德州市2016-2017学年八年级下期末模拟数学试卷含答案.docx

德州市2016-2017学年八年级下期末模拟数学试卷含答案2016-2017学年八年级（下）期末模拟数学试卷一、选择题（共8小题，每小题3分，满分24分） 1下列图形中是中心对称图形但不是轴对称图形的是（）ABCD2五边形的内角和为（）A360B540C720D9003如图，平行四边形ABCD中，E，F是对角线BD上的两点，如果添加一个条件使ABECDF，则添加的条件是（）AAE=CFBBE=FDCBF=DED1=24如图，将ABC沿着水平方向向右平移后得到DEF，若BC=3，CE=2，则平移的距离为（）A1B2C3D45设“”，“”，“”分别表示三种不同的物体，用天平比较它们质量的大小，两次情况如图所示，那么每个“”，“”，“”这样的物体，按质量由小到大的顺序排列为（）ABCD6从图1到图2的拼图过程中，所反映的关系式是（）Ax2+5x+6=（x+2）（x+3）Bx2+5x6=（x+6）（x1）Cx25x+6=（x2）（x3）D（x+2）（x+3）=x2+5x+67如图，平行四边形ABCD的对角线交于点O，且ABAD，过O作OEBD交BD于点E若CDE的周长为10，则平行四边形ABCD的周长为（）A10B16C18D208如图，已知函数y=x+的图象与x轴交于点A，与y轴交于点B，点P是x轴上一点，若PAB为等腰三角形，则点P的坐标不可能是（）A（32，0）B（3，0）C（1，0）D（2，0）二、填空题（共8小题，每小题3分，满分24分）9当x时，分式值为010如图，在ABC中，C=90，AD是ABC的角平分线，DEAB于点E，AD=BD则B等于11某公司准备用10000元购进一批空调和风扇已知空调每台2500元，风扇每台300元，该公司已购进空调3台，那么该公司最多还可以购进风扇_台12关于x的分式方程=有增根，则m的值是13如图，函数y=2x和y=ax+4的图象和交于点A（m，3），则不等式2xax+4的解集为14如图，在ABC中，AC=BC=2，C=90，AD是ABC的角平分线，DEAB，垂足为E，AD的垂直平分线交AB于点E，则DEF的面积为_15如图，ABC中，AB=AC，BAC=56，BAC的平分线与AB的垂直平分线交于点O，将C沿EF（E在BC上，F在AC上）折叠，点C与点O恰好重合，则OEC为度16如图是一块瓷砖的图案，用这种瓷砖来铺设地面，如果铺成一个22的正方形图案（如图），其中完整的圆共有5个，如果铺成一个33的正方形图案（如图），其中完整的圆共有13个，如果铺成一个44的正方形图案（如图），其中完整的圆共有25个按照这个规律，若这样铺成一个nn的正方形图案，则其中完整的圆共有个三、作图题：用圆规、直尺作图，不写作法，但要保留作图痕迹。17（4分）已知：线段a、c求作：直角ABC，使BC=a，AB=c，A=90四、解答题（共7小题，满分68分）18（14分）（1）分解因式：3a3+12a2b12ab2；（2）分解因式：9（m+n）2（mn）2；（3）化简：（1）+；（4）化简：x+119先化简，再求值：（1），其中x=2+20（8分如图，平面直角坐标系中，已知A（0，2），B（2，2），C（1，1）（1）将ABC先向左平移2个单位长度，再向下平移1个单位长度，得到A1B1C1，请画出A1B1C1，点C1的坐标为_；（2）将ABC绕点O按顺时针方向旋转180后得到A2B2C2，点C2的坐标为_；（3）若将ABC绕点P按顺时针方向旋转90后得到A3B3C3，则点P的坐标是_21（8分）如图，在ABCD中，连接对角线BD，BE平分ABD交AD于点E，DF平分BDC交BC于点F（1）求证：AEBCFD；（2）若BD=BA，试判断四边形DEBF的形状，并加以证明22（8分）山地自行车越来越受到中学生的喜爱，各种品牌相继投放市场，某车行经营的A型车去年销售总额为5万元，今年每辆销售价比去年降低400元，若卖出的数量相同，销售总额将比去年减少20%（1）今年A型车每辆售价多少元？（用列方程的方法解答）（2）该车行计划新进一批A型车和新款B型车共60辆，且B型车的进货数量不超过A型车数量的两倍，应如何进货才能使这批车获利最多？A，B两种型号车的进货和销售价格如下表：A型车B型车进货价格（元）11001400销售价格（元）今年的销售价格200023（12分）如图，已知直线y=3x+3与x轴交于点A，与y轴交于点C，过点C的直线y=x+b与x轴交于点B（1）b的值为_；（2）若点D的坐标为（0，1），将BCD沿直线BC对折后，点D落到第一象限的点E处，求证：四边形ABEC是平行四边形；（3）在直线BC上是否存在点P，使得以P、A、D、B为顶点的四边形是平行四边形？如果存在，请求出点P的坐标；如果不存在，请说明理由2015-2016学年山东省青岛市黄岛区八年级（下）期末数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（共8小题，每小题3分，满分24分）1D2A3A4A5D6B7D8C二、填空题（共8小题，每小题3分，满分24分）9：=110：3011：512：313 x1.514 6cm15：11216：n2+（n1）2三、作图题：用圆规、直尺作图，不写作法，但要保留作图痕迹。17解：如图，ABC为所作四、解答题（共7小题，满分68分）18解：（1）原式=3a（a24ab+4b2）=3a（a2b）2；（2）原式=3（m+n）+（mn）3（m+n）（mn）=（4m+2n）（2m+4n）=4（2m+n）（m+2n）；（3）原式=+=；（4）原式=1920解：（1）设乙工程队每天能完成绿化的面积是x（m2），根据题意得=4解得：x=50经检验：x=50是原方程的解所以甲工程队每天能完成绿化的面积是502=100（m2）答：甲、乙两工程队每天能完成绿化的面积分别是100m2、50m221（1）证明：四边形ABCD是平行四边形，ADBC，CDBA，A=C，AB=CD，ABD=BDC（两直线平行，内错角相等）又BE平分ABD，DF平分BDC，ABE=DBE=ABD，CDF=BDF=BDC，DBE=FDB=DBE=BDF（等量代换），在AEB和CFD中，AEBCFD（ASA）；（2）解：四边形DEBF是矩形；理由如下：由（1）知：DBE=BDF，BEDF，DEBF，四边形EBFD是平行四边形BD=BA，BE是ABD的平分线，BEAD，DEB=90，四边形DEBF是矩形（有一内角为直角的平行四边形是矩形）22解：（1）设今年A型车每辆售价x元，则去年售价每辆为（x+400）元，由题意，得，解得：x=1600经检验，x=1600是原方程的根答：今年A型车每辆售价1600元；（2）设今年新进A型车a辆，则B型车（60a）辆，获利y元，由题意，得y=（16001100）a+（20001400）（60a），y=100a+36000B型车的进货数量不超过A型车数量的两倍，60a2a，a20y=100a+36000k=1000，y随a的增大而减小a=20时，y最大=34000元B型车的数量为：6020=40辆当新进A型车20辆，B型车40辆时，这批车获利最大23解：（1）如图中，四边形PFQC是平行四边形理由：AB=AC，B=ACB，PFAQ，PFB=ACB=B，DPF=DQC，PB=PF=CQ，在DPF和DQC中，DPFDQC，DP=DQ，DF=DC，四边形PFQC是平行四边形（2）如图中，过点P作PFAC交BC于F，PBF为等腰三角形，PB=PF，PEBFBE=EF，由（1）可知FD=DC，ED=EF+FD=BF+FC=（BF+FC）=BC=3，ED为定值，A. 从下面方框中选出与下列各句中划线部分意思相同或相近、并能替换划线部分的选项。