2017下半年教师资格证考试《英语学科知识与教学能力》(高级中学)

文档来源 准题库 APP 20172017 下半年教师资格证考试下半年教师资格证考试 英语学科知识与教学能力 英语学科知识与教学能力 高级中学高级中学 本卷共分为 2 大题 33 小题 作答时间为 120 分钟 总分 150 分 90 分及格 一 单项选择题 本大题共 30 小题 每小题 2 分 共 60 分 在 每小题列出的四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案 请用 2B 铅笔把答题 卡上对应题目的答案字母按要求涂黑 错选 多选或未选均无分 1 The sound of th in thin is A voiceless dental and fricative B voiced dental and fricative C voiceless dental and affricative D voiced dental and affricative 答案 A 解析 考查辅音的发音 本题属于语音知识 也属于语言学中语音学的 知识 th 字母组合在单词 thin 中发 音 发此音时 声带是不振动的 即不带声的 voiceless 另外 发 音时舌头要顶住牙齿 所以叫齿音 dental 按照发音方式 它是空气通过与牙齿摩擦发出的声音 属于摩擦音 fricative 故选 A 2 Of all the following pairs of words is a minimal pair A boot and bought B deep and dog C either and neither D ghost and best 答案 A 文档来源 准题库 APP 解析 考查音系学中的最小对立体 最小对立体 minimalpair 指除了出 现在同一位置上的一个音之外其余都相同的两个语音组合 在音位分析中 只 涉及一个音素差别的对立体叫做最小对立体 如 pen pen 和 ben ben 几个选 项中只有 A 项中两个单词的元音发音不同 前后两个音都是爆破音 b 和 t 故选 A 3 can fly very high in sky A The birds the B The birds C Birds the D Birds 答案 C 解析 考查冠词 句意为 鸟可以在天空中飞得很高 不定冠词 单 数名词 或单个复数名词可表示一类 这里 birds 指的是鸟类 表示泛指 不 加定冠词 sky 是世界上独一无二事物 前面用定冠词 the 修饰 故选 C 4 In my opinion she is kind and polite so I put her rudeness today down as A ordinal B untimely C progressive D accidental 答案 D 解析 考查形容词辨析 句意为 在我看来她是善良和有礼貌的 因此 我认为她今天的粗鲁是偶然的 0rdinary 普通的 untimely 过早的 不适时的 progressive 进步的 进行的 accidental 意外的 偶然 的 故选 D 5 With spring approaching the pink of the apple blossom is beginning to 文档来源 准题库 APP A show B grow C rise D ascend 答案 A 解析 考查动词辨析 句意为 随着春天的到来 粉红的苹果花开始出 现在枝头 show 露出 出现 显现 grow 生长 rise 上升 ascend 攀登 上升 此处春天到来 粉红的苹果花应该是显露出来 故选 A 6 Mr Woods I am here just in case anything out of the ordinary A happens B happen C would happen D will happen 答案 A 解析 考查状语从句及其时态 句意为 伍兹先生 我在这里只是以防 不寻常的事情发生 提及将来可能出现的情况成为某人现在做某事的理由时 可以用 in case 或 just in case 在状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来 时 另外 anything 是不定代词 作主语时谓语动词通常用单数 故选 A 7 I look back on this pleasant holiday in Beijing with pleasure A anything but B all but C everything but D nothing but 答案 D 文档来源 准题库 APP 解析 考查短语辨析 句意为 我回忆起在北京的这个只有乐趣的快乐 的假期 any thing but 根本不 绝不 all but 除 外全都 every thing but 除了 都 not hing but 仅仅 只 故选 D 8 Tom take this baggage and put it you can find enough space A which B in which C wherever D whereas 答案 C 解析 考查状语从句 句意为 汤姆 拿走这个行李 把它放在你能找 到有足够空间放它的地方 分析句子成分可知 put 后面缺少状语 where 和 inwhich 都可以在定语从句里做地点状语 但该句是由 and 连接的并列复合句 and 后面的句子中缺少先行词 所以它不是定语从句 而是状语从句 用 wherever 引导地点状语从句 表示 在 的任何 所有 地方 故选 C 9 What is the main rhetoric device used in The Pentagon was divided on the air strike A Synecdoche B Metonymy C Metaphor D Oxymoron 答案 B 解析 考查修辞学 题干意思是 The Pentagon was divided on the air strike 这句话主要用了什么修辞手法 上面句子的字面意思是 五角大 楼就空袭事件产生分歧 显然不合理 实际应该是五角大楼里的人对空袭事 件意见不 这里的 五角大楼 一词是美国国防部的代名词 指代在这座建筑 文档来源 准题库 APP 里工作的人 英语中将借代通称为 metonymy 换喻 转喻 指用一个事物来取 代另一个相关事物 这种修辞手法可以使语言更丰富 更生动 也可以避免重 复 在新闻写作中 这个修辞手法会经常被用来帮助创造多样性 故选 B synecdoche 提喻 通常指用事物本身的一部分来代替其整体 比如以 hands 代 persons 以 wheels 代 car metaphor 隐喻 暗喻 是简缩了的明喻 是将某 一事物的名称用于另一事物 通过比较形成 oxymoron 矛盾修饰法 是把两个 意思相反 互相矛盾或互不协调的词用在一起 以产生警句式的修辞效果 10 Which inference in the brackets of the following sentences is a presupposition A Ede caught a trout Ede caught a fish B Don t sit on Carol s bed Carol has a bed C This blimp is over the house The house is under the blimp D Coffee would keep me awake all night I don t want coffee 答案 B 解析 考查语义学中的句义关系 题干意思是 下列括号里对句子的推 断哪个是预设 presupposition 前提 预设 通常被认为是一种背景信息 也就 是说的话已经包含了另外的判断 比如 我可以借你的自行车吗 说这句话 必须有一个前提 那就是 你有自行车 所以从语义的角度来看 句子所包 含的 前提 预设 和这个句子本身的意义有十分密切的关系 该题中 B 项 不要坐在卡罗尔的床上 的前提条件是 卡罗尔有床 符合题干意思 故 选 B 11 Which of the following instructions is helpful in developing students ability to make inferences