初中英语时态整理.doc

初中英语时态整理作谓语的动词用来表示动作（情况）发生时间的各种形式称为时态。构成：1. 一般时态a. 一般现在时用动词原形，但第三人称单数后要加词是-s/es;b. 一般过去时用过去式；c. 一般将来时用shall 或will 加动词原形；d. 一般过去将来时用 should 或 would 加动词原形；2. 进行时态: 助动词be+主要动词的现在分词 （am/is/are/ was/ were doing）3. 完成时态：助动词 have+主要动词的过去分词 （have/ had done）4. 完成进行时态：助动词 have+ been +主要动词的现在分词附表：一般时态进行时态完成时态完成进行时态现在writewritesamis writingarehas written havehasbeen writinghave过去wrotewas writingwerehad written 将来shall writewill 过去将来should writewould要点、难点：J 一般现在时1. 第三人称单数后加s注意：以 ch, sh, s, x, 或o 收尾的词加 es; 以 “辅音字母+y” 结尾的词变y 为i 再加es; 2. 含义：a. 经常性或习惯性的动作 b. 现在的特征或状态 c. 普遍真理 d.计划或时刻表3. 常用时间状语：often, always, usually, sometimes, every day, once a week J 现在进行时1. 少量动词可以用进行时表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作，如：go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay 等；2. 表示一个经常性的动作或状态，或是表示一种感情（如赞叹、厌烦等），或是强调暂时性。如: be always doing J 一般将来时1. 在时间或条件状语从句中，一般不用将来时，而用现在时代替。 如：Ill let you have the book when Im through. / Ill be round to see you if I have time tomorrow. 2. 表示倾向或习惯性动作。如：Oil will float on water. 3. 否定形式表示“不能” “没法” 如: This machine wont work. J 一般过去时1. 发生的时间不是很清楚，但实际上是过去发生，应当用过去时。如： I didnt know you were in town. / What did you say? 2. 谈到已死的人多用过去时，但有时也可以用现在时。 J 过去进行时过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作；一般过去时表示一个完成的动作。J 过去将来时1. 表示从过去某时看将来要发生的事情。如：He said he would raise the question at the meeting.2. 注意在间接引语中的使用。J 现在完成时1. 到现在为止的这一时期中发生的情况（可能是多次动作的总和，也可以表示状态和习惯性的动作）；对现状有影响的某已发生的动作。2. 当有一个表示过去某时的状语（包括when）时，不能用现在完成时。3. 常用词：already, yet, just, as yet, ever, never, since 4. 区别： have been to & have gone to J 现在完成进行时1. 表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作，可能仍在进行，也可能停了一会儿。2. 可以用来强调时间的长久。如: She has always been working like that. 3. 也可以用来强调现在以前这段时期反复发生的事情。如：Shes been cyclying to work for the last three weeks. J 过去完成时1. 表示过去的过去：过去完成时表示的动作较另一过去的动作先发生。2. 在包含when, as soon as, before, after, until, now that 等连词的复合句中，先发生的动作通常用过去完成时。分类练习：I. 用动词的一般现在时或现在进行时填空1. A. What_you_(think) of the idea?B. What_you_(think) about?2. A. He_(not look) his age. . He _(look) for his glasses. 3. A. I_(have) a hard time trying to get this finished.B. I_(have) a bad cold. 4. A: Lets go out. It _(not rain) now. B: It _(not rain) very much in summer. 5.A. I _(live) some friends until I find a flat.B: My parents _(live) in London. They have lived there all their lives. II. 用动词的一般过去时或过去进行时填空1. While we _(wait) for the bus, a girl _(run) up to us.2. I _(telephone) a friend when Bob _(come) in.3. Jim _(jump) on the bus as it _(move) away.4. We _(test) the new machine when the electricity _(go) off.5. She _(not want) to stay in bed when the others _(all work) in the fields.6. While mother _(put) Kitty to bed, the door-bell _(ring).7. It was quite late at night. George _(read) and Amy _(rest) when they _(hear) a knock at the door.III.用动词的现在完成时或一般过去时填空1.- _you _(book) your hotel room yet? -Well, I _(write) to the hotel last week but they _(not answer) yet. 2.-You _just _(agree) to go, so why arent you getting ready?-But I _(not realize) that you _(want) me to start at once.4. -I cant find my gloves. _you _(see) them?-Yes, you _(leave) them in the car yesterday. I _(put) them back in your drawer.5. -I hear that Mr Jones _(leave).-Yes, he _(leave) last week. -_anyone _(take) his place?-I believe that several men _(apply) for the job but so far nothing _(decide). IV. 用动词的一般过去时和过去完成时填空1. The heavy rain _(stop), but there was still a slight drizzle in the air.2. I_(cannot go) out that night, for I _(agree) to take care of my younger sister at home.3. I _(not know) you _(be) so busy in the past few weeks.4. The snow storm _(drop 减弱) as suddenly as it _(start). The wind_(die) down and the sun _(come) out. 5. Nobody agreed with him. That_(be) something he _(not predict) .V. 用动词的现在完成时和现在完成进行时填空1. The children _(watch) TV since noon. Will you stop them?2. They _(build) the road since 1978 and still _(not complete) it yet.3. Joe _(read) the book for only an hour, but _(cover) over thirty pages.4. We _(hope) to visit this place for many years, but still _(not get) a chance to.5. We _(look) for it for a whole day and still _(not find) it. VI.用动词的一般过去时和过去将来时填空1. Whenever he _(have) time, he _(help) them with their work. 2. I _(think) things over in my mind: What _(be) their reaction? _they _(support) the idea?3. He _(tell) me to come and wait under the tree the next morning. A young man _(meet) me there and _(take)me to see the boss.4. The teacher asked Tom what he _( be going to, be) when he _(grow) up. 5. Late at night on November 28 Dr Bethune _(get) news that a battle _(begin) soon. 综合练习：I. 