(共4小题，每小题1分，计4分)A. in style B. one more C. return it D. took place26. Let see another one on the line.27. When will you give it back to me.28. The murder happened about thirty years ago.29. Her clothes are always fashionable.B. 从各题的A、B、C三个选项中选择正确答案。 (共17小题，每小题1分，计17分)30. There _ a meeting at 4 oclock this afternoon.Awill haveBwill beCwill to be31. The man doesnt have _, so he is _.Aenough friends, lonely enoughBfriends enough, enough lonelyC enough friends, alone enough32. Mother _ while father _ his car.Awas cooking, washedBcooked, was washingCwas cooking, was washing33. I was never _receive a _result from my science teacher.Asurprised, disappointedBsurprised, disappointingCsurprising, disappointed34. You are tired. _a rest?A. Why stop to haveBWhy not stop to haveCWhy not stop having35.-What did your son say in the letter?-He told me that he _the Great Wall the next day?Awill visitBhas visitedCwould visit36. - _borrow your dictionary?- Yes, you can _ it for two days.AMay, keepBCan, borrowCMay, borrow37.- Didnt the sleeping pills work?-_. I slept well last night.AYes, they doBYes , they didCNo, they didnt38. Lisa was supposed _ her homework before nine oclock. But she couldnt.Ato finishBto finishingCfinishing39. -Im sorry I _my exercise book at home.-Dont forget _it here tomorrow, please.Aforgot, to takeBleft, to bringCleft, to take40. _ useful invention the computer is!AWhat aBWhat anCHow a41. I dont know if she _. If she_, let me know.Acomes, comesBwill come, comesCcomes, will come42. We _1000 English words since we _ to this school.Alean, comeBhave learning, cameChave learned, came43. -Would you please _ football near my home?-_.Anot to play, NoBnot play, Yes, I will do that againCnot play, Sorry, I wont do that again44. Mr. Green told us _ too much time_ reading novels.Adont take, onBnot to take, inCnot to spend, in45. Neither the students nor the teacher _ the answer to the question.AknowBknowsCdoesnt know46. Mr. Jack _China for several years.Ahas been toBhas come toChas been inB. 补全对话。根据对话内容，从右边方框中选出适当的选项补全对话，并将选项的编号字母依次填写在答题卡相应的位置上。(共4小题，每小题1分，计4分)A. I will be an astronaut.B. I will fly rockers to the space.C. What do you think your life will be like in the future?D. But where will you live?L: Do you know Shenzhou-9 has been set up into space successfully?_47._K: I think _48_L: An astronaut? Are you kidding?K: No, I am serious. Perhaps we will have personal rockets. _49_May be there will be flights to other planets.L: Oh, that sounds great!_50_K: I will live on a space station.L: I think it will be very interesting.K: Im sure.六、完型填空。分别通读下面两篇短文，根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。 (共20小题，每小题1分;计20分)A.Not long ago, there was a story in Russia about ZHOYA and SHULA. They were sister and brother. They were in 51 same class of a middle school. They studied hard. They were 52 strict 53 themselves. Their homework was given the day before. SHULA was clever. He had done his homework earlier. But ZHOUYA hadnt yet. The next afternoon she went on doing hers.SHULA thought his sister maybe couldnt finish some of the exercises. So he put his exercise-book with answers on his sisters desk before ZHOYA came in the classroom, and went out quietly to play. A few minutes later, ZHOYA came in and saw her brothers exercise-book on her desk. But she had never looked at it all. She sat on her seat, thinking and thinking. Five minutes, ten minutes, half an hour had _54 . An hour and a half 55 , she worked out all problem at last and handed it in on time that afternoon. How happy she was!