新视界大学英语综合教程2 unit5.ppt

Quittersarewinners Bulldogsarelosers Skimming Browsethepassagewithin8minutestogetaroughideaaboutit AnswerthequestionsofActivity2and3onpage119 Task Skimming Choosethebestdefinition 1 Aquitterissomeonewho a doesn tknowwhattheywanttodoinlife b getsdepressedeasily c knowswhentogiveuptrying d keepsontryingevenwhentheyhavenohopeofsuccess 2 Abulldogissomeonewho a keepsontryingbecausetheyfinditdifficulttoacceptfailure b givesupveryeasily c usuallysucceedsintheendinwhattheywanttodo d ispsychologicallystrongerthanmostpeople c a Skimming Answerthequestions 1Whatisa never say die spirit A never say die spiritisoneofdeterminationnomatterwhattheoddsare 2WhatdidpsychologistsMillerandWroschsetouttodo MillerandWroschdevelopedawaytofindthecharacteristicsofBulldogsandQuitters 3Whatdidtheirfindingsshow QuittersaregenerallyhealthierthanBulldogs Skimming 4InwhatwaydoBulldogssuffermorethanQuitters Bulldogssuffermorefromminorillnessesandlongperiodsofstress 5WhatmighthappenwhenaBulldogfinallygivesuponanambition Bulldogsmightbegintopursuenewgoalsaftertheygiveuponanambition 6Whatistheconnectionbetweendepressionandthesurvivalofthespecies Itmaybeawayoftellingourbodiestoslowdown toanalyzethesituationandbecautious Meanwhile wearemorerealisticabouttheworld Therefore itwillhelppreserveourhumanspecies Skimming 7Whyisitimportantforyoungpeopletosetthemselvesgoals Becauseitispartofcultivatinganindividualidentityintheworld 8Whyisitimportanttobepreparedtochangethosegoals Becausewemayfindthegoalsareunattainableorbeattractedtosomenewgoals 9Whatistheconnectionbetweensettinggoalsandthesurvivalofthespecies Becauseweareconstantlyadjustingorabandoningthegoals changingpriorities Inthisprocess wegrowup Quittersarewinners Bulldogsarelosers 译文 Digging 1 Ifatfirstyoudon tsucceed try tryagain saidthecomicactor WCFields Thenquit There snopointinbeingadamnfoolaboutit 2Well yes uptoapoint butweallknowthatthere sarightandawrongtimetoquit Accordingtonewresearch peoplewhoknowwhentogiveuponimpossiblegoals theso called quitters arephysicallyandmentallyhealthierthan bulldogs whopersistatanycost Digging 3SincetheFoundingFathersarrivedinAmerica ourchildrenhavebeenthetargetofmessagesaboutthevalueofdeterminationinthefaceoflife sdifficulties Thisnever say diespiritisbestrepresentedbythe19th centurysaying Ifatfirstyoudon tsucceed try tryagain Butaretheretimeswhenit ssimplybettertogiveup 译文 Digging 4Therehasbeenconsiderableresearchaboutthisquestionandspecificallyaboutthepossiblelinkbetweendeterminationandhealth Ontheonehand itseemsthatpersistenceandself disciplineincreasethechanceyou llsucceedinthelongterm andthatpersonalsuccessiscloselylinkedtowell being Thinkofsuccessfulpeopleyouknowpersonally andlookbackovertheirlives Havetheyalwaysbeenclearaboutwherethey regoingintheirlives andnowthattheyhavearrived aretheyhappyandhealthy Someare perhaps 译文 Digging 5Butwhatifsuccessisverydoubtful Forexample likeanaverageathletebecominganOlympicgoldmedalwinner Canexhibitingtoomuchdeterminationhaveanegativeeffectonyourhealth 