四级作文范文.doc

实用写作方法推荐：基本的写作格式第一，首先必须熟悉 英语四级写作具体要求。英语四级考试要求考生在30分钟内写出120字的文章。体材主要有议论文(分为“Topic题型”和A&B又称“正反观点题”)应用文(主要是书信)、图表文等。针对不同的体裁，写作思路是不同的。比如，以议论文举例来说： 1.议论文写作思路 2.议论文分类：阐述主题型作文(Topic)；正反观点型作文(A&B) 3.阐述主题型作文写作：(这类题型作文要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述) 4. 正反观点型作文(A&B)(这类题型作文通常从正反两方面来分别论述，最后得出你自己的结论。采用论点加论据写作形式。) 第二，熟悉英语写作的几个重要概念。 1.英语文章段落结构特点 英语文章段落结构一般有三部分构成：主题句+扩展句+结尾句 (1)主题句：所谓主题句，就是英语文章段落的中心思想句。它是英语文章段落的灵魂，在英语文章段落中居于主导地位。我们都知道英语文章一般喜欢开门见山，所以主题句一般位于英语文章段落的句首。其他句子都要围绕它而展开。 (2)扩展句：所谓扩展句就是为主题句起解释说明或论证的句子。通常我们写扩展句所采用的方法是举例子(for example, for instance, such as, a case in point is that-)、列数据(according to the recent study/survey,-)等。 (3)结尾句：所谓结尾句就是总结句。英语写作也类似于汉语写作，最后再把自己本段落的写作目的陈述一下。但是在英语写作中结尾句毕竟还是少数。 因此我们通常看到英语的文章段落结构 60%-70%都是由主题句+扩展句构成。 2.主旨句 作为主旨句就是英语文章的中心思想句。英语文章一般首先用一句话概括一下作者的写作目的或意图，我们就把这句话称之为主旨句。没有受过写作训练的考生是不会写主旨句的。因此这样的文章就不能够称之为好的英语文章，自然也得不到阅卷人的青睐了。 第三，学会遣词造句 1.遣词： (1)词汇等级 所谓词汇的等级就是，我们在写作的过程中，如果想出一个基本词汇来之后，能够在这个基本词汇的基础上把它在提升一下，也就是我们一般写作所提倡的用“难词”。比如，我们一提到“重要的”，大多数同学首先会想到“important”这个单词，那么提升一下的话就可以想到它的如下同义词：significant, vital, main, basilica, crucial, momentous etc (2)词汇准确性 所谓词汇的准确性是指，我们在有一个词近而想到它的同义词之后，要结合语境选择恰当的用词。在这里必须指明的是，并不是词汇等级越高越好，必须还要考虑到适合于不同的语境。比如，眼睛大，这个“大的”形容词，我们首先会想到big,近而想到great, large, huge, vast, titanic, enormous etc。那么是不是用后面的词就可以了呢？或者说用上enormous等词更能博得阅卷人的好感呢？答案是否定的。在这里很明显用后面的词来修饰眼睛是不可以，只能用big，因为我们听过一首英文歌曲叫做“I am a big big girl, in a big big world.”big表示眼睛大而迷人可爱的。 2.造句： (1)词组 很多考生平时写作不太擅长用词组，对于他们而言最习惯的就是想到汉语，然后对应汉语思维写出英语句子，这种写作只能是单词的罗列组合，谈不上什么技巧文采可言，因此，写出来的文章必然就是所谓平淡如流水，没有英语的味道。如果我们能够在单词的基础上，进一步想到与之同义的词组，那么文章就会显得与众不同，更具有英语的味道。比如上面所说的“重要的”这个单词，当我们想到important的时候，如果从语法角度再稍加考虑一下，我们会想到“be of importance”。因为，语法中规定：形容词等于of加这个形容词的名词形式。如果再提升一步，我们还学过一个常用的词组叫做“play an important role in-”。很多同学说自己的文章凑不够字数或是没有文采，那么采用词组进行写作是不是就可以解决以上问题了呢？ (2)句式 除了采用词组，要使文章更具英语的味道，我们还需要变换句式。没有受过正规作文训练的考生，通常采用的句式多为主谓宾、主系表。于是我们看到大多数的文章充斥着这样的形式：I am a good boy, . I study in Shandong University, and I have three years experience in Qilu Hotel.这样流水帐式的文章显然不能得到高分。 英语四级作文模板综合运用篇(一)综合运用篇Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that.随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是_。As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法)As society develops, people are attaching much importance to.随着社会的发展，人们开始关注.People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。As to whether it is worthwhile ., there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.关于是否值得_的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma.在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that.最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心_。The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。. plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, is it a blessing or a curse?_显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题，这是无可厚非的。不过，问题是：我们该如何抉择?Now we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges,现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。展现问题篇问题的常用词：question, problem, issueRecently, the issue of . has been brought into public focus.近来，_的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in peoples attitude towards some traditional practice.现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。Recently the issue of whether or not . has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.近来，是否_的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。The issue whether it is good or not to . has aroused a heated discussion all over the country._的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。At present, some people think .while others claim .Both sides have their merits.目前，一些人认为_而另一些人则认为_。其实，两种观点都其可取之处。People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。When asked ., some people think. while some prefer.说到_，有人认为_，而另一些人则认为_。Just as the saying goes: so many people, so many minds. It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.俗话说，。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that.