A Listen to a story and write a summary B Listen to a story and work out the writer s intention C Listen to the story of a boy and then draw a picture of him D Listen to a story and note down the specific date of an event 文档来源 准题库 APP 答案 B 解析 考查听力技能教学 题干意思是 以下哪项指令有助于培养学生 的推断能力 A 项 听故事 写摘要 B 项 听故事 确定作者的意图 C 项 听一个男孩的故事 然后画一幅他的画 D 项 听故事 记下事件的具 体日期 在听力技能教学中 让学生通过听材料来分析和判断作者意图 即 根据听力材料中的已有信息推断出未知信息 这可以训练学生的推断能力 故 选 B 12 The most suitable question type to check students comprehension and develop their critical thinking is A rhetorical questions B referential questions C close questions D display questions 答案 B 解析 考查课堂提问的类型 题干意思是 哪一种类型的问题最适合用 于检测学生的理解以及培养他们的批判性思维 rhetorical questions 反问 句 句子表面是疑问形式 但说话者的态度和意见很明确 并不需要听话者 的回答 referential questions 参考性问题 此类问题一般没有现成的答 案 教师也没有明确的答案 提问的目的在于力求学生发散思维 寻求信息 一般包括推理 评价性的问题和批判 创造性的问题 close questions 封 闭性问题 有固定答案且答案是唯一的 学生回答时借助再认或再现 通常 用于强化巩固课堂 display questions 展示性问题 这种问题的答案通常 是唯一的 教师预先知道问题的答案 提问只是为了考查学生对语言知识的掌 握情况 学生作答时只需凭借表层理解 短时记忆 或是快速查找课文 便能 找到答案 一般包括对是非 对错的选择性问题和事实 回忆性问题 故选 B 13 Diagnostic test is often used for the purpose of A finding out what students know and don t know 文档来源 准题库 APP B measuring students general language proficiency C knowing whether students have the right language aptitude D checking whether students have achieved the teaching objectives 答案 A 解析 考查语言测试类型 题干意思是 诊断性测试的主要目的是什么 诊断性测试是语言测试的一种类型 它主要用来探测和发现学生的理解和表达 障碍 以便教师及时改进教学手段 从而积极地干预学习过程 诊断性测试常 常基于教师的教学经验和学生对某些语言点尚未完全掌握所表现出的种种迹象 来命题 其成绩一般不用来衡量和评估学生的语言水平 因此只有 A 项 发现 学生知道什么和不知道什么 符合题意 B 项属于水平测试 proficiency test C 项属于能力测试 aptitude test D 项属于学业成绩测试 achievement test 故选 A 14 Which of the following activities is often used to develop students speaking accuracy A Identifying and correcting oral mistakes B Acting out the dialogue in the text C Having discussions in groups D Describing people in pair 答案 A 解析 考查口语教学活动 题于意思是 以下哪项活动通常用于培养学 生的口语准确性 A 项 识别并纠正口语错误 B 项 表演文中的对话 C 项 分组讨论 D 项 两人一组描述人物 口语纠错可保证语言的正确输 出 为精确表达奠定基础 是关注准确性的口语活动一角色扮演 课堂分组讨 论 小组活动都是关注流利性的口语活动 故选 A 15 If a teacher asks students to make their own learning plan he she is trying to develop their A cognitive strategy 文档来源 准题库 APP B affective strategy C communicative strategy D metacognitive strategy 答案 D 解析 考查学习策略 题干意思是 如果教师让学生制定他们的学习计 划 他 她是在培养他们的什么策略 不同的研究者对学习策略有不同的分类 但各种分类法中基本都涉及四种策略 即认知策略 元认知策略 情感策略和 交际策略 其中元认知策略 metacognitive strategy 指学生对自己的认知过 程及结果的有效监视及控制的策略 包括计划策略 监控策略和调节策略 计 划策略指的是对学习等活动的事前规划 如制定学 习计划等 故选 D 16 When a teacher tells the students that the word dog may imply loyalty he she is teaching the of the word A denotative meaning B collocative meaning C conceptual meaning D connotative meaning 答案 D 解析 考查词汇教学内容 题于意思是 当教师告诉学生 dog 这词也暗 含 忠诚 的意思时 教师是在教单词的什么意义 词的意义一般分为词汇意义 和语法意义两个方面 前者指词所表达的意思 通常分为外延意义 denotative meaning 和内涵意义 connotativemeaning 后者指词与词之间的相互关系 包括搭配 近义词 反义词和下义词 外延意义也叫概念意义 conceptual meaning 或所指意义 referential meaning 是词汇的最基本意义 是语言符 号所代表的事物的最基本特征的抽象概括 常视作是词语在词典中的定义或释 义 内涵意义指词的隐含意义或象征意义 如 d09 一词 原本意思是 狗 一种动物 也就是我们所说的外延意义 而狗象征着忠诚 因此 忠诚 是它 的一个内涵意义 故选 D 文档来源 准题库 APP 17 Which of the following is the last step in the process of writing essays A Editing the writings B Writing topic sentences for paragraphs C Gathering information and ideas relevant to the topic D Organizing the information and ideas into a logical sequence 答案 A 解析 考查写作教学过程 题干意思是 下列哪项是写作过程的最后一 步 A 项 校改作文 B 项 写出每段的中心句 C 项 收集与话题相关的 信息 D 项 按逻辑顺序组织信息 写作一般包括写前准备 写初稿 写 后编辑和校改等几个步骤 准备阶段主要是寻找话题 明确主题 根据写作目 的收集与主题相关的信息 组织素材和规划文章结构 列出提纲 初稿阶段包 括起草文章 添加内容 修改阶段包括检查所写内容 加工润色 同伴互改和 小组评议等 故选 A 18 The main purpose of asking questions about the topic before listening is to A meet students expectation B increase students confidence C