《英语单词拼读规则》速学速记.doc

、辅音字母的读音规则1. c 在字母e，i，y前读/s/，如cell，city，cyst； 其余情况下读/K/，如cat，club，code.2. g 在字母e，i，y前读/，如gene，gin，gym； 其余情况下读/g/，如beg, golf, game.3. s 清辅音后下读/s/，如six，desk，yes； 名词复数 动词第三人称 浊辅音 元音后 读/z/，如is，his，visit4. x 处于两元音字母之间，且其后元音重读时，读/gz/，如exist； 其余情况下读/ks/，如six, next, excuse.1) 无论ex后跟着什么字母只要重音包括次重音落在第一个音节上则ex的发音即为/eks/。例exercise expert extra exhibition 2) 若ex后接一个元音字母且重音不落在第一个音节上则/igz/。例如exact exam example exist。 3) 若ex后接一个辅音字母且重音不落在第一个音节上则ex读/iks/。例excuse expect exchange except experience experiment explain expose express expression expensive extend extraordinary 5. q 读/k/,如Irq, NASDAQ (股票名); 常与字母u用在一起, qu 读/kw/, 如 quick, question.二、 辅音字母组合的读音规则1. ch, tch 读/，如China, much；catch, match2. ph, gh 读 /f/，如photo, phone 3. sh 读 /，如shape, she, short, fish4. th 多数情况下读/，如 three, third 但有时读/ ,如 that, than, with.(读/时可下画一线). 5. wh 在字母o前读/h/,如 who, whom, whose(其中的字母o读/u:/) ；其余情况下读/w/，如which，when，why.6. dg, dj 读/，如judge，lodging；adjust,adjective.7. n 在和字母g构成字母组合时，以及处于读/g/或/k/的字母前（如c, g, k等）读/。如long,thing,length；uncle,zinc；angry,finger；drink,think,thank.8. gu 在元音前读/g/，如guess,guide,guest；在字母n后读/gw/，如language， distinguish，linguist. 字母n因为处于/g/音前而读/.9. 两个读同一个音的字母并列时,只读一个,如little,miss,hill,hobby；clock,neck,black； scene,science,scythe,excite,except；according,accuse,occur. 三、 元音字母在重读音节中的读音规则 英语中有四类重读音节：闭音节，开音节，r音节，re音节。1. 闭音节 指以辅音字母结尾的音节。元音字母 a,e,i(y),o,u 在重读闭音节中分别读 /e/i/ ,如hand, help,lip,gym,hot,club.2. 开音节 指以元音字母、元音字母+哑e或一个辅音字母+哑e结尾的音节。 后者也叫约定开音节. 元音字母 a,e,i(y),o,u 在重读开音节中分别读/ei/i:/ai/u/ju:/ (即读字母名称，但y读/ai/)。如： a,face,make,age; he,mete, see,eve; I,hi,by,bye,time,type; go, home,stone,toe; cube,tube,use. 但字母u 在字母 j，l，r 后，读/u:/,不读/ju:/，如 June,blue,rule.3. r音节 指以字母r或r +辅音字母结尾的音节。在r音节中：ar 读/:/, or 读/:/,er, ir, yr, ur 都读/:/。如：arm,far,start,large,Marx；or,for,cord,order； verb,her,serve；sir,first,dirty,circle,myrtle； hurt,nurse,return,murmur.注1 双r前的音节，是闭音节，不是r音节。如：carry,marry,berry,mirror,sorry,hurry.注2 在/w/音后，ar读/:/, 如 war,warm,warn；or读/:/, 如 word,work,world,worse.4. re音节 指元音字母与 re 结合而成的音节。 在re音节中：are读/e/，ere读/i/，ire,yre读/ai/，ore读/ :/, ure读/ ju/。如：care,dare,rare,hare,prepare；here,mere,severe；fire,wire,tire,entire,tyre； more,fore,core,before； cure,pure,endure四、 元音字母在非重读音节中的读音规则1. a, o, u 读/，如 China, second, difficult.2. e, i, y 读/i/,如 result,victim,happy.3. ar, er, ir, or, ur, yr读/,如 grammar , letter, circum ference doctor murmur,martyr,persist,western,eastern.4. o, u 处于词末时分别读/u/,/ju:/(即不弱化，按重读音节规则读)。 如 cargo, Negro；menu.5. u 在多音节词中，紧邻重读音节时，读/ju/(即轻度弱化)。如regular,popular,monument.6. a,i,y,u 在多音节动词中，处于约定开音节结尾中，按重读音节读。如 isolate,advertise,analyse,substitute.7. y 在多音节动词词末不弱化，读/ai/。satisfy,maltiply,occupy 五、 元音字母组合的读音规则1. au,aw 读/:/,如 cause, aural, launch, sauce, law, dawn.2. eu,ew(iew)读/ju:/,如 neutral, deuce；new, view, review.3. ou,ow 读/au/,如 house, loud；how,now, down.4. ai,ay 读/ei/,如 wait, aid；day, may.5. ei,ey 读/ei/,如 veil, weight；grey, they, convey6. oi,oy 读/i/,如 choice, oil；boy, toy.7. ea,ee 读/ i:/,如 eat, cheap；deep, need.8. ie,(c)ei 读/i:/,如 field, believe；receive, ceiling.9. oa 读/u/,如 road, soap, boat.10. ue 读/ju:/,如 Tuesday, value, pursue.11. air,aer 读/e/,如 air,fair; aerial, aeroplane.12. ear,eer 读/i/如 ear, clear；beer, deer.13. our 读/au/如 our, sour, hour.14. oo 1.读/u/: 在字母k前（book,look,took）和在good,foot,stood,wood,wool 及其派生词(goodness,football,woolen等)中读/u/。 2.读/u:/: 在其余情况下读/u:/,如: cool,food,loose,room,zoo.3.读/ /: 在flood，blood及其派生词（flooding,bloodless等）.15. igh 读/ai/,如 high, light, might, night.16. augh,ough 读/:/,如 daughter, caught, taught；ought,fought, thought。17. oul 在 could,should,would 中读/u/。六、 几个非重读后缀或字母组合的读音规则1. a 在后缀-ace，-ade，-age，-ate中读/i/，如 palace,comrade,village,accurate.2. e 在后缀-el,-en,-ent,-ence,-ency中读/,如cruel,open,student,silence,fluency.3. i 在后缀-ible中读/, 如 possible.4. ai,ay,ei,ey 在非重读音节中一般弱读为/i/,如mountain,Friday,forfeit,valley.5. -ful 读/ful/,如 helpful, harmful, useful.6. -gue 读/g/,如 dialogue, catalogue.7. -que 读/k/,如 cheque, picturesque.8. -ous 读/s/,如 famous, generous, nervous. 