冠词用法讲解及习题.doc

冠词用法讲解二、冠词用法讲解冠词作为一种虚词，在英语中只能和名词一起使用。英语中的冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。1.不定冠词的用法不定冠词有两个，a 和 an。a用在辅音开头的单词前面；an用于以元音开头的单词前。如：a book, an apple。1）不定冠词用在但数可数名词前表示“某一个”。如：There is a policeman at the door. 门口有个警察。2) 不定冠词用在单数可数名词之前，表示“任何，每个”。如：Acar must be insured. 汽车一定要上保险。Asoldier must obey orders. 军人必须服从命令。3) 不定冠词用于头一次出现的单数名词之前。如： There isabox in the room. The box is heavy. 房间里有个箱子。这个箱子很重。4) 不定冠词和名词连用作表语或同位语，主要说明某个人或东西所属类别。如： She isateacher. 她是个老师。 We all thought him a suitable person for the job. 我们都认为他是适合做这个项目的人。5）定冠词用在价格、速度、比率等短语中。如： six kilometersanhour 每小时60公里 3 timesaday 每天三次 6) 不定冠词用在专有名词前。如： He wants to buyaKodak.他想买架柯达相机。7）不定冠词用于某些固定短语中。如： haveatry试一下 takeabreak 休息一下 haveagood time 玩得痛快 makealiving 谋生 asamatter of fact 事实上 inaword 总而言之2. 定冠词的用法1）定冠词和名词连用，表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。如：Mother carvedthemeat into slices. 妈妈把肉切成了片。2）定冠词用于可数名词前，表示一类人或东西。如：Thehorse is a useful animal. 马是一种有用的动物。3）定冠词用于第二次出现的名词之前。如：I got a letter yesterday.Theletter was sent by e-mail.我昨天接到了一封信。那信是电子邮件。4）定冠词用于有词组或者定语从句修饰的名词前。如：He is investigatingthecause of the fire.他正在调查这场大火的原因。5）定冠词用于某些名词或者形容词前，表示一类人，一个民族，阶级或阶层。如：thechinese 中国人therich 富人 thedead 死者thedeaf 聋人6）定冠词用于指说话双方都知道的人或事。如：Please closethedoor.请把门关上。7）定冠词用于世界上独一无二的事物前。如：thesun 太阳theearth 地球theworld世界8）定冠词用于序数词前表示顺序。如：thethird group 第三组9）定冠词用于形容词和副词的最高级前面。如：This isthemost intersting book I have ever read. 这是我所读过的书中最有趣的一本。10）定冠词在play后和乐器连用playthepiano弹钢琴 playtheflute吹长笛11）定冠词与姓氏的复数形式连用，表示一家人。如：TheBlacks came to China in 1994. 布莱克一家是1994年来中国的。12）定冠词的其他用法the Changjiang River长江 the Red Sea 红海 （用于表示江河海洋的名词前）the Taiwan Straits台湾海峡 the Gulf of Mexico墨西哥湾 （用于表示海峡海湾的名词前）the Alps阿尔卑斯山 the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠 （用于山脉沙漠的名词前）the Peoples Republic of China 中华人民共和国（用于国家名称）the National Gallery国家美术馆 the Military Museum 军事博物馆(用于公共建筑名前)the State Council国务院 the Senate参议院 the House of Representatives 众议院 （用于机关、团体名词前） the Geneva Agreement日内瓦协议 the Washington Post 华盛顿邮报 (用于报刊、条约之前)3.不用冠词的情况1）表示独一无二的职务、身份前一般不用冠词。如：Elizabeth II, Queen of England 英国女王伊丽莎白二世He was elected chairmen of the committee.他当选为协会主席。2）表示球类、棋类的运动项目不加冠词。如：play football 踢足球 play chess下象棋3）在一日三餐名词前不用冠词。如：have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭4）交通工具名词前不用冠词by car坐汽车 by ship 坐船by plane坐飞机 on foot 步行5）在一些地点的名词，如：bed, church, school, hospital,home, work等。当人们去这些地方做在这些地方应该做的事时，不加冠词。go home回家 go to school去上学 go to church去教堂祈祷in hospital住院 go to work上班注：如果在上述词组前面加上定冠词the,可以表示去这些场所做其他的事情。如：He came totheschool to speak to the headmaster.他来学校和校长谈话。He went tothechurch to see the carvings.他去教堂看雕刻。His mother isin hospitaland he has beenin the hospitalto take care of her.他妈妈生病住院了，他就一直在医院里面照顾她。4.泛指概念的四种表达方式1）不带the 的不可数名词可以表示泛指I likemusic.我喜欢音乐。2）不带the 的复数可数名词表示泛指。Bananasare yellow.香蕉是黄色的。3）“the+单数可数名词”可以表示泛指The elephantis the largest land mammal.大象是陆地上最大的哺乳动物。4）“不定冠词a/an+单数可数名词” 可以表示泛指。A dogmakes good pet.狗是很好的宠物。高中英语语法强化训练(冠词)( ) 1._recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the U.S .would be higher than the number of English speaker by_ year 2090.A. A, the B. A, / C. The ,/ D. The, a( ) 2.If you go by _train ,you can have quite a comfortable journey ,but make sure you get _fast one. A. /, / B./, a C. the, a D./,/ ( ) 3. It is often said that _teachers have _very easy life. A /,/ B. /,a C. the,/ D. the, a( ) 4.I cant remember when exactly the Robinsons left _city ,I only remember it was _ Monday.。