托福听力话题之商业场景分析.docx

智课网TOEFL备考资料托福听力话题之商业场景分析 摘要： 托福听力考试中常常会出现很多状况，很多场景大家不知道知不知道，所以今天小编向大家介绍托福听力话题之商业场景分析，我们一起来看看吧。 托福 考生们都知道， 新托福 考听力的话题是非常具有多样性的，包含了日常生活中的很多类别，今天我们就为大家介绍其中一种比较小但又不容忽视的类别：商业类。这类话题也会经常出现，但高中生或大部分大学生对这一话题又不够熟悉，因此一旦出现，杀伤力会比较大。 一、概述 商业类场景往往和其他分支学科产生联系。具体可以从以下几个方面来考察： 某个商业术语的介绍 例如历史上的经济政策(如放任主义)，以及某个商业概念(如边际效益)等。 某种市场现象 例如互联网泡沫，郁金香热等。 商业案例分析 例如某个公司的营销情况介绍，兴衰原因等。 其他话题 商业容易和其他学科产生交叉，如历史，文化和政治等。 商业类的听力话题一般来说是考察考生短时间内的理解能力。虽然可能会出现比较难的术语，但不考察专业知识。有背景知识固然好，但不会因没有背景知识而做不出题目，所以考生们大可放心。但建议考生平时多关注时事，以及浏览如Economist之类的杂志，拓宽知识面。 二、案例分析 下面是一个人文学的经典案例： TPO 6 Lecture 1 (Boom and Bust) 听力原文： 1) Of course, booms arent always followed by busts. Weve certainly seen times when local economies expanded rapidly for a while and then went back to a normal pace of growth. But, theres a type of rapid expansion, what might be called the hysterical or irrational boom that pretty much always leads to a bust. See, people often create and intensify a boom when they get carried away by some new industry that seems like it will make them lots of money fast. Youd think that by the 90s, people would have learned from the past. If they did, well, look at tulips. Q: What is the main purpose of the talk? A. to show what happens after an economy has experienced a boom-and-bust cycle B. to illustrate the conditions needed to produce a boom-and-bust cycle C. to demonstrate how boom-and-bust cycles have changed over time D. to explain why the boom-and-bust cycle is not a frequent historical occurrence 分析： 在前几讲中我们提到过，大部分lecture的主旨都位于开头前几句话。而在这里，我们发现，文章中好像没有一句和文章选项是相对应的。这就需要我们根据上下文的内容进行总结。在此我们可以看这几个下划线句子，“繁荣之后不一定跟随的是衰败，而这种非理性的，不正常的经济繁荣之后，难免就是衰败了”。我们不禁思考：这种非理性的扩张到底是什么样子的呢?或者说，有哪些因素导致了这种扩张，从而导致经济泡沫呢?因此总结看来，B项是最合适的。 这里句子长，语速快，还伴随生词或词组，要仔细推敲。比如be carried away的意思是“失去自制力”，“沉溺于”，这些表达方式要多看听力原文进行总结。 2) It turns out that the Netherlands was an ideal country for growing tulips. It had the right kind of sandy soil for one thing, but also, it was a wealthy nation with a growing economy, willing to spend lots of money on new exotic things. Plus, the Dutch had a history of gardening. Wealthy people would compete, spending enormous amounts of money to buy the rarest flowers for their gardens. What happened then was a craze for these specialized tulips. We called that craze tulip-mania. So, here weve got all the conditions for an irrational boom: a prospering economy, so more people had more disposable income - money to spend on luxuries, but they werent experienced at investing their new wealth. Then along comes a thrilling new commodity. Sure the first specimens were just plain ordinary tulips, but they could be bred into some extraordinary variations, like that dark purple tulip. And finally, you have an unregulated marketplace, no government constraints, where price could explode. Q: What were some of the factors that contributed to the tulip craze in the Netherlands in the seventeenth century? Click on three choices. wealthy gardeners liked to complete for rare plants the number of people with disposable income was growing tulip bulbs were initially cheap and easy to obtain tulips in the wild bloomed in unusual color combination the tulip market was not regulated by the government 分析： 节选内容原文很长，这里只选取了和考点有关的信息。本题是一个细节题，五选三，这在lecture中比较少见(一般来说是四选二)。