译文 Digging 6Inasequenceofpsychologicalexperiments scientistsGregoryMillerandCarstenWroschdevelopedawayofdistinguishingbetweentwocategoriesofpeople BulldogsandQuitters ThefindingsshowedthatQuittersaregenerallyhealthierthanBulldogs MillerandWroschlookedatrelativelyminorillnessessuchasskindisorders poorsleepandheadaches anddiscoveredthatQuittersdifferedfromBulldogsbysufferingless Furthermore theBulldogssufferedmuchmorefromlongperiodsofstress duringwhichtheyhadahigherlevelofaproteinwhichcouldindicateseveralseriousdiseases includingkillerslikediabetesandheartdisease 译文 Digging 7ThescientistsalsonotedthattheBulldogsdistinguishedthemselvesfromtheQuittersbyshowinghowwillingtheyweretopursuenewgoalsaftertheygaveuponsomethingimportant Theyfoundthatpeoplewhoreadilyjumpedbackintolifehadagreatersenseofpurposeandwerelesslikelytothinkaboutthepast Settingnewgoalsappearstoprotectthemfromtheemotionalconsequencesoffailure especiallytheBulldogswhohaveahardtimeadmittingdefeat 译文 Digging 8SowhydoBulldogsfinallysay Enoughisenough Infact itappearsthattheirphysicalrecoverycomesthroughmilddepression Somegothroughaperiodofpassivebehaviour duringwhichtheyshutdown Butonthepositiveside they reforcedtostopandassesstheirlivesagain Graduallytheybecomemorerealisticabouttheworld Intermsofhumanevolution scientiststhinkthatdepressioniswhattoldourbodiestoslowdown toanalyzethesituationandtobecautious MelancholycanactuallyhelpmostofustogiveupontheOlympicgoldmedalandpreservethehumanspecies 译文 Digging 9It sdefinitelyimportanttosetoneselfgoals Foryoungpeople it spartofcultivatinganindividualidentityintheworld Butaswegrowolder we reliabletoadjusttheseaspirationsorabandonthemwhenwefindthateitherwecannotachievethemorother moreimportanttargetsattractus Weabandonourplansforagloriouscareerbecausewefeelitmoredesirabletoattendtothedemandsofouryoungfamily Wechoosenottocontinueourstudiesbecauseweneedtoearnaliving Consequently wefindother morefeasibleobjectivesinourlives whicharemoreappropriatetoourcircumstancesthanourpreviousones Sowhilewemaygrowoutofourdreams atthesametime wegrowup 译文 Digging 10Maybeweshouldrewritethesaying Howabout Ifatfirstyoudon tsucceed try tryagain Butifyoudon tsucceed youdon talwaysfail Listentoyourbodyandyourmind That swhereyou llfindyoursuccessasahumanbeing That swherethesurvivalofthespecieslies 译文 Digging End Mainideaofthetext 1 SincetheFoundingFathersarrivedinAmerica ourchildrenhavebeenthetargetofmessagesaboutthevalueofdeterminationinthefaceoflife sdifficulties Line1 Para3 FromthetimeEuropeansfirstarrivedinNorthAmerica theyhavebeentellingtheirchildrentheymustbestrongtofacedifficultiesandovercomethem ThisattitudehasbeenveryintenseinAmericanculturebothbecauseofthetypeofProtestantChristianity 基督教中的新教 theearlysettlersbelievedin andtheobviousdifficultiesanddangerstheyfacedinsettlingonanewcontinentwithsolittleknownandsomanyenemies Difficultsentences Difficultsentences 2 Settingnewgoalsappearstoprotectthemfromtheemotionalconsequencesoffailure