2012届海文钻石卡学员院校专业选择公共英语测试卷一.pdf

2012 届钻石卡学员使用 第 1 页 共 8 页 2012 届海文钻石卡学员基础阶段测试卷一届海文钻石卡学员基础阶段测试卷一 考试时间 考试时间 120 分钟分钟 满分 满分 100 分分 学员姓名 学员姓名 主管顾问 主管顾问 是否学数学 是否学数学 目标院校和专业 目标院校和专业 总分 总分 Section I Structure and Vocabulary Directions Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A B C and D Choose the one that best completes the sentence and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET 30 points 1 As scheduled the communications satellite went into round the earth A circle B orbit C path D course 2 I don t want to lend any more money to him he s already in debt me A to B for C of D with 3 to speak when the audience interrupted him A Hardly had he begun B No sooner had he begun C Not until he began D Scarcely did he begin 4 Jean Wagner s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro American poetry is his insistence that it in a religious as well as worldly frame of reference A is to be analyzed B has been analyzed C be analyzed D should have been analyzed 5 Humble it may be there s no place like home where he may go A although B as C how D which 6 Although he thought he was helping us prepare the dinner he was actually the way A in B by C off D on 7 Although the false banknotes fooled many people they did not close examination A put up B keep up C stand up to D look up to 8 Anna was reading a piece of science fiction completely to the outside world A being lost B having lost C losing D lost 9 The future of this company is many of its talented employees are flowing into more profitable net based businesses A at odds B in trouble C in vain D at stake 10 The students expected there more reviewing classes before the final exam A is B being C have been D to be 11 The patient has been of the safety of the operation A assured B guaranteed C entrusted D confirmed 12 Will you this passage to see if there is any misprint A look up B go over C dwell on D work out 13 The album is as it was the only one ever signed by the President A unusual B unique C rare D singular 14 Prof Ward hardly ever went to the theater A neither the cinema nor B neither the cinema or 2012 届钻石卡学员使用 第 2 页 共 8 页 C either the cinema or D either the cinema nor 15 The bank is reported in the local newspaper in broad daylight yesterday A to be robbed B robbed C to have been robbed D having been robbed 16 Talk to anyone in the drug industry you ll soon discover that the science of genetics is the biggest thing to hit drug research since penicillin was discovered A or B so C for D and 17 Had Paul received six more votes in the last election he our chairman now A must have been B would have been C were D would be 18 Stressful environments lead to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating habits which increase the risk of heart disease A in turn B in return C by chance D by turns 19 The tourist is prevented from entering a country if he does not have passport A an operative B a valid C an efficient D an effective 20 The project requires more labor than A has been put in B have been put in C being put in D to be put in Section II Use of English Directions Read the following text Choose the best word s for each numbered blank and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET 15 points Industrial safety does not just happen Companies 21 low accident rates plan their safety programs work hard to organize them and continue working to keep them 22 and active When the work is well done a 23 of accident free operations is established 24 time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum Successful safety programs may 25 greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding Others stress safe work practices by 26 rules or regulations 27 others depend on an emotional appeal to the worker But there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained There can be no question about the value of a safety program From a financial standpoint alone safety 28 The fewer the injury 29 the better the workman s insurance rate This may mean the difference between operating at 30 or at a loss 21 A at B in C on D with 22 A alive B vivid C mobile D diverse 23 A regulation B climate C circumstance D requirement 24 A where B how C what D unless 25 A alter B differ C shift D distinguish 26 A constituting B aggravating C observing D justifying 27 A some B many C even D still 28 A comes off B turns up C pays off D holds up 29 A claims B reports C declarations D proclamations 30 A an advantage B a benefit C an interest D a profit 2012 届钻石卡学员使用 第 3 页 共 8 页 Section III Reading Comprehension Directions Each of the passages below is followed by some questions For each question four answers are given Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET 40 points Text 1 Most students are usually introduced to the study of history by way of a fat textbook and become quickly engaged in a vast sea of names dates events and statistics The students skills are then tested by examinations that require them to show how much of the data they remember the more they remember the higher their grades are From this experience a number of conclusions seem obvious the study of history is the study of facts about the past the more facts you know the better you are as a student of history The professional historian whether teacher or textbook writer is simply one who brings together a very large number of facts Students who have been introduced to history in this way become confused upon discovering that historians often disagree sharply To be sure historians present their material in familiar ways they tell us what happened and why it happened by presenting a mass of historical data But students soon discover that two or three or more historians dealing with the same event may come to quite different conclusions about it Sometimes two historians will use two very different sets of facts in describing an event and this leads them to different conclusions At other times however the same facts are given