轮复习学案Book 1 Unit 57. 课文回顾Complete the following passage with some of the words in this unit.Nelson Mandela was the first black president of South Africa. He _ all his life to making black and white people _. In 1952, he _ a law office to offer _ to the poor black people on their _ problems. Elias was helped by him when he was _ and then he became more _ about his life. Later when Mandela organized the ANC _ he joined it as soon as possible and fought together for the equal rights. They first broke the law in a _ way. Only when that was not allowed _ decide to answer violence with _. _, Elias didnt like violence, but he was happy to help _ some of the government buildings because of their dream. Unfortunately, they were _and _ five years hard labor there. However, they didnt _ but made efforts to be better _. In 1993, Mandela _ and founded the new South Africa. Elias got a job _ tourists round his former prison. He felt bad _ he talked to a group, but later better because he knew the work and the pay were his _ after working all his life for equal rights for the black people. 考纲词汇运用句子填空(根据首字母或汉语提示完成句子)1. Sun Yat-sen _ (建立，建设) the first Republic in China in 1911 after many years fighting.2. As a lawyer, he offers _ (指导) to poor black people on their _ (法律的，依照法律的) problems.3. With his help, I became more _ (有希望的) about my life .4. But I was ready to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people _ (相等的，平等的).5. Elias was _(乐意的，自愿的)to blow up government buildings.6. It was a building from which no one e .7. Since Elias was better e , he got a job working in an office.8. All that time my wife and children had to beg for food and help from r and friends.9. Elias remembered the beatings and the c of the guards and his friends who had died.10. They said the job and the pay from the new South African government were my r after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. 重点短语运用用方框中所给单词或词组的适当形式填空。educate, peace, turn to, devote, escape, reward, sentence, blow up，equal, come to power1. They always _ _ me when they are in trouble.2. Do you find your work _? 3. He was _ to eight years hard labour for burglary.4. The death of his _ friend made him sad.5. Things have changed a lot since Obama _ _ _.6. A policeman was killed when the car _ _.7. The people who work here are well _ as well as open-minded.8. Three people died in the fire, but John _ through the bedroom window.9. Men are born _ and you shouldnt look down upon others.10. We hope for a _ settlement of the quarrel between the two countries.【学习探究】. 语言知识拓展与运用1. devote vt.献身，专心于devote to 献身于；专心于在devote to短语中，to是介词，后面接名词或动词-ing。常见的类似短语还有：pay attention to (注意); stick to (坚持); lead to(导致); preferto(相比更喜欢); look forward to(盼望); 如：1) He devoted himself entirely to music. 他将一生奉献给了音乐。2) Mary devoted her life to caring for the sick. 玛丽献身于为病人服务。【运用】汉译英1) 她深爱她的孩子。_2) 我们应全力以赴地工作。_2. quality n. U,C 质量；品质；特点，属性常见短语：good / bad quality 好坏的品质； average quality 一般的品质；high / poor quality 优质劣质；first-rate quality 一等【运用】汉译英1) 他具备成功商人所有的品质。He _ a successful businessman.2) 比起数量来，我更注重质量。I prefer _.3) 木头的一个特性就是能够燃烧。_ is that it can burn.3. equal adj. 相同的；平等的vt.等于，比得上n. 同等/相等的人或物be without equal / have no equal 无与伦比，无比be equal to sth / doing sth.胜任某事/ 做某事其它的由to构成的短语还有：be similar to 同相似be familiar to sb. 为某人所熟知be familiar with sth. 熟悉某物be indifferent to sth.对某事不关心，不在乎，不感兴趣be kind to对和蔼be polite to 对很有礼貌be friendly to对很友好【运用】英译汉1. He asked us to cut the apple into three equal pieces. _2. Are you equal to (doing) the task? _3. A equals B. _4. None of us can equal her in height / diligence / patience / strength / intelligence._5. Yao Ming is a basketball player without equal in China._单项选择He doubted whether she would be _ to the task.A. equal B. similar C. familiar D. content4. turn to 求助于，致力于turn around 转身 turn away拒绝不准某人入内turn down 关小；拒绝 turn in 上交turn into 把变成，译成 turn on 打开 turn off 关掉turn out 证明是，结果是 ；赶走 turn over 翻身，翻转 turn up 出现，到达 ；开大音量 【运用】英译汉1. Nobody seems to understand. I dont know who to turn to._2. Paul turned to drinking alcohol to try to forget his problems at work._3. The job turned out to be harder than we thought._4. Why did she turn down your invitation?_5. set up设立，创立，建立set aside储蓄；将置于一旁；set off 动身，出发；引爆，燃放；激发；set out启程；set out to do sth.立志要做； set about doing着手做 ；set down写下，记下；【辨析】set up强调建立机构组织； found强调打下基础，多指国家、组织的成立；put up强调临时搭建，不能表示组织、机构的建立。 【运用】1) The newspaper was _ in 1909.2) Many tents were _ in the earthquake - stricken areas.3) The local government decided to _ another school for the children in the village.6. willing adj. 乐意的，自愿的 adv. willingly n. willingnessbe willing to do sth. = be delighted to do sth. = be pleased to do sth. 乐意做某事； be willing for sb. to do sth. 愿意让某人做某事 be unwilling to do sth不乐意做某事【运用】英译汉1) Are you wiling that he should be admitted into club? _2) If you are _to fly at night, you can get a much cheaper ticketA. guilty B. enthusiastic C. stubborn D. willing7 lose heart丧失勇气或信心lose ones heart to sb.