especiallytheBulldogswhohaveahardtimeadmittingdefeat Line8 Para7 Theconsequencescouldincludefeelingsoflowself esteem inadequacyorreluctancetotryanythingsimilartothefailedactivity Ithelpsustorecoverifwesetnewgoalsandgetonwithlifeaswedon thavetofeelburdenedbythepreviousdefeat ThisisespeciallytrueoftheBulldogtypeofcharacterastheyfindgivingupespeciallystressfulanddepressing Ofcourse theyalsogetmostoutofhavinganewaimtopursueasthatisintheirnature Difficultsentences 3 MelancholycanactuallyhelpmostofustogiveupontheOlympicgoldmedalandpreservethehumanspecies Line11 Para8 Whenwecannotdosomething wefeeldepressed Thedepressionstopsusfromtryingagain makesusputasideunrealisticgoalslikegettinganOlympicgoldmedal givesusachancetore evaluateoursituationandtrysomethingattainable Thisprotectsusfromdamagingourselvestryingtodowhatisbeyondus Difficultsentences 4 Foryoungpeople it spartofcultivatinganindividualidentityintheworld Line2 Para9 Peoplehavedifferentgoals thisiswhatmakespeopledifferent Withoutdifferentambitionsyoungpeoplewouldallbethesame Difficultsentences 5 Sowhilewemaygrowoutofourdreams atthesametime wegrowup Line14 Para9 Weloseourdreamsasweage butalsobecomemorematureandrealistic quitter 释义 n C infml someonewhoislikelytostoptryingiftheyhaveproblemsorarenotsuccessfulimmediately轻易放弃的人 例句 I mnotaquitter butthisjobisstartingtoaffectmyhealth 我不是一个遇困难就放弃的人 只是这个工作开始影响我的健康了 翻译 Words 例句 Thecoachhadnorespectforquitters 教练瞧不起半途而废的人 翻译 释义 n C 顽强的人 永不言弃的人 C 斗牛犬 叭喇狗 例句 Heisthekindofbulldogreporterthatyoudonotfindverymuchthesedays 他是你近年来很难遇到的那种穷追不舍的记者 翻译 Words bulldog comic 释义1 a onlybeforenoun relatingtocomedy喜剧的 例句 Heworkedasacomicactor 他是一名喜剧演员 翻译 Words 例句 Manyofthescenesinthebookarerichlycomic 书中很多情景充满喜剧色彩 翻译 释义2 例句 Thenoveliscomicandtragic 这部小说既好笑又带有悲剧色彩 翻译 Words 例句 Mostofthesetripshadexcitingorcomicmoments 大部分旅途都有激动人心或令人开怀的时刻 翻译 comic damn 释义 a onlybeforenoun usedforemphasizingwhatyouaresaying especiallywhenyouareannoyedaboutsomething该死的 讨厌的 例句 It sdamncoldinhere 这儿真冷 翻译 Words 例句 翻译 Ican tgetthisdamnbuttonundone 我解不开这个该死的扣子 释义1 vi tocontinuetodoorsaysomethinginadeterminedway坚持 执意 例句 翻译 Words 例句 Shepersistedintakingherdogwithher 翻译 她执意要带她的狗一起去 Doeshealwayspersistinhisopinionlikethat 他老是那样固执己见吗 persist 释义2 vi fml tocontinuetoexist继续存在 持续 例句 Despiteofficialdenials therumourspersisted 尽管官方否认 谣言仍在继续流传 翻译 Words 例句 Thepainpersistedformonths eventhoughtheinjuryhadhealed 虽然受伤的地方已经愈合 但是疼痛还是持续了数月 翻译 persist determination 释义 n U therefusaltoletanythingpreventyoufromdoingwhatyouhavedecidedtodo坚定 决心 例句 Shehasshowngreatdeterminationandskill 她表现出了坚强的决心和技能 翻译 Words 例句 Hisdeterminationtomarryherisnowmuchstrongerthanever 他比以前更加坚决地想要娶她了 翻译 considerable 释义 a largeinsize amount ordegree相当大的 相当多的 例句 Doingitproperlymakesconsiderabledemandsonourtime 把这事做好需要花费我们相当多的时间 翻译 Words 例句 Aconsiderableamountoftimeandmoneywasspentontheproject 相当多的时间和金钱都花在这项工程上了 翻译 真题 Writingisaslowprocess requiringconsiderablethought time andeffort Jun 1996 CET 4 VocabularyandStructure 释义 n C aconnectionbetweentwoormorepeople places facts