activate students schemata D provide feedback on tasks 答案 C 解析 考查听力教学活动 题干意思是 在听前提出与话题相关的问题 其主要目的是什么 A 项 满足学生的期望 B 项 增强学生自信 C 项 激活学生的图式 D 项 提供任务反馈 在听前阶段 教师提出与话题 相关的问题可以激活学生头脑中已有的关于听力材料的图式知识 激活有关听 力话题的背景信息 故选 C 文档来源 准题库 APP 19 If a teacher asks students to fill in the blanks in a passage with that which or whom he she is least likely focusing on grammar at A lexical level B syntactic level C discourse level D morphological level 答案 D 解析 考查语法教学内容 题于意思是 如果教师让学生用 that which whom 进行填空 那么他 她最不可能关注语法的哪个层面 lexical level 词汇层面 syntactic level 句法层面 discourse level 语篇 层面 morphological level 形态学层面 语法教学的内容不仅包括语言 形式 结构 还包括语意和语用 语言形式 结构包括词法 句法等 语意包 括语法形式与结构的意义 语用指语言在一定的语境 语篇中的表意功能 该 教师让学生选择关系代词填空 目的是让学生掌握定语从句这项语法的形式 意义和运用 形态学是研究词的内部结构和构词规则的科学 故选 D 20 If a teacher asks students to talk about their hobbies in groups he she is trying to encourage A peer correction B peer feedback C peer interaction D peer assessment 答案 C 解析 考查小组活动 题干意思是 如果教师让学生分组谈论他们的爱 好 那么他 她是在鼓励什么 peer correction 同伴纠错 peer feedback 同伴反馈 peer interaction 同伴交往 peer assessment 同伴评价 教师让学生分组谈论他们的爱好 可以促进同学之 间的交流和互动 故选 C 文档来源 准题库 APP 请阅读 Passage 1 完成第 21 25 小题 Passage 1 With her magical first novel Garcia joins a growing chorus of talented Latino writers whose voices are suddenly reaching a far wider more diverse audience Unlike Latin American writers such as Colombia s Gabriel Garcia Marquee of Peru s Mario Vargas Llosa whose translated works became popular here in the 1970s these authors are writing in English and drawing their themes from two cultures Their stories from Dreaming in Cuban to Julia Alvarez s How the Garcia Girls Lost Their Accent and Victor Villasenor s Rain of Gold offer insight into the mixture of economic opportunity and discrimination that Latinos encounter in the United States Garcia Girls for example is the story of four sisters weathering their transition from wealthy Dominicans to ragtag immigrants We didn t feel we had the beat the United States had to offer one of the girls says We had only second hand stuff rental houses in one redneck Catholic neighborhood after another clothes at Round Robin a black and white TV afflicted with wavy lines Alvarez a Middlebury College professor Who emigrated from Santo Domingo when she was 10 says being an immigrant has given her a special vantage point We travel on that border between two worlds and we can see both points of view With few exceptions such as Chicano writer Rudolfo Anaya many Hispanic Americans have been writing in virtual obscurity for years nurtured only by small presses like Houston s Arte Publico or the Bilingual Press in Tempe Ariz Only with the recent success of Sandra Cisneros s Woman Hollering Creek and Oscar Hijuelos s prize winning novel The Mambo Kings Play Songs of Love have mainstream publishers begun opening door to other Latinos Julie 文档来源 准题库 APP Grau Cisneros s editor at Turtle Bay says Editors may now be looking more carefully at a book that before they would have deemed too exotic for the general readership But if Villasenor s experience is any indication some editors are still wary In 1989 Putnam gave Villasenor a 75 000 advance for the hardcover rights to Rain of Gold the compelling saga of his family s migration from Mexico to California But the editors says Villasenor wanted major changes They were going to destroy the book It s nonfiction they wanted to publish it as a novel And they wanted to change the title to Rio Grande which sounded like some old John Wayne movie After a year of strained relations he mortgaged his house borrowed his mother s life savings and bought back the rights to the book that had taken 