初一英语句子成分.doc

英语句子成分（二）五、宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。1 We will make them happy.（形容词）2 His father help him to do his homework. （带to不定式）请同学们写出两个宾补的英语句子六、定语：修饰名词或代词的词、词组或句子。1. He is a Chinese teacher. （名词） 2. He is our friend. （代词）3. I have three books. （数词） 4. He is a good student. （形容词）5.The boy in red is my brother. (介词短语)请同学们写出两个定语的英语句子七、状语：用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或 句子。 表示行为发生的时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式等。 1.I go to school at seven oclock. 2.He reads the book in the room. 3.I dont like thrillers because they are scary. 请同学们写出两个状语的英语句子冠词冠词 ：冠词作为一种虚词，在英语中只能和名词一起使用，置于名词之前。冠词分为不定冠词a，an、定冠词the和零冠词三种。零冠词指的是不用冠词的情况。 不定冠词表示“一”，定冠词表示“这个，那个，这些，哪些”。 不定冠词的用法不定冠词有a和an两种形式。a用在以辅音开头的词前，an用在以元音开头的词前。判断一个词是以元音开头还是以辅音开头，是根据读音而不是根据字母。例如：an apple an orange你还能写出一些前面用an的词吗？ 1) 不定冠词用在但数可数名词前表示“某一个”。如：There is a policeman at the door.门口有个警察。2) 不定冠词用在单数可数名词之前，表示“任何，每个”。如：A car must be insured.汽车一定要上保险。A soldier must obey orders.军人必须服从命令。3) 不定冠词用于头一次出现的单数名词之前。如：There is a box in the room. The box is heavy.房间里有个箱子。这个箱子很重。4) 不定冠词和名词连用作表语或同位语，主要说明某个人或东西所属类别。如：She is a teacher. 她是个老师。We all thought him a suitable person for the job.我们都认为他是适合做这个项目的人。5) 不定冠词用在价格、速度、比率等短语中。如：six kilometers an hour 每小时60公里3 times a day 每天三次6) 不定冠词用在专有名词前。如：He wants to buy a Kodak.他想买架柯达相机。7)不定冠词用于某些固定短语中。如：have a try试一下 take a break 休息一下 have a good time 玩得痛快make a living 谋生 as a matter of fact 事实上 in a word 总而言之8)用在某些表示数量的词组中： a lot of 许多 a pair of 一双 你还能写出一些类似的例子么？_ 定冠词的用法1) 定冠词和名词连用，表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。如：Mother carved the meat into slices.妈妈把肉切成了片。2) 定冠词用于可数名词前，表示一类人或东西。如：The horse is a useful animal. 马是一种有用的动物。3) 定冠词用于第二次出现的名词之前。如：I got a letter yesterday. The letter was sent by e-mail.我昨天接到了一封信。那信是电子邮件。4) 定冠词用于有词组或者定语从句修饰的名词前。如：He is investigating the cause of the fire.他正在调查这场大火的原因。5) 定冠词用于某些名词或者形容词前，表示一类人，一个民族，阶级或阶层。如：the chinese 中国人 the rich 富人the dead 死者 the deaf 聋人6) 定冠词用于指说话双方都知道的人或事。如：Please close the door.请把门关上。7) 定冠词用于世界上独一无二的事物前。如：the sun 太阳 the earth 地球 the world世界8) 定冠词用于序数词前表示顺序。如：the third group 第三组9) 定冠词用于形容词和副词的最高级前面。如：This is the most intersting book I have ever read. 这是我所读过的书中最有趣的一本。10)定冠词在play后和乐器连用play the piano弹钢琴 play the flute吹长笛11)定冠词与姓氏的复数形式连用，表示一家人。如：The Blacks came to China in 1994.布莱克一家是1994年来中国的。12)定冠词的其他用法the Changjiang River长江 the Red Sea 红海 (用于表示江河海洋的名词前)the Taiwan Straits台湾海峡 the Gulf of Mexico墨西哥湾 (用于表示海峡海湾的名词前)the Alps阿尔卑斯山 the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠 (用于山脉沙漠的名词前)the Peoples Republic of China 中华人民共和国(用于国家名称)the National Gallery国家美术馆 the Military Museum 军事博物馆(用于公共建筑名前)the State Council国务院 the Senate参议院 the House of Representatives 众议院 (用于机关、团体名词前)the Geneva Agreement日内瓦协议 the Washington Post 华盛顿邮报 (用于报刊、条约之前)练习1.There is a desk by the window. On_desk there is_exercise book.A.a; the B.the; the C.an; a D.the; an2.There is_hin the word honest.A.a B.the C.an D.