A. the , the B. a ,the C. a, a D. the, a( ) 5.If you grow up in _large family ,youare more likely to develop _ability to get on well with _others .A. /,an the B. a, the ,/ C. the ,an ,the D. a, the ,the ( ) 6.Mrs, Taylor has _8-year-old daughter who has _gift for painting she has won two national prizes.A. a, a B. an ,the C. an ,a D. the( ) 7.Afetr dinner he gave Mr. Richardson _ride to _Capital Airport. A .the, a B. a the C. /, a D. /, the ( )8.On May 5,2005,at _World Table Tennis Championship ,Kong Ling hui and WangHao won the gold medal in mens with _score of 4:1. A. a ,a B. / the C. a ,/ D. the ,a ( )9.I knew _John Lennon ,but not _famous one. A. /,a B. a ,the C. /,the D. the, a ( )10.The book tells _life story of John Smith ,who left _school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16. A. the, the B. a , the C. the./ D. a,/ ( )11.When you come here for your holiday next time, dont go to _hotel ; I can find you _bed in my flat.A. the ,a B. the,/ C. a ,the D. a,/( )12.If you buy more than ten, they will knock20pence off_. A. a price B. price C. the price D. prices ( )13._on-going division between English speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _major concern of the country.A. The ,/ B. The ,a C. An ,the D. An,/( )14.When he left _college ,he got a job as _reporter in a newspaper office . A. /, a B/, the C .a the D .the, the( )15The most important thing about cotton in history is _part that it played in _Industrial Revolution. A. /,/ B. the,/ C. the , the D. a ,the( )16.While he was investigating ways t improve the telescope Newton made _discovery which completely changed _ mans understanding of color.A. a ,/ B. a ,the C. /, the D. the ,a( )17.It is _world of wonders, _world where anything can happen. A. a. the B. a, a C. the, a D. /,/( )19.Tom owns _larger collection of _books than any other student in our class.A. the ,/ B. a,/ C. a ,the D. /, the( )20.For a long time they walked without saying _word .Jim was the first t break _silence. A. the, a B. a ,the C. a ,/ D. the,/( )21.There was _time _I hated t go to school.A. a ,that B. a ,when C. the ,that D. the ,when ( )22. After reading the book, you will have _better understanding of_life., A. a, the B. the .a C. /,the D.a,/( )23.I earn 10dollars _hours as _supermarket cashier on Saturday.A. a, an B. the ,a C. an ,a D . an ,the( )24The sign reads “in ease of_fire ,break the glass and push _red button”A. /,a B. /,the C. the ,the D. a ,a ( )25.I dont like talking on _telephone ; I prefer writing _letter.A. a, the B. the./ C. the ,the D. A ,/( )26.Jumping out of _airplane at ten thousand feet is quite_exciting experience. A. /, the B. /, an C. an. an D. the, the ( )27.One way to understand thousands of new words in gain _good knowledge of basic word formation.A. / B the C. a D. one( )28.The cakes are delicious . Hed like have _third one because _second one is rather too small.A. a, a B. the .the C. a ,the D. the ,a ( )29.A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in _leg. A. a B .one C. the D. his( )30.The warmth of _sweater will be determined by the sort of _wool used.A. the, the B. the ,/ C. /, the D. /,/参考答案1A report 可数名词， a recent report 一份近来的报告 ，是泛指；第二个空填the 表特指示2090年。2B. by train 乘火车，by 在接交通工具类的同时，一般不接冠词，如by bike , by ship ; 根据句意第二个空应该是泛指。3B teachers 此处用名词复数表泛指，指一切老师；have a life 相当于live /lead alife 过一种、样的生活4D. leave the city 离开这座城市。a Monday 一个星期一，表泛指。5.B. a large family 一个大家庭； the ability此处表泛指“与别人相处好的能力”； others其他人表泛指。6C. have a gift for 有做、的天赋，相当于have a talent for.7.B. give sb. a ride 让某人搭车，此处ride 是可数名词，表示“搭车”。 8.D. the World Table Tennis Championship是专有名词，由普通名词构成的专有名词，一般前面要加the；with a score of 比分是9.B. a John Lennon 一个叫做John Lennon的人，表泛指。10. C leave school 毕业11A. go to the hotel 去旅店 ；a bed 此处表泛指，“一个地方”12C. the price 此处表特指，“原价”。13B.此句的意思是：在讲英语的加拿大人和讲法语的加拿大人之间的那种逐渐增长的分歧是这个国家一个主要担心的问题。第一个空用the 表特指；第二个空用a表泛指，泛指主要是担心问题中的一个。14.A. leave college 大学毕业15.C.the part 特指在工业革命避所起的作用；the Industrial Revolution工业革命16.A,make a discovery 有了一个发现；mans understanding of color人类对于颜色的理解，在物主代词，名词所有格前，一般不用加冠词，man 用单数形式，前面不加冠词，可以表示“人类”。B. a world of wonders 一个充满奇迹的世界；第二个空a world 是前面的同位语，因此还