10 years to write In frustration Villasenor turned to Arte Publico In the eight months since its release Rain of Gold has done extremely well considering its limited distribution 20 000 copies have been sold If we were a mainstream publisher this book would have been on The New York Times best seller list for weeks says Arte Pulico s Nicolas Kanelos The author may still have a shot he has sold the paperback rights to Dell And he was just named a keynote speaker with Molly Ivins and Norman Schwarzkop0 for the American Booksellers Association convention in May Long before they gained this sort of attention however Villasenor Cisneros and other Latino writers were quietly building devoted followings Crossing the country they read in local bookstores libraries and schools Their stories they found appeal not only to Latinos who identify with them but to a surprising number of Anglos who find in them a refreshingly different perspective on American life 文档来源 准题库 APP Still there are unusual pressures on these writers Cisneros vividly recalls the angst she went through in writing the final short stories for Woman Hollering I was traumatized that it was going to be one of the first Chicano books out there I felt I had this responsibility to my community to represent us in all our diversity 21 Which of the following is true of Garcia as a Latino writer according to the passage A She offered insight into the confrontations between two cultures B She emigrated from Santo Domingo when she was 10 years old C She became popular for her translated works in America in the 1970s D She described her transition from wealthy Dominicans to ragtag immigrants 答案 A 解析 细节题 定位到第一段 根据第二句 Unlike Latin American writers such as whose translated works became popular here in the 1970s these authors are writing in English and drawing their themes from two cultures 可知 A 项正确 C 项不正确 根据最后一句 Alvarez a Middlebury College professor who emigrated from Santo Domingo when she was 10 可知 B 项不正确 根据 Garcia Girls for example is the story offour sisters weathering their transition from wealthy Dominicans to ragtag immigrants 可知 D 项不正确 22 What advantage do the new generation Latino writers have over Latin American writers according to the passage A The former are able to write in two different languages B The former can translate their works into different languages 文档来源 准题库 APP C The former are able to express ideas from a bi cultural perspective D The former can travel freely across the border between two countries 答案 C 解析 细节题 根据第一段第二句 Unlike Latin American writers these authors arewritingin English and drawing their themes from two cultures 及最后一句 being an immigrant has given her a special vantage point Wetravel on that borde rbetween two worlds and we can see bothpoints of view 可知 C 项正确 23 Which of the following is true of the Latino writers according to Paragraph 2 A Their works are full of obscurities B None of their works won an overnight success C Most of them remained unknown to the public for years D They have great difficulty getting their works published 答案 C 解析 细节题 定位到第二段 第一句提到 With few exceptions such as Chicano writer Rudol fo Anaya many Hispanic Americans have been writing in virtual obscurity for years virtual obscurity 是默 默无闻 不出名的意思 与 C 项中的 unknown 意思相近 所以 C 项正确 A 项 是对 obscurity 的错误理解 B 项错误 第二句提到 Only with the recent success of D 项文章没有提到 24 What can be drawn from Villasenor s experience A Some editors of mainstream publishers are critical B Many Latino writers were mostly favored by small presses C Rain of Gold was going to be one of the first Chicano books 文档来源 准题库 APP D Rain of Gold was