万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，_。When it comes to ., most people believe that ., but other people regard .as .提到_问题，很多人认为_，不过，一些人则认为_是_.When faced with., quite a few people claim that ., but other people think as.提到_问题，仅少数人认为_，但另一些人则认为_。There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of . There who criticize .argue that ., they believe that .,but people who favor ., on the other hand, argue that.目前，_问题争议较大。批判_的人认为_，他们认为_，不过，另一方面，赞同_的人则认为_。Some people are of the opinion that.有些人认为_。Many people claim that.很多人认为_。A majority of 绝大多数A large number of 很多人Some people contend that . has proved to bring many advantages (disadvantages) 有些人认为_有很多有利之处(不利之处)。Those who argue for . say that .economic development of the cities.觉得_的人认为，_ 城市的经济发展。Some people advocate that .有些人在坚持认为_。They hold that . 他们认为_。People, who advocate that ., have their sound reasons (grounds)坚持认为_的人也有其说法(依据)。Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。Those who strongly approve of . have cogent reasons for it.强烈认同_的人有很多原因。Many people would claim that.有人会认为_。People who support . give some or all of the following reasons.那些支持_观点的人列出了如下原因：_。But others hold the view that .但是，另外一些人则认为_。观点的用词：Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take, have, come up with，set forth, put forward等。But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that.,.不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_。But people who are ., on the other hand , maintain that.不过，另一方面，_的人认为_。However, there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.然而，很多人对此有不同的看法。问题用词：Issue, phenomenon，后接介词, on, over等。However, some others argue that. 然而，另一些人则认为_。However, there are also some others who contend that.然而，也有人认为_。But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case.不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。Some people examine this issue from another angle.有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly .另一方面，也有很多反对的人，他们认为_。According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer . rather than.根据我的个性以及兴趣，我选择_而不会选择_。Personally, I side with the latter (former) opinion.就我个人而言，我支持后者(前者)_。Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.就我个人而言，我较同意前一种看法。To my point of view 我认为To my mind, the advantages far overweigh the drawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings)我认为，优点胜过缺点。For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that.就我而言，我较赞同后一种观点_。As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.在我看来，我较同意后一种观点。After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that.经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即_。If asked to make a decision, I would prefer.如果真的需要作出选择，我宁愿_。文章的衔接与连贯 在评分标准中，同是否扣题同样重要的是文章的连贯性。往往有的文章扣题倒也扣题了，但还是得不了几 分，这其中的原因恐怕与连贯性有很大的关系。 这里所说的连贯有两两层含义。一是指文章在内容上是连贯 、统一的，文章中所有的句子都是为全文的中心服务的。就各段而言，其中的每一句话都要紧紧围绕着该段的 主题句进行，不能说与主题句无关的东西。有人也将其称为统一性。请看一例：The weather has been changeable. On Sunday we had a high wind that blew down some trees. Monday was so cold that we had to turn on the heat and wear out winter coats. On Tuesday we formed a group to go roller skating. By Wednesday the weather cleared and the sun came out. Thursday was as hot and humid as an August day. Friday morning it began to rain, and it looks as if well have a cold, steady wind for a few days. 这一段写“最近天气多变”，首句为主题句。扩展句叙述了星期日、星期一、星期三、星期四和星期五的天气情况，用以展开关键词changeable。但星期二没有提天气，而是说当天的活动安排，偏离了主题，打断了段落叙述的连贯性，破坏了段落逻辑意义的统一性，应删去或改为与天气有关的话。再如：Sports benefit us in many respects. When taking part in sports, we get the chance to train almost all parts of our body. There is no doubt that properly balanced physical activities keep us physically fit. Furthermore, sports can enrich our life and maintain our psychological health. Through participation, everyone can learn that on the playing field he not only competes for himself but also for his team. Sports teach us about consideration, cooperation and optimism, and how to cope with difficulties. 