单词Chapter1.docx

Chapter 1cynical: pessimistic, distrustful愤世嫉俗的foxholes: holes dug into the ground to protect a soldier from gunfire散兵坑gun turrets: towers used to hold guns by the military during battles炮塔rampant: running wild, overwhelming猖獗的squeaky: making very high noises that are not loud吱吱作响obedient: always doing what you are told to do听话的shady: protected from the sun or producing shade成荫的practical: relating to real situations and events rather than ideas, emotions实际的carols: songs颂歌blithe: cheerful无忧无虑的plank or beam: types of woodmason: brick worker石匠deck-hand: someone who works on a boat普通水手robust: healthy健壮的ploughboy: someone who works the soil on a farm耕童carpenter: someone who builds furniture木匠abolish: end废除dissolve = discontinueentitle = authorize有资格evident = clear明显的consent = permission许可destructive = harmful破坏性的institute = begin提出dictate = say口述transient = temporary流动性的suffer = enduremillennium: 1000 yearsunrivaled: formal better than any other无敌的explore: 探究，探索extend: 延长thriving: 欣欣向荣的Chapter 2unarbitrated: not worked out, not controlled无法调解testy: impatient, short-tempered急躁的holler = yell大叫token: coin used for subway entrypariah: social outcast被社会遗弃者debilitated: sick, unable to function使虚弱asthma: a type of illness that makes it difficult to breathe气喘premonition: a feeling about the future预感delayed gratification(满足): enjoying something at a later timedemographic: the study of populations人口统计数据brie: a type of French cheesesolicitation: requests for money乞讨chip on ones shoulder敏感captive audience忠实粉丝shallow and self-absorbed肤浅而固执己见的paw throughdispose of income花钱flock to聚集到the last word in最新款式Chapter 4incredulity: astonishment; state of being unsure怀疑elf: small, imaginary human-like creatures小精灵mundane: boring usual平凡的myriad: many and different无数的scoffed: mocked, ridiculed嘲笑confiscated: took away没收eccentric: odd, peculiar古怪的banished: send away驱逐reminisce: remember fondly追忆往事innocuous无害的raw生食suburban市郊的scenario: scene可能发生的事swanky: fancy, high-class奢华的bistro: small restaurantuncanny: very realistic不可思议的malevolent: evil恶毒的progenitors: fathers创始人maverick: pioneer, free spirit特立独行的人oblivious: ignorant, not knowing不在意的Chapter 3libation: drinks祭酒self-determination: 自主权shabby: old and worn out肮脏破旧的cascade: waterfall瀑布metaphor: a type of comparison隐喻ransack: searching aggressively for something洗劫ornate: fancy, very decorative华丽的rim: the outside part of something边缘butcher屠宰janitor管理员peculiar奇怪的prayer祷告prosperity繁荣ripple起伏sacrifice牺牲scholar有学问的人sniffles吸鼻子sob抽噎sparkle闪耀tortoise陆龟yearn向往，渴望dismantle: taking something apart into separate pieces拆开handlebar把手fender前挡泥板headlight前灯luggage rack行车架crossbar横架spokes条mud flap后挡泥板sponger寄生虫grounded踏实的Chapter 5monotony: boredom, sameness单调乏味的panning for gold: looking for gold in the water by using a panembarked: started out着手做braid辫子landscape景色busses: kissesin stitches: laughing hard捧腹大笑swathed: covered包裹住ubiquitous: existing everywhere无处不在的a total hoot: very funnygawk: stare呆呆的看，腼腆的人emphatic but noncommittal: strong but not convincing断然否定unconscionably: immorally, improperly不合理的pitching: trying to convince竭力推销enslaved: forced to work without pay使成为奴隶labor-intensive: requiring many workers压榨劳动overseer: manager工头gang labor: large group supervised by a single overseer工程队autonomy: independence自治权harvest: cutting and gathering of crops收割commissaries: stores owned by the landowner商店absentee owner: people who own land but dont live on it产权拥有者但不在那居住forged: created形成chiseled: carved like stone雕刻symptomatic of: characterizing, describing表明dowry嫁妆procuring: getting获得pervasive: common遍布的headstrong: stubbornobstinately: stubbornlyresonated: echoed, sounded引起共鸣wholly: completelytilled: plowed耕地initiate发起waver动摇Chapter 6predates: comes before历史上早于rhetorician: a person who studies the use of argument in speech or writing演说家treatise: speech or essayconnotation: shade of meaning隐含义sacred: holy宗教的contemplative: in the act of thinking, concentrating沉思的square his shoulders: face forward, with the shoulders very straight and evenhunches: pushes forward the shoulders and rounds the backaffinity: relationship关系密切submissiveness: letting someone else have power, giving in谦恭neurological wiring: nervous systemmimicking: imitating模仿reptilian: related to reptiles, such as snakes and lizards爬行动物collusion: cooperation勾结implication: meaning可能影响paucity: lack, small amount不足intervened: came between things; interfe