Starter units1-3.docVIP

1. hellohihello “你好”，是朋友、亲人或者熟人之间非正式的问候语， 可以用来表示问候、打招呼或引起对方注意，回答时用hello或hi均可。hi 和hello一样也是“你好”的意思，在美国用的非常普遍，不仅用于熟人之间，也用于陌生人之间，比hello更简洁和随便，尤其用于擦肩而过的打招呼。例如：Hello/Hi, Bob! 你好, 鲍勃！Hello/Hi, John. 你好，约翰。注意：（1） 打电话时一般用hello而不用hi。例如：Hello, this is Mary. 喂，我是玛丽。（2） 当引起人们注意时，两者都可以。例如：Hello/Hi, is anyone there? 喂，那儿有人吗？（3） 对老师、上级、年长者以及有身份地位的人打招呼时，一般不用hello和hi，以免对其显得不尊重。此时要根据具体的场合选择不同的正式的问候语。例如：Good morning, Miss Wang. 早上好，王老师。（4） 在初次介绍朋友时，人们还是愿意使用比较正式的问候语。例如：How do you do? 你好。Nice to meet you. 很高兴见到你。2. thanks“Thanks.” 相当于“Thank you.”，在英美等国家是使用频率最高的礼貌用语。当别人帮助、关心、问候、祝福我们时，应使用“Thank you./Thanks.” 应答，表示谢意。由于文化的差异，当得到对方的称赞、夸奖时，英美人也用“Thank you. /Thanks.”来应答，以示礼貌。这点与我们中国人不同。例如：You look nice in this skirt. 你穿这件裙子看起来很漂亮。Thanks. / Thank you. 谢谢！3. please“please”意为“请”。在句中表示礼貌或客气，可置于句首，也可置于句末；置于句末时，前面要用逗号隔开。例如：Please spell it. 请拼写它。Spell it, please. 请拼写它。4. good ,fine ,OKgood 是对某人或者某物在某一方面表现出色的评价用语。例如： He is a good boy. 他是个好男孩。fine 常用来指“身体健康”，“天气晴朗”等。例如：Im fine, thank you. 我很好，谢谢。Its a fine day today. 今天天气很好。OK 主要用于口语中，表示征求别人意见时，意为“好吗？可以吗？”；而用于回答时则表示“好吧，可以”。一般不用于正式文体中。两个字母都要大写。例如：Can you help me with my English? 你能帮我学英语吗？OK！好的。5. a / ana/ an 是不定冠词，表示“一个（支，把）”。表示泛指，可以用于第一次提到某人或者某事。例如：a book 一本书 an old man 一个老人a ruler 一把尺子 a pen 一支钢笔I have a bike. The bike is yellow. 我有一辆自行车。那辆自行车是黄色的。a/an只能用在单数可数名词前面。a 用于辅音音素开头的词前，an用于元音音素开头的词前。例如：a bike 一辆自行车 a desk 一张桌子 （/b/ /d/均是辅音音素，故前面用a）an egg 一个鸡蛋 an orange 一个桔子 （/ / 均是元音音素，故前面用an）6. thethe是定冠词，意为“这（个），那（个）；这（些），那（些）”。用在名词前面表特指。指说话双方都知道的人或事，还可以指前面提到过的人或事。”Give the book to me. 把那本书递给我。My father bought me a pen. The pen is red. 我爸爸给我买了一支钢笔。那支钢笔是红色的。7. andand意为“和”，是并列连词，用来连接两个对等关系的单词、短语或句子。例如：father and son 父与子 war and peace 战争与和平8. inin 是介词，意为“在里，在中”。用于表示地点、范围和部位之内，还用于表示用某种材料和语言等。例如：E is in evening. E在evening里。The pen is in the box. 笔在盒子里。Whats this in English? 这个用英语怎么说？9. HB, CD, BBC英语中常把几个单词的首字母写在一起，构成一个单词的缩写，此缩写的每一个字母都要大写。HB 是hard black的缩写，表示“硬黑”，表示铅笔的硬度和黑度。买铅笔时常在笔身上看到以下的字母：2B, HB, 2H。H越多，笔芯的硬度越大，写出来的字就越浅；B越多，笔芯就越软，写出来的字就越黑。CD 是computer disc的缩写，表示“激光唱片”。BBC 是British Broadcasting Corporation的缩写，表示“英国广播公司”。其他常见的缩写还有：CCTV 中国中央电视台 WTO 世界贸易组织 USA 美利坚合众国CCP 中国共产党 P停车场；停车位 UN 联合国词汇精练I. 根据首字母及汉语提示完成句子。 1. W_ is this in English? 2. Its _（一个）orange. 3. Its a _（地图）. 4. S_ it, please. 5. This is a _（钥匙）in English. 6. This is a b_ （黑色的）jacket. 7. That is a red r_（尺子）. 8. C_ you speak English?答案与解析1. What 2. an 3. map 4. Spell 5. key 6. black 7. ruler 8. Can . 用a, an或者the填空。