different meanings by different historians and their conclusions therefore differ The common sense reaction to this state of affairs is to conclude that one historian is right while the other is wrong But common sense will take students no further than this Maybe historians who are wrong will have their facts wrong This is seldom the case however Students find that all historians argue reasonably and persuasively And the facts the names dates events figures usually turn out to be correct The only way out for the confused students is to choose one point of view for reasons they cannot fully explain History which had seemed to be a cut and dried matter of memorizing facts now becomes a matter of choosing one good interpretation from among many Historical truth becomes a matter of personal preference like the choice of one brand named item over another in a supermarket Obviously there is no easy solution to this problem Historians disagree because each historian views the past from a particular perspective Once students grasp this they have taken the first step toward being able to evaluate the work of various historians But before they can take this first step students must consider a problem they have more or less taken for granted They must ask themselves what history really is 31 The students become confused because A it is difficult to remember so many historical facts B the historians cannot persuade them to make conclusion C they cannot make a reasonable choice among the different interpretations D they cannot decide whether the facts the historians refer to are correct or not 32 In the text the author wants to A emphasize the subjectivity in interpretations of historical events B present reasonableness for differences in opinions C support opinions of some historians on the facts of history D introduce some better methods for the study of history 33 Which of the following will the author most probably agree with A The more facts the students remember the more intelligent they are 2012 届钻石卡学员使用 第 4 页 共 8 页 B Historians themselves become confused with different interpretations of facts C Students support an idea because they believe its accuracy D History study involves not only memorizing but also evaluating 34 What is the meaning of the last sentence in the third paragraph A It is hard to make decision in front of the brand named commercials B Historical truth can be explained with one s personal view C Historical affairs are various just like different items in supermarket D Students can choose whether they study history or not 35 The attitude of the author towards the learning of history is A ironic B objective C indignant D unsatisfied Text 2 The American economy is growing according to the most recent statistics at the sizzling rate of seven percent and is in the middle of the largest peacetime expansion in American history We read in the newspapers that practically everyone who wants a job can get one Microsoft is running advertisements in the New York Times practically begging Congress to issue more visas for foreign computer and information technology workers In this environment it is shocking that one group of Americans people with disabilities have such a high level of unemployment 30 percent are not employed the same percentage as when the Americans With Disabilities Act became law Not only did their employment and labor earnings fall during the recession of the early 1990s but employment and earnings continued to fall during the long economic expansion that followed Many of these people are skilled professionals who are highly marketable in today s economy Part of the problem is discrimination and part recent court rulings favoring employers in ADA lawsuits Discrimination against people with disabilities is unfortunately alive and well despite the legal prohibitions against discrimination in hiring people with disabilities Seventy nine percent of disabled people who are unemployed cite discrimination in the workplace and lack of transportation as major factors that prevent them from working studies have also shown that people with disabilities who find jobs earn less than their co workers and are less likely to be promoted Unfavorable court rulings have not been helpful either Research by law professor Ruth Colker of Ohio State University has shown that in the eight years after the ADA went into effect employer defendants prevailed in more than 93 percent of the cases decided by trial Of the cases appealed employers prevailed 84 percent of the time Robert Burgdorf Jr who helped draft the ADA has written legal analysis has proceeded quite a way down the wrong road Disability activists and other legal scholars point out that Congress intended the ADA as a national mandate for the ending of discrimination against people with disabilities Instead what has occurred in the words of one writer is that the courts have narrowed the scope of the law redefined disability raised the price of access to justice and generally deemed disability discrimination as not worthy of serious remedy But perhaps the greatest single problem is the federal government itself where laws and regulations designed to help disabled people actually provide an economic disincentive to work As Sen Edward Kennedy wrote the high unemployment rate among people receiving federal disability benefits is not because their federal benefits programs have front doors that are too big but because they have back doors that are too small 36 The advertisement made by Microsoft shows that A a great number of jobs have been created in the US B foreign workers are favored over domestic workers C working visa is very hard to be issued to foreign workers D many domestic workers will lose their jobs to foreigners 2012 届钻石卡学员使用 第 5 页 共 8 页 37 It can be inferred from the second paragraph that A most people with disabilities in the US are not employed B the disabled are not hired due largely to their inadequate skills