请选择正确答案1. Is Runyang Bridge open to the public yet? Yes. It _ for almost one and a half months. A. has opened B. has been opened C. has been open D. was open 2. When did you borrow the English storybook? I borrowed it last week. I_it for a week A. have bought B. have kept C. have borrowed D. had 3. When Li Ming hurried home, he found that his mother _already_to hospital. A has; been sent B had; sent C. has; sent D had; been sent4. When_he_back? Sorry, I dont know.A. does,come B.are coming C.is come D.is coming5. Was it raining hard when you _ this morning?A. left B. leaves C. was leaving D. would leave6. What _ from three to four yesterday afternoon?A have you done B had you done C did you do D were you doing7. Im looking for Mr White. He was here just now. But he_to a meeting and he wont be back until eleven oclock. A. was B. will be C. has gone D. has been8. Since 2000, Nanchang has become a new city. Everything_ . A. is changed B. was changed C. has changed D. had changed9. How can you possibly miss the news? It _ on TV all day long.A.has been B. had been C. was D. will be10. She asked him whether he _ back for lunch.A .came B. was coming C.come D. had come11. _ my dictionary? I cant find it anywhere. I_it on the shelf when I came in. A. Did you see, have seen B. Have you seen, saw C. Did you see, saw D. Have you seen, have seen12. By the end of 1976, many buildings _built in the city. A. have been B. have C. had been D. will be 13. The meeting _when Mr. Wang _to school. A. has begun; get B. had begun; got C. has been on; get D. had been on; got14. Nobody noticed what she _ at the moment.A. will do B. was doing C. has done D. had done15. Dont talk here. My mother _.A. is sleeping B.are sleeping C. sleeping D .sleep16. My mother _ while my father _TV.A. cooked; was watching B. was cooking; was watching C. had cooked; watched D. cooked; watched17. I heard your father_to Japan once. Yes, he_there last year. A. went, has been B. had been, went C. goes，went D. had been，has been18. Look! He _their mother do the housework.A. is helping B. are help C. has helped D.was helping19. Wow, what a cool bike! How long have you_it? Two weeks. A. bought B. got C. had D. chosen 20. Han Mei told me she _lunch, so she was very hungry. A. has had B. hasnt had C. have had D. hadnt had21. When I got home, my son _ the music.A. am listening to B. listened to C. was listening to D. has been listening to22. The pizza _ by my mother. Would you like to have some?A. makes B. was making C. made D. was made23. - _ the letter_ to Bruce? -No, its still on the desk. A. Has; given B. Will; be given C. Was; given D. Has; been given24. Has the match started? Started? Finished! Guo Yue_ . A. is winning B. wins C. will win D. has won25. I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer. - Oh., Im sorry I _ dinner at my friends home. A .have B. had C. was having D. have had26. -How did the accident happen? - You know, it _ difficult to see the road clearly because it _.A. was, was raining B. is, has rained C. is, is raining D. will be, will rain27. His brother _ from home for a long time.A. has left B. has been away C. left D. will leave28. The pop singers _ when I got to the music hall last night. What a pity!A. have left B. were left C. had left D. left29. Mr. Li _ England. He _London for two weeks.A. has been to, has been to B. has gone to, has been in C. has been to, has been in D. has gone to, has been to30. -Nice to see you. I _ you for a long time. - I _ in Beijing. Ive just come back.A. hadnt seen, am B. havent seen, was C. didnt see, will be D. havent seen, shall beII. 用所给动词的正确形式填空1. Where _ you _ (be) these days?2. Great changes _(take) place in my hometown in the past ten years. Many new factories_ already _(put) up and a new theatre_(build ) soon.3. “_ you_(buy) the dictionary?” “No, I havent. When I _ (get) to the bookstore yesterday, all the dictionaries_ already _(sell) out.”4. “Where _(be) you this time yesterday?” “I_(be) at home. I _(go) over my lessons then.”5. When I _ (enter) the room, he _(not notice) me, for he _(work) at a maths problem.6. Mr. Brown _( make) a lot of friends since he_(come) to work in Wuhan two years ago.7. By the end of last year they _ (learn) more than 1 000 new words.8.Mr. Green _(visit) all places of great interest in China since he came to China.9. Tom said he_(study) Chinese since three years ago.10. Could you tell me if you _(read) the story book?11. He said the lights in the room _(go) out when he opened the door.12.They _(talk) and _(laugh) when the teacher came in.13. Just now I _(see) her talking with our teacher.14. I wont go to the Great Wall because I _ (be) there twice.15.A:_ the children _(return) yet? B: Yes. They _(have) supper