1. Whats this? Its _ egg.2. Look! There is _ apple.3. This is _ bike.4. That is _ old car.5. I have _ pencil.6. I have _cat. The cat is black.7. This is _ book and that is _ eraser.8. Its _ orange.9. I have a cup. _ cup is white.10. She is _ good girl.答案与解析1. an 2. an 3. a 4. an 5. a 6. a 7. a, an 8. an 9. The 10. aIII.将下列的缩写词填在与其对应的中文后面的横线上。HB CCTV CD UFO P NBA kg BBC1. (美国)全国篮球协会_2. 激光唱片_3.（铅笔芯）硬黑_4. 不明飞行物_5. 千克_6. 中国中央电视台_7. 英国广播公司_8. 停车场；停车位_答案与解析1. NBA 2. CD 3. HB 4. UFO 5. kg 6. CCTV 7. BBC 8. P1Good morning.早上好。“Good morning.”意为“早上好，上午好”，适用于比较正式客气的场合，用于早晨或上午（中午12点前）向他人问候。答语仍为“Good morning!”在非常熟悉的人或家人问候时，可省略good,直接说morning即可。问候时，称呼语通常放在后面，中间用逗号隔开。例如：Good morning,Alice! 早上好，Alice!Good morning,Cindy! 早上好，Cindy!常见的日常问候语还有：“Good afternoon.”，下午好。用于下午12点到18点这一时间段。例如：Good afternoon, Eric! 下午好，Eric!Good afternoon, Frank! 下午好，Frank!“Good evening.”，晚上好。用于晚上18点到21点这一时间段。例如：Good evening, Bob! 晚上好，Bob!Good evening, Alice! 晚上好，Alice!2.Whats this/that in English? Its a map.这个/那个用英语怎么说?它是一幅地图。whats 是what is的缩写形式，意为“是什么?”。本句是用来询问某种东西的英语说法的常用疑问句，与中文语序不一样，疑问词what总是放在句首的位置。句中this意为“这个”，是指示代词，用来指离说话人较近的人或事物。例如：This is a pen.这是一只钢笔.当指离说话人较远的人或者事物时，用that。例如：That is my school bag. 那是我的书包。注意：这个句子在回答的时候要用人称代词而不用指示代词。例如：Whats this in English? 这个用英语怎么说？Its a table. 它是一张桌子。（正确）This is a table. 这是一张桌子。（错误）3. Spell it, please.请拼一下。此句型中的“spell”是拼写的意思，因此答语是组成这个单词的每个字母。回答时每个字母都要大写，且中间要用连字符。例如：Whats this in English? 这个用英语怎么说？Its an orange. （它是个）桔子。Spell it, please. 请拼一下。O-R-A-N-G-E. 桔子。4.How are you?你好吗？“How are you?”意为“你(身体)好吗?”是熟人之间就健康状况而发出的问候，但并不是想深入交谈某人的健康状况,只是一种礼貌的问候方式,其答语为“Fine./Im fine./Im OK.” 等,并表示感谢。例如：Hi, Cindy! How are you? 嗨，Cindy！你好吗？Im OK. Thank you. 我很好。谢谢。5. What color is it?它是什么颜色？这是对颜色进行提问的特殊疑问句，句中color意为“颜色”，答语为“Its+颜色”。例如：What color is the pen? 这支钢笔是什么颜色？Its black. 它是黑色的。I找出下列问句的适当答语。（有一个选项是多余的）( ) 1. Is this a TV game in English?a. No, its his notebook.( ) 2. Whats that in English? b. No, its a computer game.( ) 3. How do you spell “English”?c. Its 535 6601.( ) 4. Is this your notebook? d. Its E N GL I S - H.( ) 5. Whats your phone number? e. Please call Mary.f. Its an English dictionary.答案与解析1-5 bfdac. 连词成句，注意标点符号1. do, you, how, do (?)_2. is, it, blue, a, schoolbag (?)_3. color, is, the, what, key (?)_4. spell, it, please, can, you (?)_5. orange, an, is, orange (.)_答案与解析1. How do you do?2. Is it a blue schoolbag?3. What color is the key?4. Can you spell it , please?5. An orange is orange.III. 