《分子生物学》试卷一.doc

南华大学生命科学与技术学院分子生物学试卷一Final exam of Molecular Biology Course 年级_ 专业_ 学号_ 姓名_成绩_PART I: DESCRIPTION (2 points each)Your answer should describe what each item is and how it functions in the cell. Diagrams, structure and sequence information should be included in your answer, as necessary.1. Yeast artificial chromosome酵母人工染色体RNA interferenceRNA干扰2. Proteomics 蛋白质组学3. Shine-Dalgarno sequence 服务，达尔加诺序列4. Alternative splicing剪接5. Ribozyme核酶6. r-dependent termination依赖终止 7. RNA editingRNA编辑 8. DNA lesionsDNA损伤9. Protein targeting蛋白定位PART II: MULTIPLE CHOICES (1 points each)Select the one best answer for each question.1. The catalytic activity for peptide bond formation (the peptidyl transferase activity) is located in the:1) RNA of the large ribosomal subunit.2) leader sequence of the messenger RNA.3) RNA of the small ribosomal subunit.4) proteins of the small ribosomal subunit.5) proteins of the large ribosomal subunit.2. Bidirectional and semi-conservative are two terms that refer to:1) transcription.2) translation.3) replication.4) all of the above.5) none of the above.3. The fact that most amino acids are specified by multiple codons is known as:1) the “wobble” phenomenon.2) the universality of the genetic code.3) codon bias.4) the anticodon hypothesis.5) the redundancy of the genetic code.4. RNA polymerase I is the eukaryotic enzyme responsible for:1) transcription of ribosomal RNA.2) transcription of transfer RNA and other small RNA species.3) transcription of messenger RNA.4) initiation of Okazaki fragment synthesis in DNA replication.5. Restriction enzymes can cleave DNA that is either single-stranded or double-stranded, as long as it contains the appropriate recognition site.1) True 2) False6. Information about the sequence of the coding region of a gene is best obtained from:1) a YAC clone.2) a genomic clone.3) a cDNA clone.4) the protein.7. A chromatography method that can be used specifically to purify proteins based on their charge is:1) gel filtration chromatography.2) ion-exchange chromatography.3) DNA affinity chromatography.4) antibody affinity chromatography.8. A nonsense mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that results in:1) a small deletion or insertion.2) an amino acid change in the protein encoded by the gene.3) a premature stop codon.4) all of the above.5) none of the above.9. A protein complex involved in degradation of proteins within the cell is known as the:1) ubiquitin/proteasome system.2) molecular chaperone.3) chaperonin.4) ribosome.5) Krebs/TCA cycle.10. _binds to the repressor and turn on the transcription of the structural genes in the Lac operon.1) cAMP2) lactose3) allolactose4) CRP11. Which of the following RNA species is involved in degradation of the mRNA containing complementary sequence1) miRNA2) siRNA3) tRNA4) 5S RNA 5) U3 snRNA12. The genome sequencing projects are confirming the theory that genome size is directly proportional to the number of genes contained within that genome. In other words, a genome that is 10 times as big will contains approximately 10 times as many protein coding genes.1) True 2) False13. HeLa cells, derived from a human cervical carcinoma, are able to propagate indefinitely in culture and are therefore known as a(n):1) tissue culture.2) tumor.3) transgenic cell line.4) immortalized cell line.14. E. coli cells are smaller than yeast cells.1) True 2) False15. Which of the following domains is not a DNA binding domain 1) Proline-rich domains2) Helix-turn helix domains3) Zinc finger domains4) Basic domains16. The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases distinguish between about 40 different shaped tRNA molecules in the cells. 1) True 2) FalsePART III: SHORT QUESTIONS (8 points each)1. How do bacterial replication start and accomplished. Remember to include the proteins/enzymes and important DNA sequence involved in this process.2. Design experiments to clone a yeast gene and express this gene in yeast.3. Below is the multiple cloning site (MCS) of the plasmid vector pUC18 and the N-terminal and C-terminal sequence of protein X. Note that the MCS constitutes a part of the LacZ open reading frame. Suppose that you are going to clone the protein X gene into pUC18, so that your target gene is transcribed under the control of LacZ promoter, and translated with the LacZ gene to produce a fusion protein. You are requested to use BamHI and PstI to the clone X gene, please add these restriction sites on the corresponding position of the X gene. Remember to maintain the reading frame of the X gene with the LacZ gene4.(1) MCS of pUC18EcoRI SacI KpnI SmaI BamHI XbaI SalI PstIACG AAT TCG AGC TCG GTA CCC GGG GAT CCT CTA GAG TCG ACC TGC AGG CAT GCAThr Asn Ser Ser Ser Val Pro Gly Asp Pro Leu Glu Ser Thr Cys Arg His Ala Lac Z(2) N-terminal sequence of X gene. ATG ACC CCU CAU AAC GGC GAC Met Thr Pro His Asn Gly Asp(3) C-terminal sequence of X gene. GAU AGU ACA GCU GCC AAG TAA Asp Ser Thr Ala Ala LysPART IV: MAJOR QUESTIONS (20 points each)1: Please describe how an mRNA gene is transcribed, processed and translated in human cells. What are the possible mechanisms in regulating the expression of this gene? 2 (20 points): A bacterium is found to metabolize a rare sugar produced by a plant that the bacteria grow on. However, the bacteria prefer glucose as the energy source. The problem is, if you want to finish this course with a satisfied score, you must figure out the regulatory mechanism that the bacteria used to determine the sugar choice. The gene involving in the rare sugar metabolism has been identified as fun3. You can use northern blot to analyze the expression of fun3 and use DNA footprinting to analyze the binding of proteins to the control elements of fun3 gene. The following table shows the experimental results Glucose presenceRare sugar presenceLevels of fun3 RNABinding of proteins -Protein A binds to the promoter regionProtein C binds upstream of the promoter+-Protein A binds to the promoter region-+Protein B binds to the promoter regionProtein C binds upstream of the promoter +Protein B binds to the promoter regionQuestions:1. Please propose a mechanism to explain the above results. You should focus on the question “How does the express