第一句是本段的主题句，接下来作者从体育运动对身体的好处说了两句，第四句讲述体育运动对心理方面的益处，第五句从团队的方面加以论述，最后一句既是论据，同时也是对前面三点的概括。全段没有一句话脱离主题句。 连贯的第二层含义指的是表达上的连贯。文章的段落之间、段落中各句子之间要有一定的衔接。 段落结构和句与句之间的衔接应遵照一定的顺序。段落之间的连接也应符合逻辑。这样使文章连贯紧凑，自然流畅，层次分明，脉络清晰。段落只有在具有含义一致性的同时又具有表达的连贯性才能充分有效地传达信息，真正实现写作目的。 这两层意义的连贯性是相辅相成的。内容的连贯性是表达连贯性的前提，一组互不相干的句子放在一起，无法取得表达的连贯性；一致性有赖于连贯性，只有把一组意义紧密相关的句子有机地组合起来，才能真正充分有效地阐述其主题思想。 就上面的例一来说，虽然它是以时间为线索将这几天串在一起，但仍让人感觉太乱。每个句子都是以星期某一天的名子开头，太单调了。各个句子之间似乎没有什么关系，应该说是一篇连贯性较差的文章。下面让我们对它稍加修改一下：The weather has been changeable. On Sunday we had a high wind that blew down some trees. Monday was so cold that we had to turn on the heat and wear out winter coats. And it remained gloomy the next day. To our pleasure, by Wednesday the weather cleared and the sun came out. But Thursday tuned out to be as hot and humid as an August day. Worse still, it began to rain this morning, and it looks as if well have a cold, steady wind for a few days. 那么，如何使文章连贯呢？ 就议论文而言，获取连贯主要有三种方法：一是内容上的连贯，二是使用代词或有意地重复一些词，三是使用关联词语。 内容上的连贯如前所述。 代词和有意的重复可起到衔接的作用。例如在上面的例子中，在提到星期二时，没有用Tuesday，而是用了the next day，避免重复，并把这两天连在一起，让人感觉到了前后的承接。再如最后一句中原文用的是Friday morning，改为this morning后，意义并没有改变，但一下子把距离拉近了，既承接起前面的五天，又能与后一分句中的将来时有效的结合。 关联词和插入语的使用是四级考试作文中最明显的连接手段，如上例中的and，to our pleasure，but，worse still。 需要注意的是，关联词的使用是与段落（文章）的展开方法密切相关的，不要为了使用关联词而使用关联词。下面结合段落的展开方法具体加以说明。1. 列举法 列举的模式通常是 主题句-example 1 -example 2 -example 3 列举时常用for example, for instance, such as, like, as proof, thus, takeas an example, to illustrate 等词语.Nonverbal communication, or body language. is communication by facial expressions, head or eye movements, hand signals, and body postures. It can be just as important to understanding as words are. Misunderstandings often amusing but sometimes serious-can arise between people from different culture if they misinterpret nonverbal signals. Take for example, the differences in meaning of gesture very common in the United States: a circle made with the thumb and index finger. To an American, it means that everything is ok. To a Japanese, it means that you are talking about money. In France, it means that something is worthless, and in Greece, it is an obscene gesture. Therefore, an American could unknowingly offend a Greek by using that particular hand signal.2. 分类法 一般是在主题句之后，依次罗列段落指示词所表达的几个部分或几个方面。然后，选用丰富的事例对所罗列的 各个部分或各个方面进行具体地说明或解释。There are three basic kinds of materials that can be found in any good library. First, there are books on all subjects, both in English and in many other languages. These books are organized according to subject, title, and author in a central file caned the card catalog. Books can generally be checked out of the library and taken home for a period of two to four weeks. Second, there are reference works. which include encyclopedias, dictionaries, bibliography, atlases, etc., and which generally must be used in the library itself. Third, there are periodicals- magazines, newspapers, pamphlets-which are flied alphabetically in racks, or which have been filmed to conserve space. Like reference works, periodicals cannot usually be removed from the library. 分类时常用：most of all， next，moreover， in addition，besides，furthermore，to begin with，to start with，first of all，first，second，third3. 因果关系 在段落一开头，就用主题句点明其因果关系，然后选用有关材料，客观的罗列某些原因或结果，以证阐述的中心思想。 Growing numbers of well-to-do Americans are making the decision to move abroad. They find it impossible in America to walk the streets at night without fear of being raped, mugged, or murdered, nor do they see a way to escape the poisonous air of the cities. They maintain that even American food has become increasingly dangerous to eat. Last but not least, they insist that they are sick of the pace of American life, a pace that leaves no time for relaxation or pleasure. 因果关系常用语汇: because of, so, owing to, thanks to, thus, as a result of, hence, for this reason, consequently, is caused by, lead to, result in4比较法 主题句必须明确表明所要比较的对象和所要比较的范围，实际上就是罗列两个或两个以上比较对象的相同点。