按要求变换句子1. This isa quilt. (对划线部分提问) _ is this ?2. He is Frank. (改为同义句) His _ is Frank.3. How are you?（做出回答） _, thank you.4. The car iswhite(对划线部分提问) _ _ is the car?5. Thats a Chinese book. (改为一般疑问句) _ _ a Chinese book?6. Imfine. (对划线部分提问) _ _ _？7. How do you do? (做出回答) _ _ _ _?8. _ this _ English ? (根据答句补充问句) Its an orange.9. Please spell it. (同义句改写) _it，_10. Good morning! (做出回答) _ _ !答案与解析1. What 2. name 3. Fine 4. What, color 5. Is, that6. How are you?7. How, do, you, do 8. Whats, in 9. Spell, please10. Good, morning. 根据所给汉语完成句子1. 你今天早上怎么样？ _ are you this _?2. 这个用英语怎么说？ Whats this _ _?3. 你能拼写出这个单词吗？ _ you _ this word?4. 我的夹克衫是黄色。 My _ is _.5. 请坐下。 Please _ _.6. 这是你的铅笔盒吗？不是。 _ this _ pencil case? _, it _.7. 那是什么？是棒球。 _that? _ _baseball.8. 这是他的英语书吗？是的。 Is _ _ English book? Yes, _ _.9. 我家的电话号码是8732091。 My home _ _ is 8732091.10. 雷格斯，晚上好。 _ _, Grace.答案与解析1. How, morning 2. in, English 3. Can, spell 4. jacket, yellow5. sit, down 6. Is, your, No, isnt7. Whats, Its, a8. this, his, it, is9. phone /telephone, number 10. Good, evening巩固练习. 单项选择。1.Good morning! _ A. Thank you. B. Hello! C. Good morning. D. Fine.2. How are you, Miss Li? _. A. Hello B. Good Morning C. Yes, Im Sandra D. Fine, thank you3. My name is Kate. _? Lisa. A. Are you Lisa B. Whats your name C. Whats that D. Please4. Whats the girls name? _. A. Kate is B. It Kate C. That is Kate D. Her name is Kate5. Is he _ Englishman? A. a B. an C. the D. 6. Is that your _? A. a bike B. bike C. bikes D. a bikes7. Thank you very much. _. A. Thanks a lot B. Oh, yes, thank you C. Thats all right D. Thats right8. What are these? _. A. These are books B. Its a book C. They are pens D. Thats arent pens9. Your bag is very nice. _. A. Thank you B. Sorry C. OK D. No, its not nice10. Their picture _ old. A. are B. is C. am D. arent11. _ is that in English? Its a clock. A. What B. How C. Whats D. Hows12. Is that a car? _ A. Yes, that is. B. Yes, it is. C. No, that isnt D. No, it is.13. Look! This is a _. A. egg B. English bus C. banana D. apple14. Can you _ it, please? Yes. B O O K, book. A. read B. write C. spell D. look15. Lily is a _ girl. A. good B. fine C. well D. China. 完形填空。Andy and Lily are students in No.27 Middle School. Nick is new.