不填3.They went to_Summer Palace yesterday and stayed there for_day.A.the; a B.the; the C.不填; a D.the; 不填4.Its_pity you wont be back before I leave.A.the B.a C.an D.不填5.Lincoln was elected_ President of _United States in 1860.A.the; the B.不填; theC.a; 不填D.不填; 不填6.She is going to play_piano at the concert this evening.A.a B.an C.the D.不填7.Most boys like playing_football.A.a B.an C.the D.不填8.Lets go and watch the children play_chess.A.a B.an C.the D.不填9._elephant is bigger than_ horse A.不填; 不填 B.an; aC.An; aD.The; a10.Is Tom going to have_X-ray check? A.a B.an C.the D.不填不用冠词的情况（零冠词的使用）1) 表示独一无二的职务、身份前一般不用冠词。如：Elizabeth II, Queen of England 英国女王伊丽莎白二世He was elected chairmen of the committee.他当选为协会主席。2) 表示球类、棋类的运动项目不加冠词。如：play football 踢足球 play chess下象棋3) 在一日三餐名词前不用冠词。如：have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭4) 交通工具名词前不用冠词by car坐汽车 by ship 坐船by plane坐飞机 on foot 步行5) 在一些地点的名词，如：bed, church, school, hospital,home, work等。当人们去这些地方做在这些地方应该做的事时，不加冠词。go home回家 go to school去上学 go to church去教堂祈祷in hospital住院 go to work上班注：如果在上述词组前面加上定冠词the,可以表示去这些场所做其他的事情。如：He came to the school to speak to the headmaster.他来学校和校长谈话。He went to the church to see the carvings.他去教堂看雕刻。His mother is in hospital and he has been in the hospital to take care of her.他妈妈生病住院了，他就一直在医院里面照顾她。泛指概念的四种表达方式1) 不带the 的不可数名词可以表示泛指I like music.我喜欢音乐。2) 不带the 的复数可数名词表示泛指。Bananas are yellow.香蕉是黄色的。3) “the+单数可数名词”可以表示泛指The elephant is the largest land mammal.大象是陆地上最大的哺乳动物。4) “不定冠词a/an+单数可数名词” 可以表示泛指。A dog makes good pet.狗是很好的宠物。 练习1.They have_rice for_lunch every day. A.不填; 不填B.the; theC.the; aD.不填; the2.We did_experiment last week. It was _useful one. A.the; the B.an; aC.an; theD.the; an3.Beijing is one of_most beautiful cities in _world. A.a; theB.the; 不填C.the; theD.不填; the4.February is_second month of the year A.a B.an C.不填 D.the5.-How did you go there? -We went there by_bus. A.a B.an C.the D.不填6._Wangs will come to see you tomorrow A.A B.An C.The D.不填7.The students of Class One often read English early in_ morning. A.不填 B.the C.an D.a8.On the moon its too hot in_day and too cold at_night. A.the; 不填 B.the; theC.a; theD.a; 不填9.A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometres_second. A.a B.an C.the D.不填10.The picture on_left is more beautiful than the one on _right. A.不填; 不填 B.the; theC.a; a D.an; an冠词的记忆口诀1.巧记a和an：单词：不见原因(元音)，别施“恩 (n)”。 字母表：Mr Li has one fox.( a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x前用an)。2.使用定冠词口诀沙漠、河流与群山，列岛、海峡与海湾，阶级、党派、国家名，组织团体和机关，方位、朝代、独一词，会议、代件及报刊，木器、建筑、海洋群，定冠词来不能删。3.冠词省略口诀泛指复数日三餐;球类运动季节前;星期月份节假日;抽象物质或习惯。注:农历的节假日需用定冠词。4.