= fall in love with sb. 爱上某人lose ones job 失业lose ones balance 失去平衡lose ones breath上气不接下气 lose ones life 丧生; 遇害lose face 丢脸; 受屈辱 learn by heart 记住，背诵take sth. to heart 深为某事而感动put ones heart into 热衷于 heart and soul 全心全意地give heart to sb. 鼓励某人【运用】单项选择We should serve the people _.A. without heart B. without heart and soul C. heart and soul D. for the heart and soul 8.escape v&n 逃脱；逃生；泄露escape from从逃脱逃避escape death死里逃生escape ones notice没注意narrow escape死里逃生【运用】英译汉1. She managed to escape from the burning car._.2. He was lucky to escape punishment. _.3. His name escapes me. _单项选择Mike often attempts to escape _ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A to be finedB having been finedC to have been finedD being fined9. reward n. 报酬；回报 v. 奖赏，报答 rewarding adj.有意义的；值得的reward sb. for sth 因奖赏(报答)某人reward sb. with sth. 以 奖赏(报答)某人 in reward (for)作为(对报答/奖赏)【辨析】reward, award和prizereward表示“奖赏，酬谢”，动词只能以人或人的行为作宾语，名词表示某人因做了某事而应得到某东西。award 作名词指正式或官方 “给与，颁发，授予”(奖章，奖金等)，也可以指法庭裁决；作动词可以跟两个宾语，award sb. sth., 把某物授予/判给某人。prize 只能做名词，表示奖赏、奖金、奖品”，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉【运用】翻译1) He worked hard_. 他辛勤工作却丝毫不求回报。2) His effort _ remarkable success.辉煌成就是他辛勤努力的回报。单项选择。The girl got nothing in _for her kindness, which made her very sad.A. prize B. award C. medals D. reward. 高考链接单项选择：1. The island is _ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons. (2010全国卷)A. partly B. merely C. nearly D. equally2. Sam _ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. (2010山东)A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up3. Little _ about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself. (2009陕西)A. did Rose care B. Rose did care C. Rose does care D. does Rose care 4. Shell never forget her stay there _ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. (2009四川卷)A. that B. which C. where D. when 5. Life is like a ling race _ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. (2009重庆)A. why B. what C. that D. where 6. _ you eat the correct foods _ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. (2008江苏)A. Only if; will you B. Only if; you willC. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will7. I would like a job which pays more, but _ I enjoy the work Im doing at the moment. (2006浙江)A. in other wordsB. on the other hand C. for one thing D. as a matter of fact8. What do you think of teaching, Bob? I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _ you are doing something serious but interesting. (2009安徽)A. where B. Which C. When D. that. 话题分析与运用本单元围绕着“什么是伟人，伟人拥有的品质，伟人的生活”学习了介绍一个伟大人物时使用的单词和短语。把下面的这些句子根据英语提示用本单元的单词或短语翻译句子。然后加必要的连接词组成一篇短文。1.我们都知道不同肤色的人是平等的。纳尔逊曼德拉毕生都在致力于实现这个梦想。(As we all know，equal ，devote to)_.2.1944年，他成立了非国大青年团号召人们为了他们竞选的权利而斗争。(found， the ANC Youth League， call on， struggle for rights)_.3.在1952年，他在约翰内斯堡开了一家律师事务所帮助贫穷的黑人解决他们的问题。黑人都很爱戴他。(open ,a law office, help on)_.4.1962年，曼德拉鼓励人们使用暴力来反抗反黑人法来获得自己的权利，因此被判处五年的劳役。(anti-black laws, be sentenced to)_.5.一年之后，作为非国大的领导人之一，他领导这些黑人去炸当地的政府以实现他们黑人与白人平等的梦想，而他再次被判处监禁罗本岛上直到现在。(blow up, make black and white people equal, until now.)_.6.我想他所做得都是为了他的人民他的祖国不是为了他自己。他有一颗无私又勇敢的心。他是一位伟大的人物。(unselfish and brave heart)_.【拓展提高】. 单项选择1. Its helpful to put children in a situation _they can see themselves differently. (2009福建)A. that B. when C. which D. where 2. The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. (2009江西)A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which 3. Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time. (2009陕西)A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which 4. Mozarts birthplace and the house _ he composed The Magic Flute are both museums now(2009上海)A. where B. when C. there D. which5. _, and Charles felt hopeless.A. Sentenced to death B. As he was sentenced to deathC. Sentencing to death D. He was sentenced to death6. The boy has reached the stage _ he is easily made angry by only little case. A. where B. when C. why D. which 7. What do you suggest _ next? A. shall I doB. will I doC. should I doD. I do8. I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies.A. I realizeB. I had realizeC. had I realizeD. did I realize 9. I have lost in the game again._ .You still have more chances. A. what a pity B. Dont lose heart C. Dont lose your heartD. Sorry to hear that10. Some students have trouble _ grammar while others have difficult _ new words. A. in, remember B. for, to rememberC. on , remembering D.with, remembering. 完形填空When Sir Winston Churchill, the great British Prime Minister, reached his eightieth birthday in November, 1954, he was presented with his portrait by a well-known modem artist, Graham SutherlanD.The painting had been ordered and paid for to 11 the Grand Old Man of World War. Sir Winston and Lady Churchill were deeply moved by this 12 of respect and affection. 