intended to be published as a novel by the author 答案 A 解析 推断题 定位到第三段 第一句提到 But if Villasenor s experienceisanyindication some editors are still wary wary 的 意思是 机警的 谨慎的 与 A 项中 critical 的意思是对应的 接下来是具 体说明 Byt tge edutirs wanted major changes Theywere going to destroy the book It s nonfiction they wanted to publish it as anovel And they wanted to change the title to Rio Grande 由此可以推断出 A 项 B C 项文中没有提到相关内容 结合最后一句 After ayear of strained relations he bought back the rights to the book that had taken 10 years to write 可知作者最终买回了这本书的版 权 也就是说作者并不同意出版商把它改编成小说出版的做法 D 项说法不正 确 25 What did the new generation Latino writers do to get their works known to the public A They avoided writing those too exotic for readers B They revised their works as required by press C They translated their works into English D They read their books in public places 答案 D 解析 细节题 根据最后一段中的 Crossing the country they read in local bookstores libraries and schools 可知 D 项正确 Passage 2 请阅读 Passage 2 完成第 26 30 小题 Passage 2 Scientists have been surprised at how deeply culture the language we 文档来源 准题库 APP speak the values we absorb shapes the brain and are rethinking findings derived from studies of Westerners To take one recent example a region behind the forehead called the medial prefrontal cortex supposedly represents the self it is active when we we being the Americans in the study think of our own identity and traits But with Chinese volunteers the results were strikingly different The me circuit hummed not only when they thought whether a particular adjective described themselves but also when they considered whether it described their mother The Westerners showed no such overlap between self and mom Depending whether one lives in a culture that views the self as autonomous and unique or as connected to and part of a larger whole this neural circuit takes on quite different functions Cultural neuroscience as this new field is called is about discovering such differences Some of the findings as with the me mom circuit buttress longstanding notions of cultural differences For instance it is a cultural cliche that Westerners focus on individual objects while East Asians pay attention to context and background another manifestation of the individualism collectivism split Sure enough when shown complex busy scenes Asian Americans and non Asian Americans recruited different brain regions The Asians showed more activity in areas that process figure ground relations holistic context while the Americans showed more activity in regions that recognize objects Psychologist Nalini Ambady of Tufts found something similar when she and colleagues showed drawings of people in a submissive pose head down shoulders hunched or a dominant one arms crossed face 文档来源 准题库 APP forward to Japanese and Americans The brain s dopamine fueled reward circuit became most active at the sight of the stance dominant for Americans submissive for Japanese that each volunteer s culture most values they reported in 2009 This raises an obvious chicken and egg question but the smart money is on culture shaping the brain not vice versa Cultural neuroscience wouldn t be making waves if it found neurobiological bases only for well known cultural differences It is also uncovering the unexpected For instance a 2006 study found that native Chinese speakers use a different region of the brain to do simple arithmetic 3 4 or decide which number is larger than native English speakers do even though both use Arabic numerals The Chinese use the circuits that process visual and spatial information and plan movements the latter may be related to the use