orevents especiallywhenoneisaffectedorcausedbytheother关联 联系 例句 Theseprojectswillprovidevitallinksbetweencompaniesanduniversities 这些项目将会为公司和大学搭建重要的纽带 翻译 Words 例句 Thestatisticsshowaclearlinkbetweensocialclassandcrime 翻译 统计数字明确显示了社会阶级与犯罪之间的关系 link 真题 Certainly thebiologicallinkbetweenparentandchildisfundamental Jun 2003 CET 4 ReadingComprehension exhibit 释义1 vt toshowaparticularfeeling quality ability orformofbehaviour表露 表现出 例句 Hehasexhibitedsymptomsofanxietyandoverwhelmingworry 他表现出焦虑和过分担心的迹象 翻译 Words 例句 Oursoldiersexhibitedgreatbraveryinthebattle 我们的战士在战斗中表现出极大的勇敢 翻译 释义2 vt toputsomethinginterestinginamuseumorotherpublicplacesothatpeoplecangoandlookatit展出 展览 例句 翻译 Words David sgoingtoexhibithisrosesattheflowershow 戴维准备在花展中展出自己的玫瑰花 例句 翻译 TheartgallerywillexhibitsomeofDali spaintings 美术馆将展览达利的部分绘画作品 exhibit sequence 释义 n C U asetofrelatedthingsthathappenorarearrangedinaparticularorder一连串 连续 例句 翻译 Words 例句 翻译 Wehadtofollowacomplexsequenceofmovements 我们必须按顺序完成一连串的复杂动作 Acomputercanstoreandrepeatsequencesofinstructions 一台计算机能够储存和重复一连串的指令 distinguish 释义 v torecognizethedifferencesbetweenthings区分 辨别 例句 翻译 Words 例句 翻译 Pleasetellmehowtodistinguishapoisonoussnakefromaharmlessone 请告诉我如何区别毒蛇和无毒蛇 Canyoudistinguishrightfromwrong 你能分清是非吗 真题 Anotherwaytodividethestudyofgeographyistodistinguishbetweenphysicalgeographyandculturalgeography Jun 1991 CET 4 Vocabularyandstructure category 释义 n C agroupofpeopleorthingsthathavesimilarqualities种类 类别 例句 翻译 Words Therewillbetwowinnersineachcategory 每一类将有两个优胜者 例句 翻译 Theproposalwouldbansomecategoriesofweapons 这项提案将禁止某些种类的武器 释义 n pl informationthatyoudiscoveroropinionsthatyouformafterdoingresearch发现 研究结果 例句 翻译 Words Whentheexperimentiscomplete includeyourfindingsinareport 试验完成后 请把结果写入报告 真题 Researchfindingsshowwespendabouttwohoursdreamingeverynight nomatterwhatwewouldhavedoneduringtheday Jan 1999 CET 4 Vocabularyandstructure 例句 翻译 Wecanapplyhisfindingsinnewdevelopments 我们可将他的调查结果应用于新的开发中 findings differ 释义 vi tobedifferentfromsomethingelse不同 于 有区别 例句 翻译 Words Heartsmayagree thoughheadsdiffer 谚 意见总有分歧 但其心则仍可能一致 Butthesevariousmeansofcommunicationdifferinimportantwaysfromhumanlanguage Jan 2003 CET 4 Cloze 真题 例句 翻译 Theweatheroftendiffersfromonepartofastatetoanother 一个州内各地区的天气往往有差别 indicate 释义1 vt toshowthatsomethingwillhappen istrue orexists表明 显示 例句 翻译 Words 测试结果将显示治疗是否成功 Testresultswillindicatewhetherthetreatmentwassuccessful 例句 翻译 烟囱冒烟说明有人在家 Thesmokefromthechimneyindicated that someonewasinthehouse Carefulsurveyshaveindicatedthatasmanyas50percentofpatientsdonottakedrugsasdirected Jan 1996 CET 4 VocabularyandStructure 真题 释义2 例句 翻译 Words 市长流露出了辞职之意 Themayorindicatedthathewastoresign Bothsidesareindicatingtheirwillingnesstorestorediplomaticrelations 例句 翻译 双方都暗示愿意恢复外交关系 vt toexpressanintention opinion orwishinanindirectway暗示 暗指 indicate readily 释义 例句 翻译 Words 他欣然同意帮助我们渡过难关 Hereadilyagreedtohelpusout ad inawaythatshowsthatyouarewilling乐意地 例句 翻译 Shereadilydiscussesherscienceprojectbutisreluctanttotalkaboutherself 她非常乐意讨论她的科研项目 却不愿谈自己 assess 释义 