巧记零冠词：独一职位在某地，用作表、补、同位语;独立主格作状语;By短语表方式;Man字一词意“人类”;对比含义两名词;系词turn接表语;新闻语体及标题;具体意义变抽象;含有as/though的倒装句;人名、地名、国一词;抽象、物质不特指;月份、星期、节假日;学科、语言、称呼语;颜色、病名、五感觉;棋类、球类、三餐词;复数形式表类别;固定词组、惯用语。一律使用零冠词。课后习题冠词1.The woman took the little girl by_hand. A.a B.an C.the D.不填2.Mr. Read patted him on_shoulder A.a B.an C.the D.不填3.All the work had to be done by_hand when there were no modern machines. A.不填 B.the C.an D.a4.We should always think of_old and_sick.A.the; the B.an; aC.不填; 不填D.the; a5.May I have _look at the book?A.a B.an C.the D.不填6.It took me_hour and_half to finish the work.A.a; a B.an; an C.a; an D.an; a7.She was in_hurry to work.A.不填 B.a C.an D.the8.My brother has an interest in drawing_horses.A.the B.an C.a D.不填9.Sam is_man easy to get along with.A.不填 B.the C.a D.an10.Europe and America are separated by_ Atlantic Ocean.A.不填 B.the C.a D.an11.The largest landmass is usually divided into two continents along_Ural Mountains.A.不填 B.the C.a D.an12.There are only_few mistakes in your composition. Dont make_same ones again, please.A.a; the B.a; a C.the; the D.不填; 不填13.Henry is fond of playing_piano while Alice is interested in listening to _ music.A.不填; .theB.the ; 不填C.the; theD.不填; 不填14.What_weather we are having today!A.a B.the C.不填 D.an15.Tom met his old school friend on his way_home from China.A.a B.the C.不填 D.an16.Spring is_best season of the year. Autumn is_busy season.A.a; a B.the; the C.a; the D.the; a17.Lets go and have_walk around_garden.A.a; the B.the; the C.a; a D.the; a18.Children usually go to_school at _age of sixA.the; the B.a ; the C.不填; the D.a; a19.At last we got to_place where Chairman Mao had once lived.A.a B.an C.不填 D.the20.Sam is_man to speak at the meeting tomorrow.A.不填 B.the C.a D.an21.Birds can fly high in_sky.A.不填 B.the C.a D.an22.Taiwan is_island, it is_largest island of China.A.a; the B.the; the C.an ; the D.an; a23.It is cold in_winter. And_days are shorter.A.不填; theB.the; theC.the; 不填D.a; the24.Where there is_will there is_wayA.the; the B.a; aC.a; theD.the; a25.The workers in that factory are paid by_hour.A.a B.an C.the D.不填26._Chinese are_hardworking people.A.The; theB.不填; aC.不填; 不填D.the; a27.He bought_dictionary_last week.A.the; theB.a; 不填C.a; theD.the; a28.They always have_breakfast in the factoryA.a B.an C.the D.不填29.Tom is_8-year-old boy.A.a B.an C.the D.不填阅读理解Peter always doesnt know the way. His friends often laugh at him. They say he needs a map to find the bathroom in his own house. In his eyes, every street looks the same, and he doesnt know which way to go. Sometimes he has to take a taxi home because he cant remember the way to his house. Peter watches a lot of films and reads a lot of books about animals. Each bird knows which way is south. Bats (蝙蝠) can fly at night and find their way with their ears. He feels embarrassed (困窘的) because all these animals have a good