Learning English is like building a house. Laying a solid foundation is the first and most important step. In other words, you should reads, you should read and speak English every day. Memorizing new words and phrases is also helpful. Like building a house, learning English takes some time. So dont be impatient. Remember, Rome wasnt built in a day.常用语汇：at the same time, similar to, accordingly, both, show a degree of similarity, similarly, lie and so , the same as, and too, in the same way, in a like manner5举例法 列举事实或举出实例来说明中心思想, 是简单易行、具有说服力的写作方法。Communicating with other people by telephone is very convenient, especially when you have something urgent. For example, if one of your family members is seriously ill at right, and you dont know how to deal with it and where to find a doctor, what can you do? A telephone is the answer. Dial 120 and you will get services from the hospital very soon.一、 the + est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc) the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc) 例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。 Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。 二、Nothing is + er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V 例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。 三、 cannot emphasize the importance of too much. （再怎么强调.的重要性也不为过。） 例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。 四、There is no denying that + S + V .（不可否认的.） 例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. 不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。 五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子 （全世界都知道.） 例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。 六、There is no doubt that + 句子 （毫无疑问的.） 例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired. 毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。 七、An advantage of is that + 句子 （.的优点是.） 例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it wont create (produce) any pollution. 使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。 八、The reason why + 句子 is that + 句子 （.的原因是.） 例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air. The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us. 我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。 九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子 （如此.以致于.） 例句：So precious is time that we cant afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。 十、Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V （虽然.） 例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不 虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。 十一、The + er + S + V, the + er + S + V The + more + Adj + S + V, the + more + Adj + S + V （愈.愈.） 例句：The harder you work, the more progress you make. 你愈努力，你愈进步。 The more books we read, the more learned we become. 我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。 十二、By +Ving, can （借着.，.能够.） 例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy. 借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。 十三、 enable + Object（受词）+ to + V （.使.能够.） 例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed. 听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。 十四、On no account can we + V （我们绝对不能.） 例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. 我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。 十五、It is time + S + 过去式 （该是.的时候了） 例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems. 该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。 十六、Those who （.的人.） 例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished. 违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。 十七、There is no one but （没有人不.） 例句：There is no one but longs to go to college. 没有人不渴望上大学。 十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V （不得不.） 例句：Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports. 既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。 十九、It