vt tocarefullyconsiderasituation person orprobleminordertomakeajudgment评估 评价 例句 翻译 Words 我们的经纪人会对你的房产进行估价 Ouragentwillassessthevalueofyourproperty Heassessedthedamagecausedbytheearthquakeat 500 000 例句 翻译 他估计地震所造成的损失为50万美元 analyze 释义 vt tostudyorexaminesomethingindetailinordertounderstandorexplainit分析 例句 翻译 Words 他们分析了这种金属 发现是黄金 Theyanalyzedthemetalandfounditwasgold 例句 翻译 我们正在努力分析哪里出了差错 We retryingtoanalyzewhatwentwrong cultivate 释义1 vt todevelopsomethingsuchasanattitude ability orskill培养 养成 例句 翻译 Words 她试着以读书陶冶心性 Sheistryingtocultivatehermindbyreading 例句 翻译 该公司在打造专业形象方面非常成功 Thecompanyhavebeensuccessfulincultivatingaveryprofessionalimage 释义2 vt tomakelandsuitableforgrowingcropsorplants开垦 耕作 Thelandherehasbeenintensivelycultivatedforgenerations 这片土地经过了几代人的密集耕作 Phrases 例句 翻译 Someofthelandwouldbeimpossibletocultivate 有些土地无法耕作 例句 翻译 cultivate 释义 例句 翻译 首相访问期间可能会出现抗议活动 liable Phrases Protestsareliabletooccurthroughouttheprimeminister svisit 例句 翻译 缺乏睡眠你就容易出错 Withoutsleepyouareliabletomakemistakes 释义1 vt tostopsomethingthatyouaredoingorplanningtodo especiallybecauseitistoodifficulttocontinue中止 放弃 Phrases 例句 翻译 Theclimbersfinallyabandonedtheirattemptonthemountain 登山者们最终放弃了攀登这座山的尝试 例句 翻译 Theplansforreformwerequietlyabandoned 改革的诸多计划都悄无声息地终止了 abandon 释义2 例句 翻译 那辆轿车被发现丢弃在附近的一个小镇上 Thecarwasfoundabandonedinanearbytown Phrases 例句 翻译 Theheartlessmanabandonedhiswifeandchildren 那个无情的男子遗弃了妻子和孩子 abandon 释义 例句 翻译 大家都想获得良好的教育 desirable Agoodeducationishighlydesirable Phrases 例句 翻译 Experienceofmarketingishighlydesirable 有市场营销经验者尤佳 Whatpersonalqualitiesaredesirableinateacher Jun 2003 CET 4 ShortAnswerQuestions 真题 释义 例句 翻译 发电而不造成污染是完全可行的 It sperfectlyfeasibletoproduceelectricitywithoutcreatingpollution Phrases 例句 翻译 Yourplanisnoteconomicallyfeasible 你的计划从经济上考虑是行不通的 feasible 释义 例句 翻译 先前的房主没有好好爱护这个地方 previous Thepreviousownerdidnottakeverygoodcareoftheplace Phrases 例句 翻译 Markhastwochildrenfromapreviousmarriage 马克的上一次婚姻给他留下了两个孩子 althoughourageexceedsallpreviousagesinknowledge therehasbeennocorrespondingincreaseinwisdom Jan 1995 CET 4 Readingcomprehension 真题 释义 例句 翻译 你不听劝说 因此征求别人的意见也就没有什么意义了 thereisnopoint in doingsth Youdon ttakeadvicesothereisnopointinaskingforit Phrases 例句 翻译 Thereisnopointinarguingwithhimfurther 继续和他争下去是没有意义的 释义 例句 翻译 钱可以带来幸福感 从一定程度上说是这样的 但金钱买不到一切 uptoapoint Moneycanbringthesenseofhappiness uptoapoint butmoneycan tbuyanything Phrases 例句 翻译 Ienjoymyprofessionuptoapoint butitcertainlydoesn trulemylife 在一定程度上 我喜欢我的职业 但它当然不能主宰我的生活 释义 例句 翻译 他力劝他们不要对和平努力绝望 Heurgedthemnottogiveuponpeaceefforts Phrases 例句 翻译 I dbeenintroublesomanytimesthatmyparentshadgivenuponme 我一次次地惹麻烦 所以我父母对我彻底失望了 giveupon 释义 例句 翻译 这家人在艰难困苦面前眼看就要四分五裂了 inthefaceof Thefamilywasbreakingupinthefaceofitshardships Phrases 例句 翻译 HewithdrewtheproposalThursdayinthefaceoffierceoppositionathomeandabroad 面对国内外的强烈反对 他在周四收回提案 Itassumeswe reallvulnerable 脆弱的 andpassiveinthefaceofadversity 逆境 Jun 2002 CET 4 ReadingComprehension 真题 释义 例句 翻译 一方面他们说希望降低生活开支 另一方面他们又抬高了不少物品的税收 ontheonehand ontheotherhand