13 of them, of course, allowed the others to see how much they both disliked the portrait. “It makes me look 14 , which I am not!” protested Churchill in private(私下). 15 , he only remarked that it was fine example of modern art. His friends smiled. It was known that Churchills didnt 16 modern art.Churchill was so unhappy about the portrait that finally his wife had it 17 . Churchill died at ninety in 1965. Land Churchill 18 him in 1977. Shortly after her death, the public learned what had happened to the 19 , and a heated argument broke out. The painter was 20 sad. The artist community, shocked and 21 , said that the destruction of the picture had been a crime (罪行). Historians said that they regretted the disappearance of a(n) 22 document. All agreed that Churchills didnt have the 23 to do what they had done. Graham Sutherland had told Churchill that he would 24 him “as he saw him”. Churchill never had a chance to see the work in 25 since the painter 26 to show it to him. He found out only 27 he received his present that Sutherland had seen him 28 a heavy, sick, tired old man. Since he hated old age, he was naturally 29 .Who has the right to a work of art, the owner, the donor, or the artist who created it? Was the portrait a good one, as many(including the painter) said? Or was it bad as others thought? None of these questions have been answered yet to everybodys 30 .11. A. give B. regard C. paint D. honour12. A. mark B. piece C. prize D. trade13. A. Neither B. Both C. Either D. All14. A. wise B. gentle C. stupid D. happy15. A. Fortunately B. Obviously C. Straight D. Publicly16. A. care for B. look like C. turn down D. make up17. A. hidden B. hung C. destroyed D. returned18. A. mourned B. missed C. followed D. buried19. A. painting B. man C. woman D. artist20. A. understandably B. unexpectedly C. unreasonably D. unthinkingly21. A. afraid B. regretful C. curious D. angry22 A. interesting B. colorful C. expensive D. historical23. A. chance B. right C. power D. courage24. A. help B. obey C. paint D. show25. A.progress B. place C. need D. sight26. A.agreed B. promised C. refused D. hated27. A.until B. when C. before D. though28. A.as B. to C. about D. for29. A.moved B. worried C. tired D. hurt30. A. surprise B. disappointmentC. delightD. satisfaction. 阅读理解Barack Obama is the strongest African - American candidate (候选人) to run for the US Presidency. Over the course of his campaign, Obama has shared a unique relationship with African-American voters. At first their votes were not guaranteed.But now, as Obama has become the Democratic (民主党) front-runner over rival (对手) Hillary Clinton, he has won 29 states to her 17, although many of those victories were in small states, he is exciting black voters like no candidate has ever done.Obama was born to an African father and a mother from a small town in Kansas. He was raised in Hawaii and Indonesia. This is an unusual background and some African- American voters questioned whether he was black enough.At the beginning of his campaign, four out of five black Democrats viewed Clinton favorably, much higher than the 54 percent who had a favorable view of Obama, according to combined findings from two polls (民意调查). But that was the beginning and a lot has changed since then. It has been Obamas message of change and his catch phrase We can that has brought into politics people who normally stay out.Obamas great speeches and dynamic (有活力的) personality inspired young people and people wanting change. With their support Obama started to win different states. His character appealed to everyone regardless of race.Obama is seen as someone different. He is a different type of politician, one who believes that bringing the country together is not done by insulting (侮辱) your opponent but by exciting the voters. Obama excites voters so much that women have been known to faint during his speeches.African-American Democrats used to be reluctant (勉强的) to support Obama because they didnt think a black man could be elected, Bill Schneider, a political analyst told CNN. But now they believe.That belief is contributing to even greater success for Obama. On Tuesday night he won the primary in the state of Mississippi, which has the most registered black voters in the US. Obama won nearly 90 percent of their votes.Hes inspired me, and its been a while since Ive been inspired politically, truck driver Jasper Clark was quoted in a US newspaper.31. Which of the following statements about Obama is TRUE?A. His father was an African.B. He was born and raised in Africa.C. His mother was an African.D. He was born in Indonesia. 32. What has caused many people to support Obama?A. his African-American background B. his exciting speeches and appealing personalityC. his financial promises D. his charming appearances33. What makes