“Why not copy my key down in 56 , sister?” asked SHULA with a smile. “No, I didnt. I must use my head and try my 57 to 58 all by myself. Im sure, I can 59 a way. I dont like to be lazy in 60 homework,” answered ZHOYA.51. AaBanCthe52. AbothBeitherCall53. AonBwithCin54. ApastBpassCpassed55. AlaterBlateClatterly56. AyouByoursCyour57. AgoodBbetterCbest58. Awork them outBwork out themCwork them off59. Alook forBfindCfound60. AdoingBto doCdoneB.For many young people, becoming a professional athlete might seem like a dream job. _61 you become a professional athlete, youll be able to 62 by doing something you love. If you become famous, people 63 the world will know you. Many athletes give money to 64 , and do a lot of work to help people. This is a great 65 that many people do not have.However, professional athletes can also have many 66 . if you are famous, people will 67 you all the time and follow you everywhere. This can make life difficult.If you play sports 68 a living, your job will sometimes be very dangerous. Many professional athletes 69 . And if you become rich, you will have a difficult time knowing 70 . In fact, many famous people complain that they are not happy. They say they were happier before they became rich and famous.61. AIfBWhatCHow62. Adoing a livingBdo a livingCmake a living63. AoverBallCaround64. AhospitalsBcharitiesCold peoples homes65. AtopicBinfluenceCchance66. AproblemsBadviceCtragedy67. AlookBwatchCknow68. AfromBinCfor69. AinjuredBget injuredCget painful70. Awho are your real friendsBwho your real friends areCwhat your real friends are第三部分 阅读理解 (共15小题，计30分)七、阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子正误。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”。(共5小题，每小题2分;计10分)Do you remember your dreams? Do people have the same dream? Why do we dream? There are many questions about dreams. We dream during the REM (rapid (快的) eye movement stage (阶段) of sleep. We have about five periods of REM sleep during the night. The first REM cycle (周期) lasts about 10 minutes.As the night goes on, the REM cycle gets longer. By early morning, the REM cycle can last up to 90 minutes. Usually it is in this last REM cycle that we remember our dreams.Dreams change as people age. People may have several dreams each night. Some are like films and usually in color. They come to us over and over again. That may be because the dreamer is worrying about something and trying to find the answer. Sometimes we wake up with a good feeling from a dream. But often we cant remember the dreams clearly.It is reported that too much dreaming is bad for our health. The more we sleep, the longer we dream. The mind is hard at work. That is why we may have a long sleep and feel tired when we wake up.( )71. We dream during the REM stage of sleep.( )72. Children aged eight or nine have the same dreams as people aged thirty.( )73. All the dreams are usually in color like films.( )74. The longer we dream, the better we sleep.