Ontheonehandtheysaytheywishtoreducethecostofliving andontheothertheyincreasethedutiesonanumberofarticles Phrases 例句 翻译 Ontheonehandheismyteacher butontheotherheismyfriend 一方面他是我老师 但另一方面他是我朋友 释义 例句 翻译 长远看 这样做损坏公司的形象 即使广告活动能在一段时间内提振销售 inthelongterm Thathurtsthecompany simageinthelongterm evenifthecampaignboostssalesforaspell Phrases 例句 翻译 Youmightbeslightlyhappyifyouloweryourlevelsofexpectations butnotinthelongterm 降低期望水平可能会让你略微快乐些 但从长远来说行不通 释义 例句 翻译 凡事开头时就要想到它的后果 thinkof Thinkoftheendateverybeginning Phrases 例句 翻译 Thinkofclients needwhenyouaredesigningaproduct 你设计产品的时候要考虑用户的需求 释义 例句 翻译 lookback Phrases 例句 翻译 现在有必要向前看 而不是往后看 Ithasnowbecomenecessarytolooktothefutureandnotlookback Lookingbackonit Iseemymistake 回想一下 我认识到了我的错误 释义 例句 翻译 nowthat Phrases 例句 翻译 我和我的大儿子现在相处得比以前好了些 因为他准备要上大学了 MyoldestsonandIaregettingalongbetternowthathe sgettingreadytogotocollege I mgoingtorelaxnowtheschoolyearisover 既然本学年已经结束了 我可要放松一下了 释义 例句 翻译 whatif Phrases 例句 翻译 你如果考试不通过会怎么样 Whatifyoufailtheexam WhatiftheThirdWorldWarbreakout 如果第三次世界大战爆发会怎么样 释义 例句 翻译 gothrough Phrases 例句 翻译 她看不出哪里有救星 她必须硬着头皮苦撑下去 Therewasnosalvation shewouldhavetogothroughwithit IhopeInevergothroughanythinglikethisagain 但愿我再也别遇到这类事 Theearlypioneershadtogothroughmanyhardshipstosettleonthenewland Jun 2000 CET 4 VocabularyandStructure 真题 释义 例句 翻译 shutdown Phrases 例句 翻译 该厂本月将停产两周 Thefactorywillshutdownfortwoweeksthismonth Threenucleargeneratorswereshutdownforsafetyreasons 出于安全原因关闭了3个核发电机 释义 例句 翻译 intermsof Phrases 例句 翻译 决定必须根据其重要性来评估 Thedecisionshouldberatedupintermsofimportance Intermsofmoney he squiterich butnotintermsofhappiness 就钱来说他很富有 但就幸福来说就不然了 Whichsporthasthemostexpensesintermsoftrainingequipment players personalequipmentanduniforms Jan 1998 CET 4 VocabularyandStructure 真题 释义 例句 翻译 attendto Phrases 例句 翻译 我妈妈不久前病得很重 我必须照顾她 Mymotherwasveryill Ihavetoattendtoher I mtoobusynowtoattendtoanythingelsebutmywork 我现在太忙 除自己的工作以外没功夫管别的事 释义 例句 翻译 earnaliving Phrases 例句 翻译 科学是个好东西 只要人们不需要靠它谋生就行 Scienceisawonderfulthingifonedoesnothavetoearnone slivingatit Itishonorabletoearnalivingwithyourhands 靠双手劳动来养活自己是光荣的 释义 例句 翻译 growoutof Phrases 例句 翻译 她有咬手指甲的习惯 但是我认为她长大就不会了 Shehasahabitofbitingherfingernails butIthinkshewillgrowoutofit Myson sonlyinterestseemstobemotorbikes butIsupposehewillgrowoutofit 我儿子唯一的兴趣似乎是摩托车 不过我想他长大后就不会这样了 Culturepoints Abulldog 斗牛犬 isadogwithshorthair ashortneckandlargehead andshortthicklegs Itissaidtohaveastrong determinedcharacter Culturepoints Ifatfirstyoudon tsucceed try tryagain Thisisawell knownsayingbothintheUSandtheUK ItfirstappearedinanAmericanschoolbookin1840 andwasintendedtoencouragechildrentodotheirhomework TheFoundingFathers 制宪元勋 werethepoliticalleaderswhosignedtheDeclarationofIndependencein1776 duringtheAmericanRevolution InthepassagetheexpressionisusedtorefertothefirstEuropeanswhosettledinAmerica 如果你第一次没有成功 那就再试一次吧 喜剧演员WC菲尔德斯说 如果还是没有成功 那就放弃吧 傻瓜一样地不肯放弃是毫无意义的 Translation 原文 懦夫 是赢家 硬汉 是输家 嗯 是的 在某种程度上是这样的 但是我们都知道放弃有个正确时机和错误时机的问题 根据新的研究 知道什么时候放弃不可能实现的目标的人 即所谓的 懦夫 其身心要比不惜任何代价而坚持下去的 硬汉 健康 Translation 原文