加粗字体提醒大家要注意表示分类，列举和次序的路标词。细节题考察大家笔记记录的条理性，所以听到speaker有列举情况，要素，种类的意图时要马上记笔记。在此，句对应的是选项一， 句对应的是选项二，句对应的是选项五，且均采取总结和同义置换形式。还要注意，此题涉及的篇幅较长，听时注意力一定要集中，还要在听的过程中学会总结。 参考笔记形式： 1. Eco spend 币 2. rich 竞 稀 花 3. income; lux 4. unrgltmkt; no gov 细节题考察小知识点的辨音及把握。注意力集中的同时快速记录下平时用的比较多且印象深刻的简写符号，努力做到有条理性，节省查找笔记的时间。 三、考点追踪 通过郁金香热这个例子，我们可以看出众多商业类的听力话题具有以下特点： 结合段首甚至全文总结主旨 顺序和列举路标词 考察小细节。 逻辑性强 要求考生把握全文主线，根据主题推断相关细节等内容。 大家在备考 托福听力 时可以多看一些商业类的段子，做到熟能生巧，在考试时如果遇到这类话题也不至于无从下手，考生们如果准备入手准备，可以点击下面的下载按钮获取我们为大家整理的全部内容。 2.托福听力话题之商业场景分析 托福听力考试 中常常会出现很多状况，很多场景大家不知道知不知道，所以今天小编向大家介绍托福听力话题之商业场景分析，我们一起来看看吧。 托福考生们都知道，新托福考听力的话题是非常具有多样性的，包含了日常生活中的很多类别，今天我们就为大家介绍其中一种比较小但又不容忽视的类别：商业类。这类话题也会经常出现，但高中生或大部分大学生对这一话题又不够熟悉，因此一旦出现，杀伤力会比较大。 一、概述 商业类场景往往和其他分支学科产生联系。具体可以从以下几个方面来考察： 某个商业术语的介绍 例如历史上的经济政策(如放任主义)，以及某个商业概念(如边际效益)等。 某种市场现象 例如互联网泡沫，郁金香热等。 商业案例分析 例如某个公司的营销情况介绍，兴衰原因等。 其他话题 商业容易和其他学科产生交叉，如历史，文化和政治等。 商业类的听力话题一般来说是考察考生短时间内的理解能力。虽然可能会出现比较难的术语，但不考察专业知识。有背景知识固然好，但不会因没有背景知识而做不出题目，所以考生们大可放心。但建议考生平时多关注时事，以及浏览如Economist之类的杂志，拓宽知识面。 二、案例分析 下面是一个人文学的经典案例： TPO 6 Lecture 1 (Boom and Bust) 听力原文： 1) Of course, booms arent always followed by busts. Weve certainly seen times when local economies expanded rapidly for a while and then went back to a normal pace of growth. But, theres a type of rapid expansion, what might be called the hysterical or irrational boom that pretty much always leads to a bust. See, people often create and intensify a boom when they get carried away by some new industry that seems like it will make them lots of money fast. Youd think that by the 90s, people would have learned from the past. If they did, well, look at tulips. Q: What is the main purpose of the talk? A. to show what happens after an economy has experienced a boom-and-bust cycle B. to illustrate the conditions needed to produce a boom-and-bust cycle C. to demonstrate how boom-and-bust cycles have changed over time D. to explain why the boom-and-bust cycle is not a frequent historical occurrence 分析： 在前几讲中我们提到过，大部分lecture的主旨都位于开头前几句话。而在这里，我们发现，文章中好像没有一句和文章选项是相对应的。这就需要我们根据上下文的内容进行总结。在此我们可以看这几个下划线句子，“繁荣之后不一定跟随的是衰败，而这种非理性的，不正常的经济繁荣之后，难免就是衰败了”。我们不禁思考：这种非理性的扩张到底是什么样子的呢?或者说，有哪些因素导致了这种扩张，从而导致经济泡沫呢?因此总结看来，B项是最合适的。 2) It turns out that the Netherlands was an ideal country for growing tulips. It had the right kind of sandy soil for one thing, but also, it was a wealthy nation with a growing economy, willing to spend lots of money on new exotic things. Plus, the Dutch had a history of gardening. Wealthy people would compete, spending enormous amounts of money to buy the rarest flowers for their gardens. What happened then was a craze for these specialized tulips. We called that craze tulip-mania. So, here weve got all the conditions for an irrational boom: a prospering economy, so more people had more disposable income - money to spend on luxuries, but they werent experienced at investing their new wealth. Then along comes a thrilling new commodity. Sure the first specimens were just plain ordinary tulips, but they could be bred into some extraordinary variations, like that dark purple tulip. And finally, you have an unregulated marketplace, no government constraints, where price could explode. Q: What were some of the factors that contributed to the tulip craze in the Ne