( )75. Too much dreaming is bad for our health.ABBBA八、阅读下面两篇短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案。(共10小题，每小题2分;计20分)A.One morning, a blind (瞎的) boy sat on the steps of building with a hat by his feet. He held a sign which said, I am blind, please help me.There were only a few coins in the hat. A man was walking by. He took out a few coins from his pocket and dropped them into the hat. He then took the sign, turned it around, and wrote some words on it. He put the sign back so that everyone who walked by could see the new words.Soon the hat began to fill up. A lot more people were giving money to the blind boy. That afternoon the man who had changed the sign came to see how things were. The boy recognized his footsteps and asked, Are you the one who changed my sign in the morning? What did you write?The man said, I only wrote the truth. I said what you said, but in a different way.What he had written was, Today is a beautiful day, but I cannot see it.Do you think the first sign and second sign were saying the same thing?Of course both signs told people the boy was blind. But the first sign simply told people to help by putting some money in the hat. The second sign told people that they were able to enjoy the beauty of the day, but the boy could not enjoy it because he was blind.The first sign simply said the boy was blind, while the second sign told people they were so lucky that they were not blind.There are at least two lessons we can learn from this simple story.The first is: Treasure (珍惜) what you have. Someone else has less. Try your best to help those who need your help.The second is: Be creative. Think differently. There is always a better way.76. From the passage we know that _.A. the boy always has hat on his head.B. the man is one of his friends.C. the boy is blind and needs help.77. On the sign the man wrote some words which said, _.A. He is blind. Please help him.B. Today is a beautiful day, but I cannot see it.C. We are so lucky that we are not blind.78. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. The hat began to fill up after the man wrote some words on the sigh.B. The man took away the few coins from the hat.C. The boy pretended to be blind, for he didnt want to go to school.79. The underlined word recognized in the passage means _.A. 知道B. 懂事C. 辨认出80. According to the writer, from this simple story we can learn:A. Be creative. There is always a better way.B. Be kind to the blind.C. Dont always get, but offer.B.Mr. Jenkins is a farmer. One day he drives his truck to town and on the way his truck knocked down a boy and hurt(弄伤) him. He takes the boy to a hospital and he pays a lot of money for that, but the boys parents want to get more money from him, so they say their son cant lift(举起) his right arm above his head.Mr. Jenkins lawyer comes and asks the boy some questions. “Now, my boy,” he says, “Mr. Jenkins truck knocks you down in the street.”“Yes, sir,” he says.“And you cant lift your right arm now?”“Yes, sir,” he says.“Could you show how high you can lift your right arm?”Slowly the boy lifts his right arm before his nose.“Poor boy,” says the lawyer, “And how high can you lift before the accident?”