(Andy=A Lily=L Nick=N)A: Hello! Lily!L: 1! Andy.A: How are you?L: Fine, thank you.2?A: Im fine,3.L: Look at the boy over there with (带)a box, who 4he?A: Lets go and say (说) 5to him.L: 6, Im Lily; this is Andy, Whats your name?N: My name is7, Nice to meet you.A&L: 8to meet you!A: Let me help you carry (搬) the 9.N: 10 !1. A. Goodbye B. See you C. hello D. Hello2. A. And you B. Are you C. Am ID. Is he3. A. two B. Too C. too D. Two4. A. am B. isC. are D. be5. A. good nightB. hello C. goodbye D. good evening6. A. hiB. HiC. No D. hello7. A. Nick B. AndyC. LucyD. Lily8. A. good B. NiceC. niceD. Nick9. A. books B. treeC. box D. water10. A. GoodbyeB. Bye C. Thank D. Thank youIII. 阅读理解。AA: Hello!B: Hello!A: Whats this?B: Let me see. Its a schoolbag. Is it your schoolbag?A: Yes, it is. Thank you. Whats your name, please?B: Myname is Mary.A: Can you spell it, please?B: Yes. M-A-R-Y, Mary. Whats your name?A: Jenny. Nice to meet you, Mary.B: Nice to meet you, too.A: Where are you from(来自)?B: Im from USA. What about you?A: Im from England. How old are you?B: Im 13.A: What class are you in?B: Im in Class Two.A: Oh, we are in the same (相同的)class.1. Is it Marys schoolbag?A. Yes, it is. B. No, it isnt. C. Yes, it isnt. D. No, it is.2. How old is Mary?A. 11. B. 12. C. 13 D. 143. What class is Jenny in?A. Class 0ne. B. Class Two. C. Class Three. D. Class Four.4. Are they from the same country?A. Yes, they are. B. No, they arent. C. Yes, they arent. D. No, they are.5. Where is Mary from?A. China. B. England. C. Japan. D. USA.BMy name is Mary. Im a middle school student. Im thirteen. My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher, too. Bill is my brother. We are all here today. The man in a brown coat is my father. The woman in a yellow sweater is my mother. Bill is that boy on the chair.6. Mary is a _.A. man B. boy C. teacherD. student7. “How old is Mary?” “She is _.”A. fourteenB. thirteenC. twelve D. eleven8. Marys father is a _.A. teacher B. workerC. studentD. policeman9. Marys mother is in a _.A. brown coatB. red shirt C. yellow sweater D. blue skirt10. Bill is Marys _.A. fatherB. friendC. sister D. brother. 书面表达。假如你是Frank, 早上你遇见了Bob, 你们互相问好，然后你问Bob手上拿的东西（地图）用英文怎么说，他告诉了你，你感谢他。请用英语根据以上提示写一个对话：Frank: _Bob: _Frank: _Bob: _Frank: _Bob: _Frank: Good bye.Bob: Good bye.答案与解析I. 单项选择。1. C。“Good morning.”的答语还是“Good morning.”。2. D。日常用语的固定回答。3. B。由答语可知上文问的是姓名。4. D。“girls”应该用“her”来代替,意为“她的”。5. B。“Englishman”以元音音素开头，因此前面用an。6. B。“Is that”是对单数名词的提问，因此排除C，D项；单数名词前有其他词修饰时，不加冠词，因此排除A项，故本题选B。7. C。英文中别人向你表示感谢时，要回答“Thats all right.”；“Youre welcome.”之类的答语，表示“不用谢，不客气”等意思。8. C。用指示代词提问时，要用人称代词回答。9. A。英文的习惯是，别人夸奖你时，要回答“Thank you.”，表示对别人赞扬的感谢，这和中文的习惯不同。10. B。主语“Their picture ”是单数，因此be动词选is。11. A。“Whats that in Engli