9. -our 读/,如 favour, honour, labour.10. -ure 读/,如 figure, injure. 但在failure中读/j/. 11. -ow 读/u/,如 window, yellow, pillow.12. -ture 读/,如 picture, culture, furniture.13. -sure 在元音字母后读/,如 closure, exposure. 在辅音字母后读/，如 pressure,flexure(x=ks).14. -ion 读/n/, 如 fashion, cushion.15. -tion 读/n/ 如 nation, production, solution.16. -stion 读/sn/ , 如 question, sugestion, digestion.17. -sion 在元音字母后读/n/，如 vsion, occasion, divsion；在辅音字母后读/n/，如 discussion,impression,expansion.18.-ce,-ci,-si,-ti,-xi 在字母 a,e,o 前读/，如： ocean； social；Asia；partial； Egyptian；suffcient；patient；prcious；Russian；anxious.19. -i 在字母 d,t,n,l 后，且在元音字母前，读/j/。如 audience,frontier,opinion,familar.20. -ed（过去式后缀） 在清辅音后读 /t/,如：worked, jumped, missed.在浊辅音和元音后读 /d/,如：robbed, begged；played,studied.在字母d，t 后读 /id/,如：needed, plnted.21. -(e)s(名词或动词词尾) 在清辅音后读 /s/,如：desks, lamps, looks. 在浊辅音和元音后读/z/,如：pigs, pens, plays, goes.在/,z,s/等音后读/iz/,如：urges, watches, wishes, rses, faces.u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读u(:)音，例如：July influence February issue2-12元音字母读 音例 词编 号a在w音后面want what watch wash quality3-01a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前:after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father3-02i在-nd -ld和gh前aifind child light high3-03o在-st -ld前oumost postcard old cold3-04o在m n v th前come monkey love mother3-05元音字组读 音例 词编 号arar在w音后面:car farm dark sharpener4-01:warm quarter towards4-02oror在w音后面:forty morning short4-03:word worker worse4-04er ir ur:certainly bird Thursday4-05元音字组读 音例 词编 号arecare dare hare5-01ereihere mere5-02ireaifire hire wire 5-03ore:more score before5-04urejupure cure5-05are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读音，例如：picture pleasure5-06重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读r音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring 5-07某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph 5-08元音字组读 音例 词编 号airair hair chair pair repair 6-02alal在f m前small ball talk wall all6-03:l always also salt almost6-04:half calm6-05au/aw:autumn daughter draw6-06eai:teach easy cheap please6-07 eheavy bread sweater weather6-08eibreak great 6-09 earihear dear near clear year6-10bear pear wear swear6-11:earth learn early6-12eei:jeep week green three6-13eeripioneer deer beer6-14ei/eyeieight neighbour they6-15 i:either key6-16eu/ew在j l r s后ju:new few newspaper6-17u:flew brew jewelry 6-18ie/eis音之后i:piece field receive6-19oaoucoat Joan boat goal6-20 oar/oor:roar board door floor6-21oi/oyinoise point boy toilet6-22oou:broom food tooth school6-23ubook look cook foot good6-24ou/owauflower house count down6-25ouknow row throw though6-26young country enough6-27u:group you soup6-28our:course your four6-29auour hour ours6-30:journey6-31ui在j l r s后ju:ifluid suicide tuition6-32u:juice fruit suit6-33元音字组或字群读 音例 词编 号ai/ay ei/eyiSunday foreign monkey7-01owouyellow sparrow tomorrow7-02元音字组在非重读音节中读音或i。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee 7-03-sion -tionnimpression nation 7-04-sion在元音字母后nvision decision occasion 7-05-tion在s后nquestion suggestion7-06-stensnlisten7-07-stleslwhistle7-08-surepleasure measure7-09-turepicture culture7-10九、辅字组的读音辅字组读 音例 词编 号bbbike bus bag9-01 /bomb tomb 9-02cc在e前或在i/y前kcake picture coat music9-03sface decide cinema9-04chmuch chick rich teacher9-05kschool headache chemistry9-06machine Chicago9-07-ckkcock pocket black knock9-08dddoctor bread hand day 9-09-dgebridge fridge9-10dr-drchildren driver drink9-11fffive four breakfast9-12gg在e i/y前 bag gardon go 9-13orange large German 9-14ghfcough enough9-15/light daughter high9-16gu- -guegu在非重读音节中guess league dialogue9-17wlanguage anguish 9-18hhhot head house hand9-19/hour honest9-20jjeep jar joke join July9-21kkkind bike skate make week9-22kn-nknife know k