C the earnings of the disabled fluctuate with economic situation D legislation for the disabled failed to help this group effectively 38 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause to the problems of the disabled A Not enough help from relatives in their transportation B Prevailing discrimination in workplace against the disabled C The ineffective system of the federal government D The court s general favor in employers over the disabled 39 What underlies the courts rulings seems to be that A the courts have been bribed heavily by the rich employers B the courts think that the disabled should not go to work C the courts underestimate discrimination against the disabled D the courts are too busy with other lawsuits to care enough 40 The last sentence but because they have back doors that are too small probably means that A the government does not have a big back gate in its offices B the disabled often grow too dependent on the benefits to work C the disabled are trying to get their benefit through back doors D the government is trying to stop the disabled from working Text 3 In a quiet courtroom tucked away in a federal building a great battle is pitting free speech against government efforts to protect children from the seemingly limitless pages of pornography describing sexual acts in cyberspace The trial will determine the constitutionality of the Children s Internet Protection Act In doing so it could also reshape Americans notion of free speech well into the technology driven 21st century Passed by Congress the law requires all libraries that receive federal technology funds to install protection measures on all computers that have access to the Internet In other words they must have blocking software to prevent youngsters from accidentally or even intentionally peeping at the myriads of hard core sites available with just a few well placed clicks on a computer terminal To free speech advocates from librarians to the American Civil Liberties Union it s a well intentioned but dangerous assault on America s First Amendment freedoms They argue that even the best blocking software is so flawed that it would also limit adult access to a wide array of constitutionally protected speech It s very easy to suggest that we all believe in the First Amendment we just want to keep our kids safe says John Berry president of the American Library Association in Chicago But as soon as you start making those kinds of concessions you begin to undermine one of our founding principles and you can t sacrifice those kinds of things for a little temporary security Supporters of the Internet filtering law argue that the First Amendment has nothing to do with CIPA because it s nothing more than a funding bill If libraries have objections they simply don t have to accept the federal funds upon which the blocking software s use is conditioned There s the whole issue of the blocking software itself Does it work or not One study of more than 7 000 websites that had been blocked by the various software companies found that between 65 and 70 percent of the sites were deemed to have potential value to a library user As to worries about over blocking the law s supporters note the law allows adults to ask a librarian to turn off the blocking software But the librarians argue that the mandatory filter does take discretion away from librarians and heir 2012 届钻石卡学员使用 第 6 页 共 8 页 communities and gives it to the federal government They point out that most libraries around the country have already set policies created with their communities about how to deal with the problem of Internet porn Indeed 43 percent already offer the use of some kind of filtering device After this three judge panel rules one side or the other is expected to file an appeal and that will go directly to the Supreme Court 41 The significance of the trial lies in the fact that A it may put some restrictions on contents of websites B it may be a symbol of American government s victory C it may arouse Americans awareness to redefine free speech D it may prove American government s efforts to protect children 42 The word myriad Line 4 Paragraph 2 denotes A a large number B a bit of a mystery C a variety of subjects D a range of activities 43 The free speech advocates believe the attempt to block websites is A a big mistake made by the government B a brutal violation of human rights C a grave threat to Americans freedom D the opposite of human interests 44 According to the text libraries A should install the appointed blocking software B should install the best blocking software C should block less than 70 percent of the websites D with federal funds must install the blocking software 45 It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the librarians A prefer to take other measures to solve the problem other than blocking websites B believe it s up to local communities to make decisions on website blocking C think libraries should turn to communities rather than the government for funds D will appeal to the Supreme Court after the three judge panel rules Text 4 Back in the 1870s Charles Darwin s cousin Francis Galton wanted to define the face of a criminal He assembled photographs of men convicted of heinous crimes and made a composite by lining them up on a single photographic plate The surprise everybody liked the villain including Galton himself He reasoned that the villainous irregularities he supposed belonged to criminal faces had disappeared in the averaging process In the next century scientists began to show reliably that faces combined digitally on computers were likable more so than the individual faces from which they were composed Although people clearly admire the long legs of Brazilian model Ana Hickmann or Dolly Parton s breasts in general humans like averages Researchers confirmed that humans judge real faces by their differences or similarities from a norm But they also found that the norm can change q