now.16. When my son _ (come) home from school this afternoon, he _ (go) straight for the TV as usual. He _ (turn) it on and _ (watch) it until dinner. He _ (love) the talk shows. He always _ (tell) me that they _ (be) full of important and interesting information. I _ (not; know) what to do. He _ (get) good grades and _ (have) a lot of friends. Maybe he _ (need) a more challenging school.17. A: She _ (do) it again!B: What _ (you; talk) about?A: Little Sarah from next door _ (look) in the Smiths windows again! What does she think she _ (do)?B: Probably she _ (just; play) with some other kids.A: I _ (not; think) so. I _ (call) Colleen Smith and _ (tell) her about Sarah.18.As Jim and Jennifer Stolpa _ (drive) through the Nevada desert in t he winter of 1993, their truck _ (get) trapped in the snow during a terrible snowstorm. When no help _ (come) after three days, they _ (decide) to start _ (walk) and find help. When Jennifer _ (not; can) walk any longer, she and their little baby _ (stay) in a cave to keep warm. Jim _ (think) a lot about his family while he _ (walk) through the snow in search of help.19.On July 19, 1989, two pilots _ (fly) a plane from Denver to Chicago when an engine _ (catch) fire. When the engine _ (explode), Helen Young _ (sleep), and others _ (eat) lunch. Babies _ (sit) in parents laps. Lindsi Werner _ (enjoy) the flight with her grandmother when the pilot _ (announce) the emergency landing (紧急降落). 20. A: Chi Lin _ (go) for another interview tomorrow. He _ (have) two interviews this week.B: _ (Yen Ping; go) on any interview yet?A: She _ (talk) to some companies, but no one _ (call) her in for an interview.B: What _ (you; do) about a job?A: I _ (fill) out about five or six applications (申请表), but I _ (not; hand) them in yet. I _ (think) about moving to Chicago.B: You should talk to Lun. He _ (decide) to move to Chicago, and Im sure he can tell you a lot about the city.21. This book _ (write) by Mark Twain. It _ (tell) us some funny stories about a little boy _ (name) Tom Sawyer. I finished _ (read) this book 2 weeks ago. I liked it a lot. At first, I thought it _ (be) a childrens book. But, the other day, my father began to read it and he _ (not stop) until he finished the last page. He _ (seem) to enjoy it a lot. “How I wish I _ (can, be) young again!” said my father with a big smile on his face as he _(close) the book. 22 I like rainy days. I like _ (stay) at home _ _ (listen) to the raindrops all day long. No musician is greater than our mother nature. _ _ (walk) or _ _ (dance) in the rain can give me great pleasure, too. I enjoy doing all of these, but the trouble is: Everyone in my class _ (laugh) at me and _ (think) I am a hopeless romantic. 23. Its so quiet here. Mr. And Mrs. Smith _ (go) away on vacation eight days ago. And they _ (come) back in 6 days. But they _ (forget) to stop the newspaper and milk. The newspaper _ (come) every day as usual and the mailbox is full very soon. This morning, The newspaper boy _ (can not) put the newspaper in the mailbox any more. So he _ (put) it in front of the house. Unluckily, it _(become) windy shortly after and a heavy rain _ (follow). Poor Mr and Mrs. Smith, they _ (have) to clean up the messy yard when they are back. However, the milk _( not, be) a problem. Their neighbors cat _ (take) care of it every day. 24. Albert Einstein, one of the most famous scientists of the US, _ (bear) in Germany in 1879. When he _ (be) a child, his teachers _ (not think) he _ (be) a smart student. By the time he _ (be) eight, they _ (decide) that he _ (can) not learn as fast as his classmates. At that time Einstein _ (not seem) interested in class, and he _ (dislike) studying subjects like Latin and Greek. He _ (be) very interested in math, but he _ (prefer) to solve math problems in his own way. His teacher _ (not feel) he _ (have) a bright future. 参考答案，欢迎质疑！ 分类练习：I. 用动词的一般现在时或现在进行时填空1. A. do think B. are thinking 2. A. doesnt look B. is looking 2. A. am having B. have 4. A. isnt raining B. doesnt rain 5. A. am living B. live II. 一般过去时或过去进行时1. were waiting, ran 2. was telephoning, came 3. jumped, was moving 4. were testing, went 5. didnt want, were all working 6. was putting, rang 7. was reading, was resting, heard III. 用动词的现在完成时或一般过去时填空1. Have, booked; wrote, havent answered 2. have agreed, didnt realize, wanted 3. Have seen, left, have put 5. has left, left, Has taken, have applied, has been decided IV. 用动词的一般过去时和过去完成时填空1. had stopped 2. couldnt go, had agreed 3. didnt know, had been 4. dropped, had started, had died, had come 5. was, hadnt predicted V. 用动词的现在完成时和现在完成进行时填空1. have been watching 2. have been building, havent