Argument-writing(论说文).doc

Argument writing(论说文)正确的准备argument的方法是：先模仿书中的模板，然后进行改写，这样才能有所创新，避免雷同。写作步骤1. 读题，分析其含义。（2 mins）不能动笔的时候1）对原题加以限制2）对长论题一分为二或为三，分成几个分支观点分别论述。2. brainstorm, 考虑正面的和反面的观点和论据（1min）3. 在以上的基础上，决定一个立场，组织你的观点，也就是对你想到的那些论证和论据做一个符合逻辑的排列，最起码要能够说服自己4. 写开头段（4分钟）1)导入主题2）指出原题的复杂性。3）主流的观点。注意：开头段不要照抄原题，注意开头段展开论述或加入论据的篇幅。5. 写正文主体段落（18分钟）1）首先要大致理一下逻辑段落，特别是段落里的逻辑关系。2）然后写好每段的开头句，要让开头句直接体现本段的中心意思。段与段之间注意逻辑连接词的使用。3）然后，在每段开头句的基础上进行详细论述。结合丰富的论据，丰富的论证手法。6. 写结尾段（4mins）结尾段必须要有，否则大大影响成绩。结尾段实际就是把自己的观点重申一下。7.检查主要的拼写和语法错误。（2mins）Writing structure所谓文章结构并不是死模板，而是如何破题、如何写作的一种思维方式。仔细研读范文以及评语，好好琢磨句法、用词、论证方法等。高分作文=一些共性+个人创新A、如何写好开头？开头段必须有明确的论点引述。1. 复述原题不是照抄，要完美改写，一般有主动被动改写、名词替换、词组代替动词等方式，实在没有的变化就变and前后两个词的顺序。E.g. It is impossible for an effective political leader to tell the truth all the time.Being an effective leader should modestly withhold some information for public.2. 响应题目时，观点一定要鲜明，要么同意，要么不同意，要么同意两个。开头一定要简洁，不要太啰嗦，一味从这个地方增加数字不是很明智，因为这相对减少了你写文章主体部分的时间。事实上，应该更多强调主体部分的重要性。具体常见的几种开头写法如下：A. 背景开头+立场With the advent of information era, human beings are gradually submerged into the information ocean that a large amount of information is unceasingly puring into our minds at an unprecedented speed.A Technology has been one of the tools that humans have used for the evolution of society. The use of the particular new technology may have unanticipated, possibly negative, results owing to insufficient kowledge and consideration of existing circumstances.2. 引用As one of the famous philosophers writes: “The dream leads our sights towards the future, and the practice makes our sense recognize how far away we still have to strive for.”3. 提问+立场把论题换成问句，然后给出自己的立场，可以肯定也可否定，例如：Is the surest indicator of a great nation not the achievements of its elites, say the political leaders, artists, or scientists, etc, but the general welfare of its people, as the speaker asserts? As far as I am concerned, the two facets are not mutually exclusive; what the achievements of the elite means is just the welfare of the people.4. 比较双方观点The issue of whethershould be done is a complex one, since it involves a conflict between论说文的常用开头法有谚语法、定义法、引用法、提问法、直接法、间接法、故事法、概括法及综合法在阅读范文前可根据所给作文题目及要求按自己的思路试写一下，然后与范文对照找出差距，并有意识地背诵一些涉及科技、社会、文化等各个侧面的代表性文章，储存多种信息，以防写作时无话可说。平时在阅读英语文章、报纸以及做模拟题时，要注意积累常用词汇、表达法及句型，分析文章的构思、组织方法，以便在写作考试时能做到有条不紊，顺理成章。2009年12月份的六级作文题目：Should parents send their kids to art classes?（开头）It has become a prevailing trend for parents to send their children to art classes of all kinds. To this phenomenon, some people hold the positive view. They claim that attending art classes can help nurture childrens interest and tap their potentials in such art as painting, music and dancing. This,they believe, will contribute to childrens all-around development. 63 words类似题目：Should parents send their kids to overseas s