“Oh, I can lift it very high.” Says the boy, and the right hand goes up high above his head.81. Mr. Jenkins truck knocks down _.A. a lawyerB. a boys fatherC. a boy82. The boys parents want to get _ from him.A. more trucksB. more moneyC. more monkeys83. Mr. Jenkins lawyer asks the boy to _.A. ask some questionsB. answer some questionsC. lift his left arm84. The boy says he cant lift his _ now.A. right armB. left armC. right foot85. There is _ wrong with the boy.A. somethingB. anythingC. nothingB 卷(非选择题;50分)一、完成对话。在对话空格中填上适当的单词，使对话完整正确;一空一词(含缩写词)。(共10小题，每小题1分;计1分。请将所有使用的单词直接填写在答题卡相应题号的位置上)A: Hi! Welcome to my house, Millie! Let me show you 1 it.B: Thanks, Andy. I saw the photo of your house before. Its great than on the photos. Its quite 2 from my flat in Beijing.A: Come here. This is my 3 .B: Oh, it is very big. You have a very large bed in your room. That 4 you can stay with your friends in the room.A: Yes. And I have a wardrobe. It is 5 the desk and window.B: Where is your sitting room。A: Come with me. We have many things in it, such as TV, sofa etc.B: Where do you do your homework?A: In my study. Look, I have a computer. I can 6 me with my lessons.B: Do you have your 7 bathroom?A: Yes, its over there. Now lets go to the garden.B: Oh, there are so many 8 beautiful flowers. Who grows 9 ?A: My mother.B: I hope to have a house like 10 .二、短文填空。从下面方框中选出10个单词，并将其正确形式填写在答题卡相应题号的位置上，使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。(共10个小题，每小题1分;计10分)somebodyfinaltowerhowmustcarecallinterestinglikefixhavehappenI often dreamed about Pisa when I was a boy. I read about the famous building 1 the Leaning Tower of Pisa. But when I read the word Pisa, I was thinking of pizza .I thought this tower was a place to buy pizza. It 2 be the best place to buy pizza in the world, I thought.Many years later I 3 saw the Leaning Tower. I knew then that it was Pisa and no pizza. But there was still something special about it for me .The tower got its name because it really did lean to one side. Some people want to try to 4 it. They are afraid it may fall over and they dont like it leans over the city.I do not think its a good idea to try to fix it. The tower probably will not fall down. It is 600 years old. Why should anything 5 to it now? And, if you ask me, I like what it looks 6 . To me it is a very human kind of leaning. 7 is perfect. It seems to say.And who 8 ? Why do people want things to be perfect? Imperfect things may be 9 . Lets take the tower in Pisa. Why is it so famous? There are many other older, more beautiful 10 in Italy. But Pisa tower is the most famous. People come from all over the world to see it.三、阅读表达(共20小题;计15分)A. 阅读排序。阅读下列各句，根据其句首或首段提示，请将选项A-E按其内容重新排列顺序， 使其构成意思完整正确、逻辑顺序合理的语篇。(共10小题，每小题0.5分，计5分)Do you know the game “Rock, paper or scissors”?Maybe you think its just a simple game for children. But in fact, some adults use it to make decisions and solve their problems. It is also popular in many countries.1._2._3_4_5_There is even an international club named the World Rock Paper Scissors Club in Toronto. The club makes “Rock, paper or scissors” more and more popular. It holds the world championship (锦标赛) every year. Top players from around the world take part in it and the champion (冠军) can get a lot of money and the honor of all the fans of “Rock, paper or scissors”